Deck 12: Individual Care

Question 1

What is meant by the phrase "individuals are more than the mere sum of their parts"?

A)Systems theory
B)Homeostasis
C)Holism
D)Positive feedback

Answer 1

Holism

Question 2

A basic need can make itself felt by either external or internal stimuli.What would be an example of external stimuli?

A)A television advertisement for hamburgers
B)Thinking about food and feeling hungry
C)Having a respiratory infection and finding it difficult to breathe
D)Deferring the need for independence during an acute illness

Answer 2

A television advertisement for hamburgers

Question 3

Which of the following situations best demonstrates an imbalance in psychological homeostasis?

A)An adult who is homeless for the second time in his life
B)An adolescent who receives kind but firm and consistent discipline
C)A child whose parents model their customs and values and reward the child for similar behaviour
D)An adult who is presently frustrated in his work environment,but has satisfying life experiences

Answer 3

An adult who is homeless for the second time in his life

Question 4

Why are all living systems,such as plants,animals,people,families,and communities,known as open systems according to general systems theory?

A)They are all stable entities and do not undergo change.
B)They do not exchange information with the environment.
C)There are no boundaries in these open systems.
D)Their survival depends on a continuous exchange of energy.

Question 5

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs,which level of needs must be met before a person can focus upon safety and security needs?

A)Physiological
B)Self-esteem
C)Love and belonging
D)Self-actualization

Question 6

What was the sixth level of Maslow's hierarchy added by Kalish?

A)Need for closeness
B)Need for knowledge
C)Stimulation needs
D)Basic human needs

Question 7

Which nursing action is demonstrating the best example of holism?

A)Considers how a client's diabetes control will be affected by a job loss
B)Makes sure to do thorough client teaching regarding medications
C)Is careful to follow physician orders for treatment on schedule
D)Offers emotional support when the client is deciding about cancer treatment

Question 8

What is an advantage of von Bertalanffy's general systems theory?

A)Von Bertalanffy's theory is specifically concerned with health care.
B)It is universal in that it can be applied to many fields of study.
C)It has replaced the germ theory of disease.
D)The theory was developed to help nurses meet clients' psychosocial needs.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a deferred need?

A)Thinking about food,which stimulates hunger and the need for food
B)Enrolling in an oil painting class for beginners
C)Withdrawing from college until recovery from an illness is complete
D)Having a respiratory infection for two weeks

Question 10

What is the purpose of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?

A)The client gives the nurse feedback about the quality of care given.
B)It reflects whether or not interventions allowed goals to be achieved.
C)The evaluation phase outlines what interventions the nurse needs to do for the client.
D)It gives the final diagnosis and prognosis for the client.

Question 11

A client is having difficulty with feelings of self-loathing and disgust after being sexually assaulted.According to Maslow's human needs theory,with which level is she struggling?

A)Physiological
B)Safety and security
C)Love and belonging
D)Self-esteem

Question 12

What is a major sociological influence for developing health problems?

A)Poverty
B)Family history
C)Lack of daily exercise
D)A person's age

Question 13

Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs,which statement characterizes a self-actualized person?

A)"I will look like a fool if I admit that my idea is not working."
B)"I have listened to everyone,but I still have to do what I think is right."
C)"I have a driving need to change the world."
D)"I don't want any changes made from the way it has always been."

Question 14

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs,how is the self-actualized person described?

A)Is other-directed
B)Possesses above-normal intelligence
C)Has a future-time orientation
D)Has realized his or her full potential

Question 15

Which of the following clients is exhibiting a level of Kalish's adaptation of Maslow's hierarchy?

A)Jon,who has a homosexual encounter for the first time
B)Yvette,who has a need to participate in school sports and be "on the team"
C)Mark,who strives to become the CEO of a company
D)Lorna,who is sleep deprived because of musculoskeletal discomfort

Question 16

What is the process by which a rise in blood sugar temporarily shuts off insulin secretion?

A)Positive feedback
B)A closed system
C)An open system
D)Negative feedback

Question 17

Mrs.Gomez,38,has early-stage cardiovascular disease.What would be the nurse's best response when Mrs.Gomez questions the need for information about the health of her estranged parents?

A)"Knowing the stressors of your family situation will help us care for you in a holistic manner."
B)"If this conversation is difficult for you,we can discuss these matters at a later date."
C)"Some cardiovascular problems are hereditary,and your family history will help us care for you."
D)"The doctor has asked us to take a family history,and it is a requirement of admission to this unit."

Question 18

Ms.Rivera,48,is living in a women's shelter after leaving an abusive relationship.Which of the following statements would illustrate her use of health promoting coping mechanisms?

A)"In my country,the man is always the boss.That's why I let the abuse go on for so long."
B)"The people who are my support system all live back home in Puerto Rico."
C)"I used to run in marathons,but now I don't have the energy to walk around the block."
D)"I am finally my own boss and have made positive contacts here at the shelter."

Question 19

Psychologic homeostasis is maintained by a variety of mechanisms.Which of the following clients is the most likely candidate to reach psychologic homeostasis?

A)A child who is used to getting ready for school alone
B)A teenager whose circle of friends includes single parents of the same age
C)An elderly person who has just moved to a long-term care facility
D)A young adult who is in a long-term relationship

Question 20

When blood volume is lost,the blood pressure falls and the heart rate increases to counteract the loss of pressure.This illustrates which aspect of the homeostatic mechanism?

A)Decompensation
B)Compensation
C)Self-regulation
D)Equilibrium

Question 21

Mr.Umlah,34,has been admitted to a mental health inpatient unit.His history includes unemployment,homelessness,deceased parents,and foster care.What might the nurse learn by using the developmental stage theory framework during the admission assessment?

A)Any change in one part of his life will impact on all other areas of his life.
B)The culture of living on the street will impact on his ability to take on adult roles.
C)The need for safety and security was not met,and he has difficulty developing career aspirations.
D)He was unable to gain a stable sense of personal identity and may have difficulty with adult roles.

Question 22

What is the term used to describe a person's total character,self-identity,and perceptions?

A)Self-regulation
B)Psychological balance
C)Holism
D)Individuality

Question 23

Julie,19,has entered an addiction treatment program.She commits crimes to support her drug habit,and discloses that she "mostly raised herself" because of her parents' addictions.According to Maslow's theory,what should the nurse understand?

A)The need for safety and security was met in an unhealthy manner.
B)The self-actualization need was unmet,and Julie turned to street drugs.
C)Julie could be considered an example of a closed system.
D)Julie is acting outside of her developmental stage.

Question 24

Between 1986 and 2006,the trend in Canada was to higher levels of education in the population.How did this impact nursing practice?

A)It created an educational imbalance between nurses and the people they care for.
B)There has been a decline in public participation in decisions about health care.
C)Clients are now requesting more information about health and health care.
D)People are refusing to participate in health-promoting activities.

Question 25

Why would a family be considered a system?

A)Dependent members all work toward goals.
B)No boundaries regulate input and output.
C)They interact with community systems.
D)Families are open or closed,like systems.

Question 26

What is the term used to describe an active method of problem solving developed to meet life's challenges?

A)Health beliefs
B)Intelligence
C)Self-actualized
D)Coping mechanisms

Question 27

What significance do the terms developmental,gender or race,hereditary,culture,sociological,and lifestyle factors have to a nurse?

A)Developmental stages
B)Risk assessment
C)Hierarchy of needs
D)Systems theory

Question 28

Mrs.Etherington has been admitted for emergency abdominal surgery.The nurse has identified some risk factors during the admission assessment which could put her at risk for post-operative complications.Which of the following would be considered a developmental risk factor?

A)She has lived alone since her husband's death six months ago.
B)Mrs.Etherington will be 80 years old in two weeks.
C)Her father died of heart disease at 50 years of age.
D)Mrs.Etherington developed diabetes at age 45.