Deck 7: Structure and Function of the Human Body

Question 1

Blood is carried away from the heart to carry oxygen to the rest of the body by the:​

A) ​arteries.
B) ​capillaries.
C) ​veins.
D) ​ventricles.

Answer 1

​arteries.

Question 2

In which part of the male reproductive system is sperm manufactured?​

A) ​Penis
B) ​Scrotum
C) ​Testes
D) Prostate gland​

Answer 2

​Testes

Question 3

Harmful physical and mental stress can occur when the ____ nervous system is continually activated.​

A) ​parasympathetic
B) ​autonomic
C) ​sympathetic
D) ​peripheral

Answer 3

​sympathetic

Question 4

Which organ produces bile to break down fats so they can be absorbed and used by the body?​

A) ​Appendix
B) ​Gallbladder
C) ​Liver
D) ​Pancreas

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?​

A) ​Skull
B) ​Arms
C) ​Pelvis
D) ​Feet

Question 6

In which body system are red blood cells (RBCs)manufactured?​

A) ​Circulatory
B) ​Endocrine
C) ​Reproductive
D) Skeletal​

Question 7

Which part of the brain controls the highest-level functions?​

A) ​Brainstem
B) ​Cerebellum
C) ​Cerebrum
D) ​Meninges

Question 8

The ____ is the part of the eye on which images are projected.​

A) ​sclera
B) ​retina
C) ​lens
D) ​choroid

Question 9

When a muscle contracts, it is:​

A) ​responding to stimuli.
B) ​tightening.
C) ​stretching.
D) ​relaxing.

Question 10

What are the main functions of the kidneys?​

A) ​Clean the blood and regulate amount of water in the body
B) ​Store urine until it leaves the body
C) ​Signal the brain regarding the need to urinate
D) ​Provide passageways for urine to leave the body

Question 11

What is the major function of RBCs?​

A) ​Cool the body
B) ​Fight infection
C) ​Enable blood to clot
D) ​Transport oxygen

Question 12

The femur is a major bone in the:​

A) ​hand.
B) ​arm.
C) ​foot.
D) ​leg.

Question 13

Which sequence lists the major organs of the urinary system in order as it removes wastes from the body?​

A) ​Urinary bladder, kidneys, urethra, ureters
B) ​Urethra, urinary bladder, kidneys, ureters
C) ​Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
D) ​Kidneys, urethra, urinary bladder, ureters

Question 14

Which of the following is true about genetics?​

A) ​Determines one's inherited characteristics
B) ​Does not apply to all body systems
C) ​Impacts physical but not mental traits
D) ​Is not related to heredity

Question 15

A major function of the lymphatic system is to:​

A) ​serve as master controller of body functions.
B) ​produce hormones.
C) ​circulate nutrients throughout the body.
D) ​fight infection.

Question 16

Which statement is true about the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?​

A) ​Its function is to allow movement of the body.
B) ​It works only in times of physical stress.
C) ​It is part of the central nervous system.
D) ​It functions outside the control of the individual.

Question 17

Heart attacks are the result of:​

A) ​valves that do not function correctly.
B) ​weakened heart muscle.
C) ​blocked coronary arteries.
D) ​too much exercise.

Question 18

The many individual bones in the human body are classified by:​

A) ​function.
B) ​density.
C) ​shape.
D) ​size.

Question 19

In addition to producing movement, an important function of the muscular system is to:​

A) ​connect bones to one another.
B) ​protect the internal organs.
C) produce heat.​
D) ​prevent dehydration.

Question 20

The brain and the spinal cord are the components of the ____ nervous system.​

A) ​central
B) ​peripheral
C) ​voluntary
D) ​involuntary

Question 21

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Outer layer of skin

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 22

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Supination

Question 23

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Pronation

Question 24

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Group of related signs and symptoms

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 25

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Windpipe, which carries air from throat to lungs

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 26

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Conditions in the patient that can be observed

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 27

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Breastbone

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 28

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Flexion

Question 29

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Abduction

Question 30

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Study of the function of body structures

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 31

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Organ that excretes enzymes to help digest proteins and fat

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 32

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Extension

Question 33

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Connective tissue that covers the ends of bones

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 34

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Study of the effects of diseases on body functions

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 35

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Passageway through which the egg moves from the ovary to the uterus

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 36

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Prediction of the outcome of a disease

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 37

Match each term with the following correct definition.​
​Study of the causes of disease

A)​Etiology
B)​Physiology
C)​Pathophysiology
D)​Prognosis
E)​Sign
F)​Syndrome

Question 38

Match each letter on the diagram with the following correct type of joint movement.
​
​Adduction

Question 39

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Attaches skeletal muscles to bones

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 40

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Innermost layer of skin, composed of fatty and connective tissue

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 41

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to one another

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 42

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Hardening of the artery walls

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 43

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​General name for inflammation of the skin

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 44

The endocrine system consists of glands that manufacture ____________________, chemical substances that direct changes throughout the body.​

Question 45

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Caused by inadequate insulin production (resulting in too much glucose in the blood)

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 46

When sound waves hit the ____________________, they cause a vibration that travels through the middle and inner ear chambers.​

Question 47

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Inflammation of the liver

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 48

In addition to hearing, maintaining the body's ____________________ is an important function of the ears.​

Question 49

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 50

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Muscle between chest and abdomen that changes the pressure in the lungs

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 51

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Increase in pressure within the eye that can damage the optic nerve

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 52

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Infection of the middle ear

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 53

Explain the difference between the terms "sign" and "symptom." Give an example of each and include the terms "objective" and "subjective" in your answer.​

Question 54

The average range for an adult heart rate is ____________________ beats per minute.​

Question 55

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Condition in which bones are weakened due to the loss of calcium

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 56

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​Disease of the nervous system resulting in loss of memory and intellectual function

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 57

Match each disease, disorder, or condition with the following correct description.​
​High blood pressure

A)​Dermatitis
B)​Hypertension
C)​Osteoporosis
D)​Arteriosclerosis
E)​Hepatitis
F)​Edema
G)​Glaucoma
H)​Otitis media
I)​Alzheimer's disease
J)​Diabetes mellitus

Question 58

Explain how a skeletal muscle produces movement.​

Question 59

Match each body structure with the following correct description or word.​
​Composed of skull and facial bones

A)​Cartilage
B)​Sternum
C)​Cranium
D)​Ligaments
E)​Tendon
F)​Epidermis
G)​Subcutaneous tissue
H)​Trachea
I)​Diaphragm
J)​Pancreas
K)​Fallopian tube

Question 60

List 10 examples of preventive measures that contribute to maintaining the wellness of the various body systems.​

Question 61

Ligaments are fibrous connective tissues that connect one bone to another.​

Question 62

A sudoriferous gland secretes sebum.​

Question 63

The cerebrum is composed of two large hemispheres that control the higher brain functions.​

Question 64

Abnormal conditions are called etiology.​

Question 65

A treatment is the medications and procedures used to control or cure the disease.​

Question 66

A prognosis is the name of the disease or syndrome.​

Question 67

List three ways that the skin protects the body from the outside environment.​

Question 68

A spiral fracture is also known as a greenstick fracture.​

Question 69

The tertiary level of prevention refers to rehabilitation.​

Question 70

The digestion of food begins in the stomach.​

Question 71

Foreign substances that trigger the immune response are known as antigens.​