Deck 10: Infection Control

Question 1

Opportunistic infections are the result of infectious material carried by health care workers from one patient to another.​

Answer 1

False

Question 2

West Nile virus is transmitted by infected birds to humans and animals.​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Any injury or accident that involves exposure to blood or body fluids should be followed by washing immediately.​

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What was the immediate result of the work of Louis Pasteur?​

A) ​Invention of the microscope
B) ​Creation of the germ theory
C) ​Recognition of microbiology as a science
D) ​Development of standard precautions

Question 5

The number of hospitalized patients that get infections unrelated to the health problems that brought them to the hospital is increasing.​

Question 6

TB disease is when the bacteria live in the body without causing symptoms.​

Question 7

H1N1 is a virus thought to spread mainly person to person through coughing or sneezing by infected people.​

Question 8

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)is a virus that is very difficult to treat.​

Question 9

Many yeasts and molds are harmless; some are beneficial.​

Question 10

It is never necessary to change your gloves while you are working on the same patient, only when you move from one patient to another.​

Question 11

Almost all bacteria can be destroyed by antibiotics.​

Question 12

Hepatitis B is much more easily transmitted than HIV.​

Question 13

Mental stress can affect the body's ability to fight infection.​

Question 14

Fungi cause annoying, but never life-threatening, infections.​

Question 15

Mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy [BSE])is thought to be caused by prions.​

Question 16

The germ theory states that:

A) ​infectious diseases can be cured with antibiotic therapy.
B) ​most microorganisms are harmful to humans.
C) ​health care workers should wash their hands frequently.
D) ​bacteria cause many specific diseases.

Question 17

What is the most common reason that long-term antibiotic therapy can cause new infections?​

A) ​Interferes with the body's immune response
B) ​Masks symptoms that then go untreated
C) ​Destroys the body's normal flora
D) ​Weakens the physiological state of the body

Question 18

Ebola is only transmitted human to human.​

Question 19

How does the body's immune response operate to fight infection?​

A) ​Produces antibodies
B) ​Helps the body process medications
C) ​Suppresses the normal flora
D) ​Increases the number of resident flora

Question 20

A specially fitted mask must be worn when working with AIDS or HIV positive patients.​

Question 21

When should medical assistants who work in private physicians' offices wear nonsterile gloves?​

A) ​At all times
B) ​When there may be contact with body fluids or broken skin
C) ​Only when working with patients who have infections
D) ​When assisting physicians with minor surgeries

Question 22

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Disease-causing microorganism

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 23

Which of the following is true about Clostridium difficile (C.difficile)?​

A) ​It is becoming less of a concern as it is easily treated.
B) ​It causes severe respiratory distress.
C) ​It causes life-threatening diarrhea.
D) ​It is a virus.

Question 24

What is the correct way to handle a needle after it is used to give a vitamin injection to a healthy patient?​

A) ​Discard it in a wastebasket with other trash after recapping it.
B) ​Discard it in a biohazard bag.
C) ​Sterilize it as soon as possible to avoid the possible spread of infection.
D) ​Place it immediately in a puncture-resistant container.

Question 25

What is the proper action to take if blood is splashed on a countertop during a procedure on a patient?​

A) ​Clean the spill with an antiseptic as soon as possible.
B) ​Wipe it up with a paper towel.
C) ​Clean the spill as soon as possible with a disinfectant.
D) ​Scrub the area well after the patient leaves.

Question 26

What is the principal purpose of a rise in body temperature?

A) ​Serves as a sign of infection
B) ​Higher temperature kills microorganisms
C) ​Heat required to produce white blood cells
D) ​Activates the immune response

Question 27

Against which of the following diseases can health care workers be protected by a vaccine?​

A) ​AIDS
B) ​Hepatitis B
C) ​TB
D) ​No vaccine has been created for any of these diseases.

Question 28

When should health care workers who are in direct contact with patients follow standard precautions?​

A) ​When working with patients who have infections
B) ​At all times
C) ​Before and during surgical procedures
D) ​When coming on duty and after using the toilet

Question 29

Why are paper towels most appropriate for drying the hands in a health care facility?​

A) ​Microorganisms can live in wet cloth towels.
B) ​Cloth towels are more expensive.
C) ​Paper towels are more convenient because they do not require laundering.
D) ​Paper dries the hands more quickly and effectively.

Question 30

Why are diseases caused by viruses often very difficult to treat?​

A) ​They are difficult to identify.
B) ​They are obligate intracellular parasites.
C) ​They cannot be seen under the microscope.
D) ​They cannot be destroyed by antibiotics.

Question 31

Which of the following diseases is contracted by the highest number of health care workers each year?​

A) ​AIDS
B) ​Hepatitis B
C) ​TB
D) ​AIDS, Hepatitis B, and TB each affect about the same number of workers.

Question 32

What is the term for microorganisms that cause damage by nourishing themselves at the expense of other living things?​

A) ​Hosts
B) ​Parasites
C) ​Toxins
D) ​Symbiosis

Question 33

What is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis?​

A) ​Medical asepsis is used in physicians' offices; sterile asepsis is used in hospitals.
B) ​Sterile asepsis is used when serious infections are present.
C) ​Only medical asepsis involves handwashing.
D) ​Medical asepsis decreases pathogens; sterile asepsis eliminates pathogens.

Question 34

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Inhibits growth of microorganisms

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 35

Which of the following procedures is an example of medical asepsis?​

A) ​Covering the face with a surgical mask
B) ​Wearing sterile gloves
C) ​Handwashing
D) ​Sterilizing instruments

Question 36

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)conducts visits at health care facilities in order to:

A) ​ensure employee safety.
B) ​license onsite laboratories.
C) ​provide vaccines for workers.
D) ​research the cause of diseases.

Question 37

All pathogens that are easily transmitted and have the potential to cause epidemics require the use of:.​

A) ​transmission-based precautions.
B) ​OSHA standards.
C) ​CDC first alert precautions.
D) ​neutropenic precautions.

Question 38

Which of the following practices is essential to ensure effective handwashing technique?​

A) ​Use only antimicrobial soap.
B) ​Always use lotion afterwards.
C) ​Do not touch faucets with bare hands.
D) ​Use water as hot as you can tolerate.

Question 39

​What is the proper way to remove linen and other items from the room of a patient who is in isolation?

A) ​Dispose of items in special medical waste containers kept in the room.
B) ​Bag items once in the room, and then place them in second bag held outside the room.
C) ​Double-bag items before leaving the room.
D) ​Hand them to a coworker in the hall who does not enter the room.

Question 40

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Kills all microorganisms

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 41

Match each type of microbe with the following diseases it causes.​
​Ringworm, athlete's foot, skin infections

A)​Bacteria
B)​Virus
C)​Fungi
D)​Rickettsia
E)​Protozoa

Question 42

Match each type of microbe with the following diseases it causes.​
​Typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever

A)​Bacteria
B)​Virus
C)​Fungi
D)​Rickettsia
E)​Protozoa

Question 43

Botulism, a serious form of food poisoning, is caused by toxins produced by ____________________.​

Question 44

Match each type of microbe with the following diseases it causes.​
​Common cold, influenza, chickenpox, hepatitis B, AIDS, measles, polio

A)​Bacteria
B)​Virus
C)​Fungi
D)​Rickettsia
E)​Protozoa

Question 45

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Harmless microorganisms that are always present in or on the body

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 46

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Only seen in combination with HBV or HCV

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 47

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Requires oxygen to live

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 48

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Transmitted by infected mosquitoes

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 49

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Symptoms may include influenza-like or acute respiratory distress

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 50

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Found in blood and body fluids; no vaccine available

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 51

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Found in the stool of infected person; no vaccine available

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 52

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Also known as BSE

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 53

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Destroys most bacteria and viruses

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 54

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Occurs while a person is receiving health care

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 55

Match each type of microbe with the following diseases it causes.​
​Dysentery, trichomonas, malaria

A)​Bacteria
B)​Virus
C)​Fungi
D)​Rickettsia
E)​Protozoa

Question 56

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Found in blood and body fluids; vaccine available

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 57

Medications used to destroy harmful bacteria in or on the body are called ____________________.​

Question 58

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Tends to occur when the body is in a weakened state

A)​Pathogen
B)​Normal flora
C)​Opportunistic infection
D)​Aerobic
E)​Antiseptic
F)​Disinfectant
G)​Sterilization
H)​Nosocomial infection

Question 59

Match each disease with the following correct description.​
​Found in stool of infected person; vaccine available

A)​Hepatitis A
B)​Hepatitis B
C)​Hepatitis C
D)​Hepatitis D
E)​Hepatitis E
F)​Bird flu (avian influenza)
G)​Mad cow disease
H)​West Nile virus

Question 60

Match each type of microbe with the following diseases it causes.​
​Pneumonia, gonorrhea, meningitis, urinary tract infections, TB, syphilis, cholera

A)​Bacteria
B)​Virus
C)​Fungi
D)​Rickettsia
E)​Protozoa

Question 61

Briefly explain the two common laboratory methods for identifying bacteria.​

Question 62

List three common signs and/or symptoms of a generalized infection.​

Question 63

The single most important practice for health care workers to prevent the spread of infection is ____________________.​

Question 64

The three types of transmission-based precautions are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.​

Question 65

Explain the purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE)and give three examples.​

Question 66

List at least five times when health care workers should wash their hands.​

Question 67

List at least four of the body's natural defense mechanisms that resist infections.​

Question 68

The U.S.government agency that studies the causes and distribution of diseases is the _____________________________________________.​

Question 69

List two actions that have caused the development of pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.​

Question 70

Discuss the following statement: "The actions of health care workers can be critical in both causing and preventing the spread of infection among patients." Refer to the chain of infection and standard precautions in your answer and include specific actions that workers can take to prevent the spread of infection.​