Deck 15: A: Adolescence

Question 1

The term menarche refers to the

A) onset of male sexual potency.
B) first menstrual period.
C) development of the primary sex characteristics.
D) cessation of menstruation.

Answer 1

first menstrual period.

Question 2

A student who does not cheat on tests because he doesn't want to violate classroom rules is in Kohlberg's ________ stage.

A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Answer 2

conventional

Question 3

The speed of neurotransmission in the frontal lobe increases during adolescence due to the growth of

A) myelin.
B) the self-concept.
C) the pituitary gland.
D) secondary sex characteristics.

Answer 3

myelin.

Question 4

Who analyzed people's answers to moral dilemmas for evidence of different stages of moral reasoning?

A) Erik Erikson
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Jean Piaget
D) Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 5

There is some evidence that as adults, girls who experienced ________ may exhibit more apprehensive responses to male faces and voices.

A) infantile amnesia
B) secure attachments
C) egocentrism
D) early puberty

Question 6

Like Piaget, Kohlberg emphasized that children's moral judgments build on their

A) cognitive development.
B) social development.
C) physical development.
D) economic development.

Question 7

Formal operational thought is MOST necessary for the development of ________ morality.

A) preoperational
B) conventional
C) preconventional
D) postconventional

Question 8

A male's first ejaculation

A) almost always produces feelings of guilt.
B) typically facilitates habituation.
C) usually occurs as a nocturnal emission.
D) signifies a physical readiness to father children.

Question 9

The improved judgment and impulse control that occur as adolescents grow older is made possible by the development of

A) primary sex characteristics.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) the frontal lobes.
D) the limbic system.

Question 10

Vincent's ability to reason hypothetically in his geometry class indicates that he is in the ________ stage of development.

A) concrete operational
B) formal operational
C) preconventional
D) postconventional

Question 11

"If you're really concerned about the rights and dignity of women," Yigal asked his older brother, "how can you justify buying pornographic magazines?" Yigal's question indicates that he is in the ________ stage of development.

A) formal operational
B) conventional
C) preconventional
D) concrete operational

Question 12

Henry disapproves of stealing jelly beans from his sister's Easter basket because he thinks his mother will spank him if he does. Henry best represents a ________ morality.

A) conventional
B) preconventional
C) concrete operational
D) postconventional

Question 13

Who is likely to be the most popular student in the fifth-grade class?

A) Helmut, who is the tallest boy in the class
B) Jeff, who is the statistician for the basketball team
C) Hara, who is below average in height and physical maturity
D) Sally, who is the most sexually mature girl in the class

Question 14

Nonreproductive sexual characteristics such as the deepened male voice and male facial hair are called

A) telomeres.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) primary sex characteristics.
D) teratogens.

Question 15

Which of the following phases of development extends from the beginnings of sexual maturity to independent adulthood?

A) puberty
B) adolescence
C) menopause
D) menarche

Question 16

According to Kohlberg, morality based on a desire to uphold the laws of society is characteristic of the ________ stage.

A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Question 17

An example of a primary sex characteristic is a

A) woman's ovaries.
B) man's larynx.
C) woman's breasts.
D) man's adrenal glands.

Question 18

Boys who are stronger and more athletic during their early teen years tend to be ________ independent and ________ at risk for alcohol use and delinquency.

A) less; less
B) more; more
C) less; more
D) more; less

Question 19

The term puberty refers to the period of

A) formal operations and the development of conventional morality.
B) late adolescence when self-identity is formed.
C) rapid physical development and the onset of reproductive capability.
D) sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent.

Question 20

Which theory would most likely suggest that children often take turns passing and shooting a basketball because they want to avoid having others angry at them, whereas adolescents often do so because they want to play the game the way it's supposed to be played?

A) Erikson's psychosocial development theory
B) Piaget's cognitive development theory
C) Harlows' attachment theory
D) Kohlberg's moral development theory

Question 21

Preconventional morality is to postconventional morality as ________ is to ________.

A) caring relationship; ethical principles
B) self-interest; social approval
C) social approval; self-interest
D) self-interest; ethical principles

Question 22

Killing one person in order to save five by throwing a switch that diverts a runaway trolley is judged as more morally acceptable than killing one person in order to save five by pushing a stranger directly into the path of the oncoming trolley. This best illustrates that moral judgments may reflect

A) post conventional reasoning.
B) gut-level intuitions.
C) stranger anxiety.
D) formal operational thought.

Question 23

Today's character education programs teach children to experience

A) habituation.
B) object permanence.
C) empathy.
D) maturation.

Question 24

Parent-child conflict during the transition to adolescence tends to be ________ with the first-born rather than second-born children. The conflict tends to be ________ between children and their mothers than between children and their fathers.

A) stronger; stronger
B) weaker; weaker
C) stronger; weaker
D) weaker; stronger

Question 25

According to Erikson, adolescents who are unable to develop a sense of identity experience

A) postconventional morality.
B) role confusion.
C) egocentrism.
D) dementia.

Question 26

Fred has no meaningful occupational goals and has switched college majors several times. Erikson would have suggested that Fred lacks

A) identity.
B) initiative.
C) autonomy.
D) industry.

Question 27

Giving up immediate rewards to achieve longer-term goals is called

A) habituation.
B) accommodation.
C) delay of gratification.
D) terminal decline.

Question 28

According to Erikson, later adulthood is to integrity as young adulthood is to

A) autonomy.
B) initiative.
C) intimacy.
D) identity.

Question 29

When surrounded by men, a woman may become mindful of her gender because ________ often forms around one's distinctiveness.

A) social identity
B) a secure attachment
C) egocentrism
D) object permanence

Question 30

Erikson suggested that the capacity to form close, loving relationships in young adulthood depended on

A) demonstrating generativity.
B) developing a sense of integrity.
C) mastering formal operational thinking.
D) achieving a sense of identity.

Question 31

As individuals progress through their teen years into early adulthood, their self-concepts typically become

A) less personalized and unique.
B) more fluid and changeable.
C) less integrated.
D) more positive.

Question 32

"Facebook fatigue" is most likely to be experienced by adolescents who become overly absorbed by

A) imprinting.
B) social networking.
C) stranger anxiety.
D) postconventional morality.

Question 33

Lolita vacillates between acting rebellious toward her parents and high school teachers and behaving with compliance and respect. Erikson would have suggested that Lolita's inconsistency illustrates

A) stranger anxiety.
B) role confusion.
C) egocentrism.
D) terminal decline.

Question 34

Which perspective emphasizes that automatic feelings often precede and influence our moral reasoning?

A) Kohlberg's moral development perspective
B) Haidt's intuitionist perspective
C) Harlow's attachment perspective
D) Erikson's psychosocial perspective

Question 35

Adolescents and their parents are most likely to have disagreements regarding

A) religious beliefs.
B) career choices.
C) college choices.
D) homework.

Question 36

Piaget is to cognitive development as Erikson is to ________ development.

A) moral
B) physical
C) emotional
D) psychosocial

Question 37

Kohlberg's critics have noted that a postconventional level of morality is most likely to be found among people who value

A) individualism.
B) conservation.
C) authoritarian parenting.
D) simple equality rather than equity.

Question 38

According to Erikson, committing oneself to meaningful social roles would be most indicative of the achievement of

A) autonomy.
B) competence.
C) initiative.
D) identity.

Question 39

According to Erikson, infancy is to trust as adolescence is to

A) autonomy.
B) identity.
C) generativity.
D) integrity.

Question 40

Much of our psychological reasoning occurs on the "low road" of automatic unconscious thinking. This best illustrated by our

A) critical periods.
B) moral intuitions.
C) formal operations.
D) longitudinal studies.

Question 41

Allowing 26-year-olds to remain on their parents' health insurance illustrates an increasing recognition of a phase of life called

A) adolescence.
B) a critical period.
C) emerging adulthood.
D) the midlife crisis.

Question 42

Which of the following is TRUE of adolescence today as compared with a century ago?

A) Menarche occurs later in life, and adult independence occurs later in life.
B) Menarche occurs earlier in life, and adult independence occurs earlier in life.
C) Menarche occurs later in life, and adult independence occurs earlier in life.
D) Menarche occurs earlier in life, and adult independence occurs later in life.

Question 43

Compared with 40 years ago, in the United States today people are likely to

A) establish their adult careers at an earlier age.
B) marry for the first time at a later age.
C) live separately from their parents at an earlier age.
D) experience their first menstrual period at a later age.