Question 1

The nurse is teaching a patient who has a folic acid deficiency about treatment for this disorder. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?&#10;A) &#34;Food sources of folic acid are better absorbed than synthetic folic acid products.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should take large doses of folic acid to compensate for the deficiency.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Most folic acid I take is stored in the liver.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Symptoms of folic acid deficiency often do not appear for months.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Folic acid deficiency symptoms can indeed take months to appear because the body has reserves of folate that can mask the deficiency for a while. This statement indicates the patient understands the nature of the deficiency and its progression.

Question 2

A patient reports wanting to take vitamin A to prevent blindness. Which response by the nurse is correct?&#10;A) &#34;Vitamin A can be taken at any dose without serious adverse effects.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Vitamin A has no effects on vision.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Vitamin A is difficult to obtain through dietary intake alone.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If too much vitamin A is taken toxicity can occur.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is essential for vision, but taking too much can lead to toxicity, which can cause vision problems and other serious adverse effects. It is important to follow recommended dosages and obtain vitamin A through a balanced diet rather than relying solely on supplements.

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with anemia and asks the nurse why the provider has ordered vitamin B12. Which answer by the nurse is correct?&#10;A) &#34;Vitamin B12 is given to improve your overall energy level.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Vitamin B12 is necessary for the development of red blood cells.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Vitamin B12 prevents excess iron loss.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Vitamin B12 will help you absorb iron more efficiently.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12 is necessary for the development of red blood cells. Anemia is a condition characterized by a decreased number of red blood cells, and vitamin B12 is essential for the production and maturation of these cells. Without enough vitamin B12, the body cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells, leading to anemia.

Question 4

A patient who will begin taking an antibiotic reports taking several vitamin supplements every day. Which vitamin or mineral will the nurse counsel the patient about during antibiotic therapy?&#10;A) Selenium&#10;B) Vitamin A&#10;C) Vitamin C&#10;D) Zinc

Accepted Answer

Zinc can interact with certain antibiotics, particularly quinolones and tetracyclines, by binding to them and inhibiting their absorption and effectiveness. Patients should be advised about the potential interaction between zinc supplements and antibiotics.

Question 5

A patient reports having taken a large dose of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and is experiencing diarrhea and gastrointestinal upset. The nurse will prepare to take which action?&#10;A) Administer activated charcoal.&#10;B) Administer sodium bicarbonate.&#10;C) Perform gastric lavage.&#10;D) Provide symptomatic care.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms reported by the patient indicate that they are experiencing an adverse effect related to the large dose of vitamin C taken. The best action for the nurse to take is to provide symptomatic care, which may include offering fluids to prevent dehydration, recommending a bland diet, and administering medication to address any discomfort or gastrointestinal upset. Activated charcoal and gastric lavage are not indicated for vitamin C toxicity, and sodium bicarbonate is not an appropriate treatment for these particular symptoms.

Question 6

A patient who spends most of the time indoors has been taking large doses of vitamin D and is curious about signs of vitamin D toxicity. The nurse will tell this patient to report which sign that may indicate vitamin D toxicity?

A) Blurred vision
B) Darkening of the skin
C) Nausea and vomiting
D) Palpitations

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting are potential signs of vitamin D toxicity, along with confusion, constipation, and kidney damage. Blurred vision and palpitations are not typically associated with vitamin D toxicity, while darkening of the skin may occur with prolonged sun exposure but is not a sign of toxicity.

Question 7

A child is brought to the emergency department after ingesting a grandparent's warfarin (Coumadin) tablets. The nurse will anticipate administering which form of vitamin K?&#10;A) K1 (phytonadione)&#10;B) K2 (menaquinone)&#10;C) K3 (menadione)&#10;D) K4 (menadiol)

Accepted Answer

K1 (phytonadione) is the preferred form of vitamin K for treating warfarin toxicity in children. K2 (menaquinone) and K4 (menadiol) are not approved for this use, and K3 (menadione) has been associated with rare but serious side effects.

Question 8

A patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse about taking chromium supplements. The nurse will tell this patient that taking chromium:&#10;A) can increase the risk for ketoacidosis.&#10;B) is not recommended for persons with diabetes.&#10;C) has only been proven to improve conditions associated with chromium deficiency.&#10;D) should be taken in doses greater than 200 mcg/day.

Accepted Answer

Chromium supplementation has only been proven to improve conditions associated with chromium deficiency, such as impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. It is not recommended for general use or for the prevention or treatment of diabetes. The recommended daily intake for chromium is 20-35 mcg/day for adults, and doses greater than 200 mcg/day may be toxic. There is no evidence that chromium supplementation increases the risk for ketoacidosis.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of chronic alcohol abuse. The patient is confused and exhibits nystagmus and blurred vision. Which vitamin will the nurse expect to administer to this patient?

A) Nicotinic acid
B) Pyridoxine
C) Riboflavin
D) Thiamine

Accepted Answer

The patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, which is caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1). Thiamine is necessary for proper neurological functioning and chronic alcohol abuse can lead to a thiamine deficiency. Administering thiamine can help improve the patient's symptoms.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a child who receives all nutrition parenterally. The nurse will be alert for signs of a deficiency of which mineral in this child?&#10;A) Chromium&#10;B) Copper&#10;C) Iron&#10;D) Zinc

Accepted Answer

Children receiving parenteral nutrition are at risk for zinc deficiency, as zinc is an essential trace element that may not be adequately supplied in parenteral solutions.

Question 11

A patient is taking nicotinic acid (Niacin) to treat hyperlipidemia. The patient reports a flushing sensation along with gastrointestinal irritation. The nurse will perform which action?&#10;A) Contact the provider to discuss possible thromboembolism.&#10;B) Discuss decreasing the patient's dose of nicotinic acid with the provider.&#10;C) Reassure the patient that these effects will decrease over time.&#10;D) Suggest that the patient take niacin with a full glass of cool water.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is taking nicotinic acid (Niacin)...

Question 12

Which fat-soluble vitamin can increase the risk of bleeding and would warrant close monitoring of prothrombin time in a patient also taking warfarin (Coumadin)?&#10;A) Vitamin A&#10;B) Vitamin D&#10;C) Vitamin E&#10;D) Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which fat-soluble vitamin can increase the risk...

Question 13

The nurse is teaching a patient who has iron-deficiency anemia about iron supplementation. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?&#10;A) &#34;I may improve iron absorption by taking this with vitamin C.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should take iron tablets with an antacid to reduce gastrointestinal upset.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Nausea and vomiting are minor side effects and will decrease over time.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Taking iron with food will help to increase the amount absorbed.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a patient who...

Question 14

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient who has poor nutrition. The nurse notes cracked skin at the corners of the patient's mouth along with generalized scaly dermatitis. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss a possible deficiency of which vitamin?

A) Nicotinic acid
B) Pyridoxine
C) Riboflavin
D) Thiamine

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for an elderly...

Question 15

A female patient has a history of heavy menstrual periods and has received treatment in the past for iron deficiency anemia. She would like to take ferrous sulfate prophylactically to avoid future programs. Which of the following is the recommended dose of ferrous sulfate for prophylactic use?

A) 600 mg BID.
B) 400 mcg/day.
C) 300-324 mg/day.
D) 5-20 mg/day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A female patient has a history of...

Question 16

A patient asks the nurse about whether it is necessary to take vitamin supplements. The patient is a 26-year-old female who is contemplating pregnancy. The nurse will recommend which supplement?&#10;A) Calcium and vitamin D&#10;B) Folic acid (folate)&#10;C) Iron&#10;D) Vitamin C

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient asks the nurse about whether...

Question 17

A young woman tells the nurse that she has a strong family history of osteoporosis and that she has been taking calcium supplements. Which vitamin will the nurse recommend as an adjunct to calcium supplementation?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

The answer of A young woman tells the nurse that...

Question 18

The nurse is teaching a patient about water-soluble vitamins. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?&#10;A) &#34;Water-soluble vitamins are excreted in the urine.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Water-soluble vitamins are highly toxic if I take too much.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Water-soluble vitamins are highly protein bound.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Water-soluble vitamins are usually metabolized in the liver.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a patient about...

Question 19

A parent calls the nurse to report that a 5-year-old child has taken five children's vitamins. Which action will the nurse take first?&#10;A) Ask whether the vitamins contain iron.&#10;B) Reassure the parent that over-the-counter vitamins are not toxic.&#10;C) Recommend that the parent take the child to the emergency department (ED).&#10;D) Tell the parent to watch for tarry stools and report them immediately.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A parent calls the nurse to report...

Question 20

A patient reports taking large doses of vitamin C to prevent upper respiratory infections. The nurse will perform which action?&#10;A) Monitor the patient for hyperglycemia.&#10;B) Notify the provider and discuss a gradual taper of vitamin C.&#10;C) Request an order for a CBC to assess the patient's hemoglobin.&#10;D) Tell the patient that studies have confirmed this use of vitamin C.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient reports taking large doses of...

Deck 13: Vitamin and Mineral Replacement