Question 1

An OTA is working with an adult who has experienced a CVA. The client is frequently upset because he cannot find the call button on the bed, the drink on his lunch tray, and his shirts in the closet. Which visual deficit is the client most likely experiencing?

A) Visual closure
B) Visual memory
C) Figure-ground
D) Diplopia

Figure-ground

Accepted Answer

The client is likely experiencing figure-ground visual deficit, which involves difficulty distinguishing a figure from the background in which it resides. This would explain the difficulty in locating objects like the call button, drink, and shirts against their respective backgrounds.

Question 2

An OTA is working with a client who is experiencing diplopia after a TBI and is turning his head to one side to compensate for issues with his visual field because his eye is turning in toward his nose. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

A) VI
B) IV
C) III
D) V

VI

Accepted Answer

The VI cranial nerve, also known as the Abducens nerve, is responsible for controlling the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye. When this nerve is affected, it can lead to an inability to move the eye outward, resulting in the eye turning inward towards the nose, a condition known as esotropia, which can cause diplopia (double vision). This scenario aligns with the symptoms described.

Question 3

When diagnosed with a vision loss, what is a client most at risk for in the area of IADLs?&#10;A) Inability to complete laundry tasks&#10;B) Safety issues&#10;C) Boredom&#10;D) Inability to perform childcare

Accepted Answer

Inability to complete laundry tasks

Question 4

A 34-year-old client has experienced damage to the area anterior to the optic chiasm due to a motor vehicle accident. What will this client most likely experience?&#10;A) Hemianopsia&#10;B) Diplopia&#10;C) Blindness&#10;D) Homonymous hemianopsia

Accepted Answer

Damage to the area anterior to the optic chiasm, such as from a motor vehicle accident, can lead to blindness. This is because the optic nerves, which carry visual information from the eyes to the brain, converge at the optic chiasm. Damage before this point (anterior) can affect both eyes' ability to transmit visual information, potentially leading to blindness.

Question 5

Which activity might be most difficult for an elderly adult with macular degeneration?&#10;A) Reading a prescription bottle&#10;B) Driving to the grocery store&#10;C) Pulling weeds from the garden&#10;D) Cooking

Accepted Answer

Macular degeneration affects central vision, which is used for reading. Therefore, reading a prescription bottle may be the most difficult activity for an elderly adult with this condition.

Question 6

A client with macular degeneration would like to resume reading, a favorite hobby of hers. Which technique would best meet the needs of this client?&#10;A) Using finger guiding to keep her place&#10;B) Using a voice option for books on an e-reader&#10;C) Offering the client large-print books&#10;D) Having the client scan to the left

Accepted Answer

Using a voice option for books on an e-reader would be the best option as it would allow the client to listen to the book instead of relying on vision, which is impacted by macular degeneration. Finger guiding and scanning to the left may be helpful for some clients with vision loss, but they may not be as effective for this specific client. Large-print books may still be difficult for the client with macular degeneration to read.

Question 7

An OTA is working with an elderly client who is experiencing low vision after a CVA. The client has a favorite room that she enjoys knitting in and is upset that she is no longer able to perform this task because there is not enough light for her to see her knitting needles. What strategy would most likely benefit this client?

A) Placing a lamp by her chair to provide more light
B) Having the client move to a different room to knit
C) Looking into contrasting colors for the needles and yarn
D) Having her sit outside to knit

Accepted Answer

Placing a lamp by her chair to provide more light would benefit this client by increasing the amount of light available for her to see her knitting needles. This could allow her to continue engaging in her favorite hobby and maintain her sense of independence and enjoyment. The other options (moving to a different room, looking into contrasting colors, and sitting outside) may not address the client's specific issue with low vision and lack of light, and may not be practical or desirable for the client.

Question 8

An OTA is working with a client who is experiencing diabetic retinopathy and has trouble seeing objects on days when she does not manage her blood sugar as well. What can the OTA do to best assist this client?

A) Educate the client on proper diet and management of her blood sugar.
B) Educate the client on accessibility settings so that she can use the computer.
C) Provide adaptive tools for the kitchen to allow independence with cooking.
D) Report the lack of blood sugar control to the physician.

Accepted Answer

Diabetic retinopathy is caused by uncontrolled high blood sugar levels. Therefore, educating the client on proper diet and management of blood sugar is crucial in managing this condition.

Question 9

A 52-year-old client sustained a TBI in a motor vehicle accident. He presents with a visual field deficit; however, he is experiencing perceptual completion. Which IADL task should the OTA be most concerned about when educating the client?

A) Managing money
B) Community mobility
C) Household chores
D) Reading

Accepted Answer

DPerceptual completion, where the brain fills in gaps in the visual field, can significantly impact tasks requiring visual accuracy and spatial awareness. Community mobility (B) involves navigating through various environments, where missing visual information can lead to accidents or getting lost. Reading (D) relies heavily on visual input, and gaps in the visual field can disrupt the ability to read fluently or understand text, making these tasks particularly challenging for someone with a visual field deficit experiencing perceptual completion.

Question 10

A client with a newly diagnosed vision deficit confides in the OTA that she is feeling anxious about rejoining the community and are unsure about how she will continue to participate in her roles. What can the OTA do to best assist this client?

A) Provide the client with adaptive equipment to support her roles.
B) Suggest to the client's family that they spend more time with the client in the community.
C) Provide the client information on a support group for people with low vision.
D) Stay in the home until the deficit resolves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with a newly diagnosed vision...

Deck 10: Vision and Visual Perception