Deck 4: Tissues

Question 1

Cells lining the digestive tube are characteristic of this tissue category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The major function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium is

A) secretion.
B) filtration.
C) protection.
D) absorption.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which one of the following basic types of tissues functions as a covering tissue for the body?

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which category of tissue is characterized by cells that have adhesion proteins and specialized cell-to-cell junctions?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 5

The thinnest type of epithelium is

A) simple squamous.
B) pseudostratified columnar.
C) stratified squamous.
D) stratified columnar.

Question 6

An epithelium in which the basal layer of cells is cuboidal and the apical layer has cells that are thin, flat and irregular in shape is a ________ epithelium.

A) stratified squamous
B) simple columnar
C) stratified cuboidal
D) simple cuboidal

Question 7

Cancer occurs when cells multiply excessively, forming malignant neoplasms. Which characteristic of epithelium makes it the most common type of tissue involved in cancer?

A) specialized cell junctions
B) polarity
C) avascularity
D) high regenerative capacity
E) supportive connective tissue

Question 8

Which of the following provides the least resistance to diffusion?

A) simple columnar epithelium
B) simple cuboidal epithelium
C) simple squamous epithelium
D) stratified squamous epithelium

Question 9

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter on the diagram indicates motile structural elements of the epithelial membrane?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 10

Of the following, the tissue with the greatest capacity for regeneration is

A) skeletal muscle.
B) neurons.
C) epithelium.
D) smooth muscle.

Question 11

Using your knowledge of tissues of the body, which type of tissue do you deduce is located on the anterior surface of a person's eyeball?

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous

Question 12

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the epithelium?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 13

Which of the following is not a characteristic of epithelia?

A) highly cellular with little extracellular matrix
B) innervated
C) specialized cell-cell junctions
D) vascular

Question 14

Which major tissue category includes tissues that function in secretion, absorption, and filtration?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 15

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the basement membrane?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 16

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the connective tissue layer?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 17

Simple squamous epithelia would not provide

A) protection from abrasion.
B) diffusion.
C) filtration.
D) secretion.

Question 18

The major function of stratified squamous epithelium is

A) diffusion.
B) absorption.
C) filtration.
D) protection from abrasion.

Question 19

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates microvilli?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 20

Pseudostratified columnar is one of the tissues of this category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 21

Which of the following is true regarding apical surface features of epithelium?

A) Microvilli are highly motile apical extensions that bend and move in coordinated waves.
B) Cilia are most prominent in epithelium that absorbs nutrients.
C) Microvilli are longer and more flexible than cilia.
D) Cilia move in a specific sequence in order to move fluid along the epithelium surface in only one direction.
E) The primary function of cilia is to increase surface area.

Question 22

The difference between a basal lamina and a basement membrane is that

A) the basal lamina is thicker.
B) they lie on opposite surfaces of the epithelium.
C) a basal lamina plus a layer of reticular fibers equals a basement membrane.
D) only the basal lamina can be seen by light microscopy.

Question 23

A stratified epithelium that thins and flattens as the tissue stretches is a

A) pseudostratified epithelium.
B) stratified cuboidal epithelium.
C) stratified squamous epithelium.
D) transitional epithelium.

Question 24

A structure that secretes hormones into the blood is

A) a plasma cell.
B) a goblet cell.
C) an endocrine gland.
D) an exocrine gland.

Question 25

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates a cellular junction that prevents molecules from passing between epithelial cells?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 26

The distinguishing characteristic between tight junctions and adherens junctions is that

A) adherens junctions attach to the actin myofilaments of the cytoskeleton, whereas tight junctions do not.
B) adherens junctions involve integral membrane proteins, whereas tight junctions do not.
C) tight junctions are present near apical lateral borders, whereas adherens junctions are located near basal lateral borders.
D) tight junctions involve fusion of proteins on adjacent cells, whereas adherens junctions create tunnels between adjacent cells.

Question 27

A common example of a unicellular exocrine gland is

A) a fibroblast.
B) any hormone-secreting cell.
C) an endothelial cell.
D) a goblet cell.

Question 28

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates junctions commonly associated with tissues under mechanical stress?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 29

The type of cell junction that closes off the space between epithelial cells, thereby limiting the passage of small molecules, is the

A) tight junction.
B) adherens junction.
C) desmosome.
D) gap junction.

Question 30

Cell junctions occur in which plasma membrane of epithelial cells?

A) apical
B) lateral
C) nuclear
D) basal lamina

Question 31

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the cytoplasmic protein fiber that connects desmosomes?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 32

The basement membrane of the epithelial lining of capillaries in the kidney can thicken over time in patients with untreated diabetes mellitus. What could be a consequence of this thickening?

A) Substances would have a difficult time traveling between the capillaries and the functional structures of the kidney, leading to a failure of the kidney to function.
B) Substances would travel more easily between the capillaries and functional structures of the kidney.
C) The kidney would become more structurally stable due to the excess tissue in the basement membrane.
D) The epithelium of these capillaries would change from stratified squamous to stratified columnar as the basement membrane thickens.

Question 33

A highly branched gland whose walls do not balloon into spherical sacs is called

A) compound alveolar.
B) compound tubular.
C) compound tubuloalveolar.
D) simple branched alveolar.

Question 34

What do goblet cells secrete?

A) enzymes
B) histamine
C) mucin
D) antibodies

Question 35

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates the acellular layer that acts as a selective filter and a scaffold for regenerating epithelial cells?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 36

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions.
Which letter indicates tunnel-like junctions in the lateral membranes of adjacent epithelial cells?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 37

When unstretched, transitional epithelium looks most like ________ epithelium.

A) simple squamous
B) pseudostratified columnar
C) stratified squamous
D) stratified cuboidal

Question 38

Despite their name, many types of cell junction are not very strong at joining and holding cells together. The cell junctions that best keep cells from being pulled apart are

A) tight junctions.
B) gap junctions.
C) desmosomes.
D) zonula occludens.

Question 39

The type of cell junction that permits small sugar molecules and ions to pass from the cytoplasm of one cell to that of another is a

A) tight junction.
B) gap junction.
C) desmosome.
D) zonula occludens.

Question 40

All of the following are true regarding multicellular exocrine glands except

A) Each has an epithelium-walled duct and secretory epithelium.
B) Supportive connective tissue with blood vessels and nerves surrounds most glands.
C) Simple glands contain a duct without branches.
D) Alveolar glands have secretory cells that form tubes.
E) Compound glands have branched ducts.

Question 41

Connective tissue that must resist forces pulling it from many different directions without stretching would most likely be

A) areolar connective tissue.
B) dense irregular connective tissue.
C) dense regular connective tissue.
D) reticular connective tissues.

Question 42

Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans are components of

A) blood.
B) inflammation.
C) ground substance.
D) reticular fibers.

Question 43

Adipocytes are found in tissues belonging to this category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 44

Which of the following is not associated with connective tissue?

A) fibroblasts
B) collagen
C) goblet cells
D) chondrocytes
E) extracellular matrix

Question 45

Histologists consider blood to be an example of what primary tissue category?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 46

In connective tissues, the primary extracellular molecules responsible for resisting tension are

A) intermediate filaments in fibroblasts.
B) collagen fibers.
C) proteoglycans
D) elastin fibers.

Question 47

Which major category of tissues has the most diverse and most numerous types of tissue?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 48

Tissues in this category are characterized by an extracellular matrix that holds some amount of fluid.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 49

Ligaments consist primarily of which kind of connective tissue?

A) loose areolar
B) dense irregular
C) cartilage
D) dense regular

Question 50

In connective tissue, extracellular matrix is not exactly the same as ground substance, because the matrix also contains

A) fibers.
B) cells.
C) an epithelium.
D) blood.

Question 51

All lining and covering membranes consist of

A) an epithelium only.
B) a serosa.
C) an epithelium, a connective tissue, and smooth muscle.
D) epithelium and connective tissue.

Question 52

A connective tissue that has a liquid matrix is

A) areolar connective tissue.
B) tissue fluid.
C) blood.
D) epithelium.

Question 53

Within connective tissue, the fibers that recoil to their original length and shape when stretched are called

A) collagen fibers.
B) stretch fibers.
C) elastic fibers.
D) reticular fibers.

Question 54

Ligaments are examples of tissues in this category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 55

In connective tissue proper, ground substance is manufactured and secreted by which type of cell?

A) fibroblast
B) endothelial cell
C) chondroblasts
D) osteocytes

Question 56

Which one of the following basic types of tissues has an abundant extracellular matrix?

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous

Question 57

A type of connective tissue that is not classified as a connective tissue proper is

A) dense irregular connective tissue.
B) areolar tissue.
C) adipose tissue.
D) cartilage.

Question 58

Fat is a form of ________ tissue.

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous

Question 59

Of the types of lining and covering membranes, is the driest one is

A) cutaneous.
B) serous.
C) mucous.
D) parietal.

Question 60

Bone and cartilage are examples of tissues in this category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 61

All of the following are consequences of aging in tissues of the body except

A) decline in collagen in the body
B) atrophy of muscles
C) thickening of epithelium
D) decreased speed of wound healing
E) reduced nutrient delivery to tissues

Question 62

This type of tissue includes smooth and cardiac.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 63

The primary contractile tissue of the heart characterizes tissues in this category.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 64

Which one of the following basic types of tissues functions to regulate and control body functions?

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous

Question 65

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the inflammatory response?

A) the margins of the wound are pulled together
B) involves release of chemicals that cause local vasodilation
C) occurs within connective tissue
D) results in edema and delivery of chemicals needed for repair

Question 66

The best definition of fibrosis is

A) the production of collagen fibers.
B) the production of elastic fibers.
C) the formation of dense regular connective tissue.
D) the formation of scar tissue.

Question 67

Tissue types which are known as mucous and serous membranes are comprised of sheets of epithelial cells and

A) adipose tissue.
B) areolar connective tissue.
C) reticular connective tissue
D) elastic connective tissue.

Question 68

During repair of a scrape or cut through the skin, a blood clot is replaced with collagen-rich granulation tissue in a process called

A) inflammation.
B) organization.
C) repair.
D) regeneration.

Question 69

Multilayered epithelia are named for the cell shape found in the basal layer.

Question 70

Areolar connective tissue forms the lamina propria of mucous membranes.

Question 71

This tissue type, in addition to certain muscle tissues, is capable of generating electrical impulses.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 72

A muscle fiber is

A) the same as a collagen fiber that is viewed by electron microscopy.
B) part of a striation of a muscle cell.
C) a muscle cell.
D) an intercalated disc.

Question 73

The embryonic tissue that gives rise to the adult connective tissues, consisting of star-shaped cells separated by large amounts of extracellular matrix, is

A) ectoderm.
B) epithelium.
C) mesenchyme.
D) hypoblast.

Question 74

The cutaneous membrane is the skin.

Question 75

Which tissue category contains tissues comprised of cells containing myofilaments?

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 76

Which type of tissue is correctly matched with the embryonic tissue it is derived from?

A) connective tissue - ectoderm
B) nervous tissue - mesenchyme
C) muscle tissue - ectoderm
D) nervous tissue - endoderm
E) connective tissue - mesenchyme

Question 77

Inflamed tissue is often warm to the touch because of

A) accumulation of bacterial toxins.
B) increased blood flow to the area.
C) infiltration by neutrophils.
D) leakage of clotting proteins.

Question 78

Microvilli are abundant on cells that function for absorption in the small intestine and the kidney.

Question 79

The brain and spinal cord are composed primarily of this tissue type.

A) muscle
B) nervous
C) connective
D) epithelial

Question 80

Superficial fascia refers to the fatty hypodermis below the skin, whereas deep fascia are the sheets of tissue that wrap around muscles, large blood vessels, etc.