Question 1

A client undergoing chemotherapy for cancer asks the nurse how metoclopramide (Reglan)helps decrease nausea.The nurse considers which of the following facts when formulating a response?&#10;A) It decreases mobility in the entire gastrointestinal tract&#10;B) It improves orthograde motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract&#10;C) It decreases chemoreceptor stimulation&#10;D) It improves the body's response to chemotherapy&#10;

Accepted Answer

Metoclopramide (Reglan) works by improving the orthograde motility of the upper gastrointestinal tract, which can decrease nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy. It does not decrease mobility in the entire gastrointestinal tract, decrease chemoreceptor stimulation, or improve the body's response to chemotherapy.

Question 2

When teaching clients about laxatives,the nurse suggests that,although mineral oil is effective,it can be hazardous to their health.When asked for an explanation,the nurse states that mineral oil will do which of the following?

A) Decrease the absorption of digoxin
B) Increase the potential for bleeding
C) Produce severe cramping
D) Induce diarrhea

Increase the potential for bleeding

Accepted Answer

Increase the potential for bleeding

Question 3

The nurse concludes that which of the following adverse drug effects experienced by a client cannot be caused by diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil)?&#10;A) Diarrhea&#10;B) Drowsiness&#10;C) Dizziness&#10;D) Dry mouth&#10;

Accepted Answer

Diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil) is an antidiarrheal medication, so it cannot cause diarrhea as an adverse effect. The other three options are possible adverse effects of the medication.

Question 4

A client with candidiasis has an order for a clotrimazole (Mycelex)troche.The nurse would give the client which instruction about its use?&#10;A) Take the dose as a suppository when rising in the morning&#10;B) Apply a thin film over the ulcerated areas of mucous membrane&#10;C) Swish and then spit out the medication&#10;D) Let the medication dissolve slowly in the mouth&#10;

Accepted Answer

Clotrimazole troches are designed to be dissolved slowly in the mouth, allowing the medication to come into contact with the affected area (oral thrush) for as long as possible. Option A is incorrect because troches are not meant to be used as suppositories. Option B is incorrect because clotrimazole troches should not be applied topically to the mucous membrane. Option C is incorrect because the medication is not to be swallowed, but rather swished in the mouth and then spit out.

Question 5

To avoid intestinal impaction,the nurse administers psyllium (Metamucil)with at least how many milliliters of liquid?&#10;A) 60 mL&#10;B) 120 mL&#10;C) 160 mL&#10;D) 240 mL&#10;

Accepted Answer

To avoid intestinal impaction, psyllium (Metamucil) should be administered with at least 240 mL of liquid. This is because psyllium works by absorbing water, which helps to soften the stool and promote bowel regularity. Without enough liquid, psyllium can become compacted and may actually worsen constipation.

Question 6

The nurse explains to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease that omeprazole (Prilosec)has which of the following common adverse effects?&#10;A) Anemia&#10;B) Fatigue&#10;C) Stomach pain&#10;D) Increased risk of infection&#10;

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, commonly causes stomach pain as an adverse effect due to its action on reducing stomach acid production.

Question 7

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following conditions would be appropriately treated with a drug classified as a digestant?&#10;A) Cystic fibrosis&#10;B) Endocrine pancreatic enzyme deficiency state&#10;C) Acute pancreatitis&#10;D) Pancreatic proliferation&#10;

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis often leads to pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, and digestants (such as pancreatic enzyme replacements) are used to aid digestion in these patients.

Question 8

The nurse who is reviewing the medication profile of a client taking omeprazole (Prilosec)would become concerned about the risk of increased drug effects of which drug that the client is taking concurrently?

A) Warfarin (Coumadin)
B) Diazepam (Valium)
C) Phenytoin (Dilantin)
D) Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole can increase the effects of warfarin, a blood thinner, increasing the risk of bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client's blood clotting time closely and adjust the warfarin dosage as needed. Diazepam, phenytoin, and ketoconazole do not interact with omeprazole in a clinically significant way.

Question 9

When conducting client teaching about lactulose (Chronulac),the nurse includes that it is considered to be which type of laxative?&#10;A) Stimulant&#10;B) Saline&#10;C) Osmotic&#10;D) Lubricant&#10;

Accepted Answer

Lactulose (Chronulac) is considered an osmotic laxative, which works by drawing water into the colon to soften the stool and promote bowel movements.

Question 10

Which of the following laxatives does the nurse anticipate will be ordered as appropriate for a client who will undergo diagnostic testing of the bowel?&#10;A) Polyethylene glycol and electrolytes (GoLYTELY)&#10;B) Psyllium (Metamucil)&#10;C) Castor oil&#10;D) Lactulose (Chronulac)&#10;

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol and electrolytes (GoLYTELY) is a bowel preparation laxative commonly used before diagnostic testing and procedures of the bowel, such as colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. Psyllium (Metamucil) is a bulk-forming laxative used for constipation and not preparation for diagnostic testing. Castor oil is a stimulant laxative that causes cramping and is not commonly used as a bowel preparation laxative. Lactulose (Chronulac) is an osmotic laxative used for the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy in liver disease. It is not commonly used as a bowel preparation laxative.

Question 11

The nurse explains to a client taking nystatin (Mycostatin)that swishing and swallowing is encouraged to&#10;A) minimize irritation.&#10;B) increase oral mucosa contact.&#10;C) minimize vomiting.&#10;D) increase the detachment of mucosa&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains to a client taking...

Question 12

The nurse would have the greatest concern for adverse effects for which of the following clients prescribed to take cimetidine (Tagamet)?&#10;A) A 29-year-old with gastric reflux&#10;B) A 35-year-old who also has hypertension&#10;C) A 53-year-old with diabetes mellitus&#10;D) A 76-year-old with renal insufficiency&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse would have the greatest concern...

Question 13

The nurse assesses for which of the following adverse effects in a client who is taking famotidine (Pepcid)?&#10;A) Insomnia&#10;B) Dizziness&#10;C) Hypothermia&#10;D) Leukocytosis&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse assesses for which of the...

Question 14

The nurse explains to a client during a discussion of antacids that which of the following is a characteristic of aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta)?&#10;A) It coats the gastric mucosa&#10;B) It decreases stomach motility&#10;C) It elevates gastric pH&#10;D) It decreases duodenal pH&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains to a client during...

Question 15

A client who takes an antihypertensive drug at 0900 has a new drug order for an antacid three times daily.When scheduling the morning dose,the nurse should select which of the following times as optimal?

A) 0700
B) 0800
C) 0900
D) 1000

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who takes an antihypertensive drug...

Question 16

The nurse plans to assess a client taking an antacid containing aluminum for which of the following adverse effects?&#10;A) Diarrhea&#10;B) Constipation&#10;C) Gastrointestinal upset&#10;D) Ulcers&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse plans to assess a client...

Question 17

The nurse withholds a dose and notifies the prescriber for which drug that is contraindicated for clients taking antacids?&#10;A) Gentamicin (Garamycin)&#10;B) Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)&#10;C) Tetracycline (Achromycin)&#10;D) Furosemide (Lasix)&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse withholds a dose and notifies...

Question 18

As part of general nursing knowledge,the nurse is aware that which characteristic of the stomach affects drug absorption?&#10;A) pH&#10;B) Muscle tone&#10;C) Peristalsis&#10;D) Volume capacity&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of As part of general nursing knowledge,the nurse...

Question 19

A client demonstrates an understanding of the mechanism of action for loperamide (Imodium)by stating that it leads to which of the following?&#10;A) An increase in intestinal excretion of water&#10;B) An increase in intestinal motility&#10;C) A decrease in peristalsis in the intestinal wall&#10;D) A decrease in the reabsorption of water in the bowel&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client demonstrates an understanding of the...

Question 20

The nurse working in a well-child clinic is giving instructions to an adolescent about how to use a fluoridated mouthwash to prevent dental caries.The nurse shares which of the following points with the client?

A) Use the fluoridated mouthwash three times daily
B) Use the mouthwash before brushing to loosen plaque
C) Rinse the mouth for 1 minute,then spit out the mouthwash
D) Wait at least 15 minutes before eating or drinking after using the mouthwash

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse working in a well-child clinic...

Question 21

The nurse anticipates that a client with chronic pancreatitis will not be in favor of drug therapy with pancrelipase (Pancrease)if the client does not eat which of the following?&#10;A) Milk products&#10;B) Pork&#10;C) Eggs&#10;D) Shellfish&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse anticipates that a client with...

Question 22

The nurse notes that the pharmacy has delivered polyethylene glycol (GoLYTELY)to the nursing unit.The nurse anticipates that this client will be undergoing which of the following?&#10;A) Liver biopsy&#10;B) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy&#10;C) Speech and swallowing evaluation&#10;D) Colonoscopy&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse notes that the pharmacy has...

Question 23

After noting that a client newly admitted to the hospital has a drug order for pancrelipase (Pancrease),the nurse checks the client's medical record for a history of which of the following disorders?&#10;A) Acute pancreatitis&#10;B) Cholecystitis&#10;C) Cystic fibrosis&#10;D) Multiple sclerosis&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of After noting that a client newly admitted...

Question 24

A client has received a dose of ondansetron (Zofran).The nurse evaluates the client to determine whether which of the following symptoms has been relieved?&#10;A) Nausea and vomiting&#10;B) Constipation&#10;C) Diarrhea&#10;D) Abdominal cramping&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client has received a dose of...

Question 25

A client with gallbladder disease has a new drug order for ursodiol (Actigall).After reading the client's radiology report,the nurse determines that this drug is likely to be effective if the client has which type of gallstones?

A) Calcified cholesterol stones
B) Small,floatable cholesterol stones
C) Bile pigment stones
D) Radiopaque stones

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with gallbladder disease has a...

Question 26

The nurse who sees a new drug order for misoprostol (Cytotec)suspects that the client has a history of taking which of the following other medications?&#10;A) Albuterol (Proventil)&#10;B) Ibuprofen (Motrin)&#10;C) NPH insulin (Humulin-N)&#10;D) Lisinopril (Prinivil)&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse who sees a new drug...

Question 27

A client with a peptic ulcer has an order for sucralfate (Carafate).The client states he eats breakfast daily at 0730.The nurse should teach the client to take the first dose of the day at what time?&#10;A) 0630&#10;B) 0700&#10;C) 0730&#10;D) 0800&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with a peptic ulcer has...

Question 28

A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has an order for dronabinol (Marinol).The nurse would look for which of the following as a sign of medication effectiveness?&#10;A) Absence of constipation or diarrhea&#10;B) Relief of abdominal cramping&#10;C) Increased appetite&#10;D) Healing of oral lesions&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has...

Question 29

The nurse would refuse to administer a dose of a newly ordered drug,misoprostol (Cytotec),if the client had which of the following conditions?&#10;A) Liver disease&#10;B) Renal insufficiency&#10;C) Pregnancy&#10;D) Heart failure&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse would refuse to administer a...

Question 30

The nurse would be concerned about cross-sensitivity to sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)if the client stated an allergy to which of the following drugs?&#10;A) Thiazide diuretics&#10;B) Digoxin&#10;C) Insulin&#10;D) $\beta$-adrenergic blockers

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse would be concerned about cross-sensitivity...

Question 31

A client tells the nurse that the doctor prescribed a Prevpac for a duodenal ulcer and asks what it is.The nurse would include that this drug regimen consists of which of the following? A) An antacid,an antimicrobial,and an H₂-receptor blocker B) An antimicrobial,an H₂-receptor blocker,and a proton pump inhibitor C) A H₂-receptor blocker,a proton pump inhibitor,and an antacid D) A proton pump inhibitor and two antimicrobials

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client tells the nurse that the...

Question 32

The nurse has an order to give the client diphenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil)on an as-needed basis.The nurse would plan to administer a dose when the client reports which of the following?&#10;A) Indigestion&#10;B) Lower abdominal pain&#10;C) Diarrhea&#10;D) Constipation&#10;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse has an order to give...

Deck 40: Drugs Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract