Deck 15: Therapies

Question 1

The psychoanalytic patient who lets her thoughts flow without interruption or fear of negative criticism from her therapist is using __________

A) dream interpretation.
B) positive transference.
C) regression.
D) free association.

Answer 1

free association.

Question 2

The kind of therapy that involves psychological rather than biological methods is called __________

A) psychotherapy.
B) biomedical therapy.
C) physical therapy.
D) electroconvulsive shock therapy.

Answer 2

psychotherapy.

Question 3

Therapies aimed mainly at understanding one's motives and actions are referred to as __________

A) action therapies.
B) insight therapies.
C) biomedical therapies.
D) relationship therapies.

Answer 3

insight therapies.

Question 4

Steve is 21 years old and has never gone on a date. His parents are concerned and take him to see a therapist. The therapist tells Steve to lie down on the couch and relax. The therapist sits behind Steve and asks him to say whatever comes into his head. Steve eventually talks about his fear of women, which leads him to think about his early experiences with women: his mother, her friends, his teachers, and so on. Steve is using __________

A) counterconditioning.
B) pole-shifting.
C) free association.
D) the empty chair technique.

Question 5

Free association is a technique used in __________ therapy.

A) psychoanalytic
B) rational-emotive
C) person-centered
D) Gestalt

Question 6

Omar is currently undergoing psychoanalysis. His therapist asks him to keep a journal by his bed and write down his dreams immediately upon awakening. Omar brings his journal to therapy and discusses his dreams with his therapist. Omar's therapist is attempting to do which of the following?

A) uncover repressed material
B) facilitate positive transference
C) create resistance within the client
D) facilitate unconditional positive regard

Question 7

During free association, a patient may become unwilling to talk about certain topics. What term would a psychoanalyst use to describe this change in the patient's willingness to verbalize?

A) insight
B) reactance
C) resistance
D) transference

Question 8

The treatment of emotional and behavioral disorders with psychological rather than biological methods is known as __________

A) psychotherapy.
B) psychopharmacology.
C) psychoanalysis.
D) psychiatry.

Question 9

When in psychoanalysis, the client is asked to reveal whatever thoughts, feelings, or images come to mind. This technique is called __________

A) free association.
B) transference.
C) self-actualization.
D) resistance.

Question 10

Joe has been undergoing psychoanalysis for several months. Over the past few weeks, he has become unwilling to talk about his relationship with his father and becomes uncomfortable when thoughts of him enter his mind during therapy. What process would the therapist say is occurring?

A) insight
B) reactance
C) resistance
D) transference

Question 11

All insight psychotherapies share the assumption that the client's psychological well-being depends on __________

A) a focus on the present, rather than the past.
B) increased self-understanding.
C) an understanding of the unconscious.
D) recognizing the rewards individuals give themselves.

Question 12

Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by __________

A) Alfred Adler.
B) Carl Rogers.
C) Fritz Perls.
D) Sigmund Freud.

Question 13

The major goal of insight therapies is to give people __________

A) feedback from their biologically controlled responses.
B) help in understanding perceptual processes.
C) basic training in observational learning and practice.
D) clearer understanding of their feelings, motivations, and actions.

Question 14

Because of the assumption that psychological well-being depends on self-understanding, some forms of psychotherapy are often referred to as __________

A) psychotherapy.
B) insight therapies.
C) flooding.
D) self-actualization techniques.

Question 15

Lulu sees a therapist once a week. During her therapy sessions, she discusses issues and events that have impacted her life. Her therapist helps her to understand how these events and issues have affected her. The type of therapy Lulu is seeking is called ___________

A) psychotherapy.
B) biomedical therapy.
C) physical therapy.
D) electroconvulsive shock therapy.

Question 16

A client lies on a couch with the therapist sitting out of sight behind her. The therapist gets to know the client's problems through free association and positive and negative transference. This is an example of __________ therapy.

A) psychoanalytic
B) behavior
C) person-centered
D) rational-emotive

Question 17

A therapist is interested in helping her client get a clearer understanding of his motives and actions. This therapist is most likely to be a/an __________

A) action therapist.
B) insight therapist.
C) biomedical therapist.
D) relationship therapist .

Question 18

Mark says to a friend, "I saw my therapist today. All she wanted me to do was say whatever thoughts and feelings came into my head, even if some of them were embarrassing." Mark's therapist is using the technique of __________

A) exposure.
B) free association.
C) resistance.
D) transference.

Question 19

Dr. Shedrika uses a form of therapy that emphasizes revealing his clients' unconscious conflicts, urges, and desires, which he believes are the cause of his clients' disordered emotions and behavior. This therapist is most likely using __________

A) behavior therapy.
B) psychoanalysis.
C) Gestalt therapy.
D) systematic desensitization.

Question 20

Psychodynamic therapies assume a person has psychological problems because __________

A) of irrational beliefs.
B) of childhood experiences.
C) there is some type of biochemical imbalance.
D) there is some type of cultural conflict happening.

Question 21

Dr. Graham listens to Maria's statements and then restates what he feels is Maria's message and describes her emotions. What type of therapy is Dr. Graham practicing?

A) behavior
B) cognitive
C) psychoanalytic
D) person-centered

Question 22

"Non-directive" therapy means __________

A) clients are encouraged to change their irrational beliefs, but not forced to do so.
B) the client decides on the topics that are discussed.
C) the therapist gently confronts the client and helps them overcome resistance.
D) the client learns how to react to people as individuals instead of symbolic parent figures.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of problems associated with depression that interpersonal therapy (IPT) can help with?

A) deficits in interpersonal skills
B) chemical imbalances
C) interpersonal role disputes
D) severe response to the death of a loved one

Question 24

The therapist's feeling of respect and affection for the client that exists without any strings attached, no matter what the client may say or do, is called __________

A) conditions of worth.
B) empathy.
C) catharsis.
D) unconditional positive regard.

Question 25

This is a brief psychodynamic form of psychotherapy that has proven very effective in the treatment of depression.

A) relationship therapy
B) interpersonal therapy
C) confrontational therapy
D) Gestalt therapy

Question 26

__________ therapy is a brief form of __________ therapy.

A) analytical; cognitive
B) interpersonal; psychodynamic
C) humanistic; person-centered
D) Gestalt therapy; nondirective

Question 27

__________ formed a large part of Freud's psychoanalytic method.

A) Reflection
B) Empathy
C) Dream interpretation
D) Unconditional positive regard

Question 28

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's person-centered therapy?

A) cognition
B) resistance
C) dream interpretation
D) unconditional positive regard

Question 29

The humanistic perspective suggests that psychological disorders develop when __________

A) a person has a weak ego.
B) a person is faced with unreasonable role expectations.
C) the natural tendency toward self-actualization is blocked.
D) there has been a failure to learn appropriate behaviors.

Question 30

Person-centered therapy is a type of __________ therapy.

A) insight
B) behavior
C) cognitive
D) reality

Question 31

Carl Rogers's person-centered approach is considered __________ because the client actually does all the real work, with the therapist merely acting as a sounding board.

A) directive
B) nondirective
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Question 32

Judy's therapist listens to her without interruption and judgment. She provides Judy with warmth and respect, without any conditions attached. Her therapist is demonstrating __________

A) reflection.
B) genuineness.
C) unconditional positive regard.
D) nondirective countertransference.

Question 33

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is NOT specifically designed to deal with which of the following problems?

A) specific phobias like fear of snakes or insects
B) unusual or severe responses to death of a loved one
C) interpersonal role disputes
D) deficits in interpersonal skills

Question 34

What is the primary goal of the therapist in person-centered therapy?

A) to facilitate transference
B) to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C) to provide unconditional positive regard
D) to help the client become more aware of his or her own feelings

Question 35

Gene says this to his psychoanalyst, "You are just like him--expecting me to find all the answers for myself. My father never gave me a clue as to what he expected and you do the same thing!" When Gene reacts to his therapist as though the therapist were a father figure it is called __________

A) insight.
B) resistance.
C) transference.
D) flooding.

Question 36

When a client reacts to an analyst with the same feelings (e.g., anger) that were present in another significant relationship, this is called __________

A) resistance.
B) dream analysis.
C) transference.
D) flooding.

Question 37

In transference, the patient may transfer her feelings for __________

A) her analyst onto herself.
B) her parents onto her analyst.
C) her parents onto herself.
D) herself onto her parents.

Question 38

Which of the following is a key component of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A) cognition
B) empathy
C) dream interpretation
D) unconditional positive regard

Question 39

According to this approach to therapy, people are innately good and will grow toward the realization of their inner potential.

A) person-centered
B) insight therapy
C) Gestalt therapy
D) interpersonal therapy

Question 40

Imagine if Sigmund Freud were to go to Carl Rogers for therapy. Freud's major complaint is depression due to distress over the lack of positive response to his theories. What is Rogers most likely to say during their session?

A) "You seem troubled by your clients' reaction to your work."
B) "Let's focus on your relationship with your father."
C) "Why do you think that everyone must appreciate your work?"
D) "Say the first thing that comes to your mind; don't censor anything because I want to know what is truly on your mind."

Question 41

This approach emphasizes the importance of client's fully experiencing, in the present moment, feelings, thoughts, and actions and then taking responsibility for them.

A) person-centered therapy
B) insight therapy
C) Gestalt therapy
D) interpersonal therapy

Question 42

Person-centered therapy is to __________ as Gestalt therapy is to __________

A) nondirective; psychoanalytic.
B) directive; nondirective.
C) nondirective; directive.
D) individual; group.

Question 43

John and his wife are having trouble communicating and getting along with one another. Which type of therapy is most likely to help them with their problems?

A) family
B) individual
C) self-help group
D) systematic desensitization

Question 44

The person-centered therapist has to be able to acknowledge and understand what the client is feeling and experiencing. This process is referred to as __________

A) conditions of worth.
B) empathy.
C) catharsis.
D) unconditional positive regard.

Question 45

Gestalt therapy is considered __________ because the therapist leads the client through a number of planned exercises as well as confronts the client's statements.

A) directive
B) nondirective
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Question 46

Gestalt therapy emphasizes __________

A) the present.
B) early childhood influences on adult behavior.
C) the role of unsatisfactory relationships in the development of maladaptive behaviors.
D) finding the initial causes of current problems.

Question 47

Most family therapists who work with couples concentrate on __________

A) exploring the marital partners' childhoods to understand the source of the current conflicts.
B) desensitization techniques to help the marital partners become more tolerant of each other.
C) changing the behavior of the person in the marriage who is the source of the couple's problems.
D) improving the couple's patterns of communication so they can find better ways of solving their problems.

Question 48

Gestalt therapy was developed from the work of __________

A) Lazarus.
B) Wolpe.
C) Rogers.
D) Perls.

Question 49

In Gestalt therapy, the therapist is __________ and __________

A) passive; nondirective.
B) passive; directive.
C) active; nondirective.
D) active; directive.

Question 50

Your friend tells you that his therapist is a Gestalt therapist. You ask him to describe what might happen in one of his therapy sessions. Which of the following is his most likely answer?

A) "I am asked by the therapist to relax and meditate."
B) "During the session I sometimes talk to an empty chair."
C) "The therapist asks me to describe the details of the dreams I have had recently."
D) "The therapist evaluates the factual basis of my statements to identify logical inconsistancies."

Question 51

The ultimate goal of Gestalt therapy is to help clients __________

A) achieve an integrated self.
B) relieve stress and the symptoms of their emotional burden.
C) recognize the impact that their family and society has had on their behavior.
D) become more self-critical and therefore more aware of their faulty adjustment.

Question 52

How is integrated behavioral couple therapy (IBCT) different from traditional behavioral couple therapy (TBCT)?

A) IBCT is nondirective and TBCT is directive.
B) IBCT works on changing emotions as well as behaviors while TBCT focuses on behavior change.
C) IBCT focuses on modifying irrational beliefs while TBCT focuses on behavior change.
D) IBCT is a form of person-centered therapy while TBCT is a type of interpersonal therapy.

Question 53

A goal of Gestalt therapy is to __________

A) correct irrational beliefs.
B) become more authentic and self-accepting.
C) make progress toward self-actualization.
D) examine early childhood experiences.

Question 54

What is a major goal of the Gestalt therapist?

A) to facilitate transference
B) to eliminate the client's undesirable behaviors
C) to provide unconditional positive regard
D) to help clients become more aware of their own feelings

Question 55

Family patterns of high expressed emotion, criticism, or hostility can be a problem when a family member has a medical condition such as __________

A) high blood pressure.
B) poor learning.
C) personality disorder.
D) schizophrenia.

Question 56

Of the following, which would a family therapy practitioner be least focused on?

A) the dynamics of the family unit
B) how family members communicate
C) attempting to uncover childhood experiences that explain a client's current difficulty
D) helping family members reach agreement on changes that will help the family unit

Question 57

Brian says to a friend, "I saw my therapist today. She wanted me to 'get in touch with my feelings' because she said I was 'carrying around a heavy load of unfinished business'." Mark's therapist is using the techniques of __________

A) cognitive therapy.
B) Gestalt therapist.
C) person-centered therapy.
D) psychoanalysis.

Question 58

During Gestalt therapy, what is the goal of having the client use the "empty chair" technique?

A) to deal with unfinished business
B) to make progress toward self-actualization
C) to learn more adaptive behaviors
D) to talk about problems face-to-face with another person

Question 59

Family counseling is a form of __________ therapy.

A) organic
B) group
C) self-help
D) informal

Question 60

Peggy is sitting and facing an empty chair. In this chair, she imagines, sits her mother whom she is telling how she feels about her. Later in her therapy, Peggy will switch chairs and imagine that her mother is talking to her. What type of therapy is Peggy receiving?

A) interpersonal therapy
B) psychoanalysis
C) person-centered therapy
D) Gestalt therapy

Question 61

A goal of family therapy is to __________

A) change the needs of individual family members.
B) improve family communication and interaction.
C) identify and treat the person in the family who is the source of the majority of the family's problems.
D) teach family members to remain neutral on sensitive issues.

Question 62

Approximately how many Americans participate in self-help groups?

A) 500,000
B) 1 million
C) 6 million
D) 12 million

Question 63

An advantage to group therapy is that groups __________

A) are a source of social support.
B) allow countertransference to occur.
C) bestow unconditional approval on group members.
D) allow an extremely shy person to feel more comfortable speaking up.

Question 64

Behavior therapists seek to reinforce desirable behavior in order to __________

A) increase its magnitude.
B) increase its duration.
C) increase its frequency.
D) control it.

Question 65

Terminating or withholding the reinforcement that is maintaining an undesired behavior will result in __________

A) controlling the consequences of a behavior.
B) extinction of an undesirable behavior.
C) punishment of an undesired behavior.
D) reinforcement of an undesired behavior.

Question 66

Craig is currently in therapy to help him stop smoking. His therapist is using learning techniques to help him modify his smoking habit and develop more desirable behaviors. Craig's therapist is using __________

A) behavior modification.
B) empty chair technique.
C) reflection.
D) selective thinking.

Question 67

A type of therapy in which clients meet regularly in a group setting and discuss problems under the guidance of a single therapist is called __________ therapy.

A) social
B) informal
C) group
D) Gestalt

Question 68

Behavior therapists take the approach that psychological problems are __________

A) a result of irrational beliefs.
B) due to the person not receiving unconditional positive regard.
C) a result of inappropriate learning.
D) caused by unresolved childhood conflicts.

Question 69

A group composed of people who have similar problems and who meet together without a therapist or counselor for the purpose of discussion, problem solving, and social and emotional support is called __________

A) family therapy.
B) individual therapy.
C) a self-help group.
D) a systematic desensitization group.

Question 70

Which technique removes a reinforcer to reduce the frequency of a behavior?

A) extinction
B) punishment
C) negative reinforcement
D) systematic desensitization

Question 71

Approximately how many self-help groups are currently operating in the United States?

A) 500,000
B) 1 million
C) 6 million
D) 12 million

Question 72

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviors?

A) learning
B) unconscious conflicts
C) distortions in thinking
D) discrepancy between the real self and ideal self

Question 73

Lydia is a divorced mother who attends meetings with peers who share the same problems and stressful situations. There is no professional facilitating these meetings. What type of sessions is Lydia attending?

A) individual therapy
B) family therapy
C) self-help group
D) assertiveness training

Question 74

Marla and Eddie are a married couple who both belong to Alcoholics Anonymous. They are participating in __________

A) group therapy.
B) interpersonal therapy.
C) a self-help group.
D) traditional behavioral couple therapy (TBCT).

Question 75

A major benefit of group therapy is __________

A) a person can vent and the fellow members of the group must accept whatever is said with unconditional support.
B) that it is relatively inexpensive since a trained therapist does not have to be in attendance.
C) a client does not have to share their feelings, but can learn from other's mistakes.
D) a person can reveal their fears and find that others share their problems, so that they do not feel so alone.

Question 76

Saleem has been seeing a therapist because she cannot adjust to her new husband's children from a previous marriage. Although she dearly loves her husband, she feels awkward and embarrassed in front of the children. The therapist suggests that she bring her husband and his children with her to the next session so she can see them interact. Saleem is probably seeing a __________

A) behavior therapist.
B) psychoanalyst.
C) Gestalt therapist.
D) family therapist.

Question 77

Therapeutic approaches that are based on the belief that all normal and abnormal behavior is learned are __________ therapies.

A) traditional psychodynamic
B) behavior
C) short-term psychodynamic
D) cognitive

Question 78

How are self-help groups different than group therapy?

A) Self-help groups are more expensive than group therapy.
B) Self-help groups are not led by professional therapists while group therapy is led by a trained therapist.
C) Self-help groups can focus on several different problems within in a group more effectively than group therapy.
D) Self-help groups are nondirective while group therapy is directive.

Question 79

This type of therapy uses learning principles to eliminate inappropriate or maladaptive responses and replace them with more adaptive ones.

A) an insight therapist
B) a behavior therapist
C) a Gestalt therapist
D) a group therapist

Question 80

Alcoholics Anonymous is a particularly well-known __________

A) psychoanalytic therapy group.
B) desensitization group.
C) self-help group.
D) structured behavior therapy group.