Deck 5: Health Institutions and Organizations in Canada

Question 1

The term medical gaze refers to:

A) The dehumanization of patients into objects for the generation of medical knowledge.
B) The physicians becoming the holders of specialized medical knowledge and holding almost complete authority over their patients in the medical decision-making process.
C) The depersonalization of patients into a group by making them similar to each other through clothing, restriction of mobility, and assignment of numbers that replace their names.
D) The look of bewilderment and confusion on patients' faces as they are provided with diagnoses and other medical information by the physician.

Answer 1

The dehumanization of patients into objects for the generation of medical knowledge.

Question 2

The laboratory medicine phase in the evolution of the production of medical knowledge was made possible by which invention?

A) The x-ray
B) The MRI magnetic resonance imaging)
C) The microscope
D) The hospital

Answer 2

The microscope

Question 3

Long-term care occurs in which locations)?

A) The patient's home
B) Residential care facility
C) Hospitals
D) All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

Neo-liberalism is an ideology that espouses embraces, supports) the state as responsible to ensure the health and safety of individuals.

Question 5

Teaching hospitals are the most prevalent hospitals in Canada.

Question 6

Which location is the generally preferred location of long-term care by Canadians?

A) Home
B) Nursing Homes
C) Hospitals
D) There is no difference in preference for location of care

Question 7

Pharmaceutical prescription drug) costs is the largest public health expenditure in Canada.

Question 8

According to the textbook, long-term care does NOT include:

A) Nurse-practitioner led clinics
B) Facility-based residential care
C) Home care
D) Hospitals through ALC alternative level of care)

Question 9

Prior to the recognition of asepsis, hospitals were considered to be places to go to die rather than places to be cured.

Question 10

According to the Clinical Institute for Health Information CIHI), in 2008-2009, the number of hospitalizations that were deemed inappropriate where patients who received acute care services instead of care from a long-term facility was?

A) 9,200
B) 92,000
C) 920,000
D) 9,200,000

Question 11

According to the textbook, the era of laboratory medicine is defined by:

A) The treatment of the patient as a whole.
B) The use of the microscope to identify pathogens.
C) Identification of the diseased organ or pathology.
D) The contracting out of laboratory services by hospitals to third party companies.

Question 12

Pharmaceuticals prescription drugs) account for the fastest growing health care expenditure in Canada.

Question 13

Which profession or occupation is generally not employed by the hospital where they work?

A) Nurses
B) Physicians
C) Occupational therapists
D) Pharmacists

Question 14

Historically, what factors) was were) NOT important in the push care toward hospitals?

A) Increases in expense medical technologies
B) Medical training
C) The rise of care for the poor
D) All were important factors historically for the push toward hospitals

Question 15

In Canada, which of the following are NOT likely to operate on a for-profit basis?

A) Nursing homes
B) Hospitals
C) Family health teams FHT)
D) Laboratories

Question 16

Which province has the lowest annual out-of-pocket costs for patients in long-term facilities?

A) Newfoundland
B) Ontario
C) Quebec
D) Saskatchewan

Question 17

The Bethlem Royal Hospital was established as the first hospital to treat which type of disease/illness?

A) Mental illness
B) Tuberculosis
C) Leprosy
D) Zika virus

Question 18

The dehumanizing aspect of disease diagnosis during the "hospital era" discussed by Foucault that disregards the patient is referred to as the):

A) Veterinary medicine
B) Medical gaze
C) Modern medicine
D) A protective mechanism that new physicians use to shield their emotions

Question 19

In the dual authority structure of hospitals, which profession is directly covered under the supervision of the hospital administration?

A) Clinical physicians
B) Research physicians
C) Nurses
D) Laboratory technicians

Question 20

Health care policy based on a neo-liberal philosophy will favour which of the following factors?

A) Reduction of wait times for necessary health services.
B) Reduction of public responsibility for individual health.
C) Increase of public responsibility for individual health.
D) Providing a standardization of care that is consistent for all patients based on a set protocol.

Question 21

Which of the listed models of primary care are principally funded by patient rostering?

A) Community health centres CHC)
B) Family health teams FHT)
C) Nurse-practitioner led clinics (NPLC)
D) All of the above

Question 22

Which of the listed models of primary care is generally composed of physicians?

A) Community health centres CHC)
B) Family health networks FHN)
C) Family health teams FHT)
D) Nurse-practitioner led clinics NPLC)

Question 23

In which province have community health centres CHCs) been most accepted and integrated into the provincial health care system?

A) British Columbia
B) Newfoundland and Labrador
C) Ontario
D) Quebec
E) Saskatchewan

Question 24

According to the text, in which province or territory were free-standing birth centres separate from hospitals) first implemented?

A) Newfoundland
B) Quebec
C) Saskatchewan
D) Yukon Territory

Question 25

In which province or territory is the Community Health Centre CHC) most prevalent and integrated into the delivery of health care?

A) Newfoundland
B) Quebec
C) Saskatchewan
D) Yukon Territory

Question 26

According to the 1978 WHO Alma Ata Declaration, which of the following is not a component of primary health care?

A) Health promotion
B) Vaccinations
C) Primary care services
D) Veterinarian services
E) Water fluoridation

Question 27

According to the textbook, which of the following is identified as one of the most important factors facilitating the shift from solo-practice among physicians to more group-based primary care models?

A) Cost efficiency of primary care practice.
B) More female physicians in primary care.
C) Shifts in reimbursement practices away from fee-for-service FFS).
D) Providing better coverage for patients.

Question 28

Which of the listed models of primary care have been operating in Canada since before the introduction of Medicaid?

A)Community health centres CHC)
B) Family health networks FHN)
C) Family health teams FHT)
D) Nurse-practitioner led clinics NPLC)

Question 29

Describe what is meant by dual authority in hospitals and how it influences medical staffing and patient care.

Question 30

Which of the listed models of primary care best integrate acute care with health promotion and prevention and chronic disease management?

A) Community health centres CHC)
B) Family health networks FHN)
C) Family health teams FHT)
D) Nurse-practitioner led clinics NPLC)

Question 31

New technologies that show promise in advancing health care in Canada include:

A) Microwaves
B) X-rays
C) Electronic medical records
D) Xenotransplantation

Question 32

Which of the following new technologies is having a large impact on health care service delivery in Canada?

A) Telemedicine
B) Electronic medical records
C) Cellphones
D) All are having a large impact on the delivery of health care services in Canada

Question 33

Why did the rise of laboratory medicine helped to solidify the superiority of physicians in the hierarchy of health care providers?

Question 34

Which animal has been identified as the most promising for xenotransplanation organ transplants from animals to humans)?

A) Cows
B) Pigs
C) Primates
D) Sheep

Question 35

Which of the following new technologies is NOT having a large impact on health care service delivery in Canada?

A) Telemedicine
B) Electronic medical records
C) Cellphones
D) Xenotransplanation

Question 36

Organ transplant is thought to be a cost-effective health care procedure.

Question 37

Describe the differences between Family Health Networks FHN) and Family Health Teams FHT). Which, in your opinion provides better overall patient care and why?