Deck 38: Degenerative Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving risedronate therapy.Which precautionary measure does the nurse provide the client?
1)Take the medication with water.
2)Take the medication in a sitting or upright position.
3)Both A and B.
4)None of the above.

Answer 1

3

Question 2

After assessing a client with spinal stenosis,the primary care provider orders immediate decompression surgery.Which symptom in the client did the primary care provider likely observe?
1)Diminished bowel and bladder function
2)Severe lower back pain
3)Pain walking up and down stairs
4)Diminished Achilles reflexes

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Which statement is true regarding rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
1)Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.
2)Osteoarthritis is mainly treated with methotrexate.
3)Osteoarthritis is less common than rheumatoid arthritis.
4)Rheumatoid arthritis affects mainly the proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The primary care provider recommends measuring the trabecular bone density in a client's spine.Which diagnostic test does the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe?
1)X-ray
2)Electromyography (EMG)
3)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)scan
4)Quantitative computed tomography (QCT)scan

Question 5

A client with osteoporosis was prescribed teriparatide therapy.Which outcome indicates the therapeutic effect of the medication has been achieved?
1)Reduced pain
2)Fortification of the bone
3)Reduced inflammation
4)Strengthening of the bone

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a client whose bone mineral density is -2 based on a T-score value,which compares the client's bone mineral density to the mean for young adult women.Which condition does this score indicate?
1)Osteomalacia
2)Osteopenia
3)Osteoporosis
4)Severe osteoporosis

Question 7

A client is diagnosed with degenerative disc disorder (DDD).Which form of physical therapy does the nurse anticipate the primary care provider will prescribe to reduce the movement of the spine and enhance the healing process?
1)Braces
2)Massage
3)Electrotherapies
4)Heat and cold packs

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a client with degenerative disc disease (DDD).Which outcome indicates effective chiropractic therapy?
1)The client's discs are realigned.
2)The client has diminished inflammation.
3)The client has decreased neuropathic pain.
4)The client has been relieved of pain caused by spinal nerve impingement.

Question 9

Which diagnostic technique is used to diagnose rickets?
1)Electromyography (EMG)
2)Bone mineral density (BMD)examination
3)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)scan
4)Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Question 10

Which class of medications are contraindicated for a client with Cushing's disease?
1)Glucocorticoids
2)Muscle relaxants
3)Calcium supplements
4)NSAIDs

Question 11

The nursing instructor is teaching student nurses about the various fluids of the musculoskeletal system.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates effective learning?
1)"Lubricin is a lubricating liquid present in a joint."
2)"Synovial fluid is a protein that acts as a lubricant for the bone surfaces of a joint."
3)"Chondrocytes synthesize proteoglycans fluid in the later stages of osteoarthritis."
4)"Edematous fluid accumulated in a joint affected by osteoarthritis makes the joint capsule less effective as a protector."

Question 12

Which condition in a client may cause cauda equina syndrome?
1)Celiac disease
2)Paget's disease
3)Cushing's disease
4)End-stage renal disease

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a client who has Bouchard's nodes.Which joints does the nurse anticipate to be swollen in this client?
1)Vertebral joints
2)Metacarpophalangeal joints
3)Distal interphalangeal joints
4)Proximal interphalangeal joints

Question 14

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students the causes of spinal nerve impingement.Which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?
1)"Herniated discs may cause spinal nerve impingement."
2)"Disc thickening may cause spinal nerve impingement."
3)"Osteocyte formation may cause spinal nerve impingement."
4)"Compression of the disc may cause spinal nerve impingement."

Question 15

The nurse observes that an older client has a hunched back.Which disorder does the nurse suspect?
1)Osteoporosis
2)Osteomalacia
3)Osteoarthritis
4)Spinal stenosis

Question 16

Which diagnostic test does the nurse expect the primary care provider to prescribe to confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis?
1)Electromyography (EMG)
2)Computed tomography (CT)scan
3)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)scan
4)Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)scan

Question 17

Which hormone indirectly helps in the formation of bone by stimulating muscle growth?
1)Testosterone
2)Calcitriol
3)Calcitonin
4)Parathyroid hormone

Question 18

A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia and undergoes therapy to correct the vitamin D deficiency and normalize phosphate levels.Which outcome indicates the successful completion of therapy?
1)The client does not experience any cervical back pain.
2)The client is able to walk up and down stairs comfortably.
3)The client does not report any numbness in the lower extremities.
4)The client reports normal bowel and bladder function.

Question 19

Which physiological process takes place more rapidly after an individual is 30 years of age?
1)Bone growth
2)Osteoblastic activity
3)Osteoclastic activity
4)All of the above

Question 20

The nursing instructor is teaching a group of student nurses about degenerative disc disease (DDD).Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?
1)"Degenerative disc disease occurs only in the cervical region of the vertebral column."
2)"Age-related degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs are the main causes of lower back pain."
3)"Males are more susceptible to lumbar degenerative disc disease."
4)"Onset of lumbar degenerative disc disease occurs most often between the ages of 30 and 50."

Question 21

Which disorders result from vitamin D deficiency? Select all that apply.
1)Rickets
2)Osteoporosis
3)Osteoarthritis
4)Osteomalacia
5)Spinal stenosis

Question 22

Why does the registered nurse instruct the parents of a young girl to reduce the use of sunblock and cover-ups with their child?
1)Overuse of sunblock and cover-ups will inhibit the production of estrogen.
2)Absorption of calcium by the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited by the overuse of sunblock and cover-ups.
3)The production of osteoblast cells is inhibited by the excessive use of sunblock and cover-ups.
4)The level of parathyroid hormone decreases with the excessive use of sunblock and cover-ups.