Deck 17: Review of the Central Nervous System

Question 1

A client recovering from a recent stroke is having difficulty with speech,memory,and movement of the extremities on the left side of the body.The nurse explains to the family that which area of the CNS has most likely been affected by the stroke?

A)Limbic system
B)Cerebrum
C)Cerebellum
D)Thalamus

Answer 1

Cerebrum

Question 2

The nurse is instructing a client on the characteristics of central nervous system medications.Which characteristic should be included in this teaching?

A)Ability of the medications to cross the blood-brain barrier
B)Neurotransmitters
C)Function of a neuron
D)Location of synapses

Answer 2

Ability of the medications to cross the blood-brain barrier

Question 3

The nurse is concerned that a client taking an antipsychotic medication is experiencing extrapyramidal side effects.For which effects should the nurse notify the health care provider?

A)Complaints of slight drowsiness
B)Urinary hesitancy
C)Muscular spasms of the head and neck
D)Dry mouth

Answer 3

Muscular spasms of the head and neck

Question 4

A client is treated in the emergency department for an overdose of cocaine.The nurse monitors the client based on the knowledge that cocaine affects which item?

A)Cholinergic synapses
B)Adrenergic synapses
C)Dopamine receptors
D)Glutamate

Question 5

A client with depression and a sleep disorder is prescribed a central nervous system medication.The nurse will expect to assess which effects of this medication in the client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Improved mood
B)Improved sleep pattern
C)Activation of the fight-or-flight response
D)Onset of seizures
E)Increased pain levels

Question 6

The client is receiving a medication that alters the utilization of glutamate,therefore risking an increase in glutamate levels in the CNS.The nurse should evaluate for which manifestation of high glutamate levels?

A)Blurred vision and dry mouth
B)Signs of neurotoxicity
C)Ataxia
D)Tremors

Question 7

A client is prescribed a serotonin supplement.For which disorder(s)is this neurotransmitter replacement indicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Anxiety
B)Bipolar disorder
C)Depression
D)Panic attacks
E)Psychosis

Question 8

The nurse is taking care of a client who has been in the intensive care unit (ICU)for 10 days.Which nursing action would cause a decrease in stimulation of the reticular activating system?

A)Keeping the door closed and the lights dim
B)Assisting with bathing and activities for elimination
C)Allowing family members,including children,to visit
D)Turning on the television

Question 9

A client tells the nurse about taking a medication that affects the central nervous system but cannot recall the name of the drug.When assessing the client,it would be appropriate for the nurse to ask about which possible symptoms?

A)Weight loss despite an increase in appetite,inability to sleep,feeling fidgety,palpitations,intolerance to heat
B)Weight loss despite an increase in appetite and food consumption,extreme thirst,drinking more fluids,and increase in urination
C)Moodiness,crying,or feelings of anxiety
D)More than usual shortness of breath,or tightness in the chest with physical activity,and sweating

Question 10

A client,prescribed an antidepressant for symptoms of depression,is expressing feelings of hopelessness and thoughts of suicide.The nurse's response will be based on which conclusion?

A)There is great variability in individual responses to drugs that affect the CNS.
B)The client has not been taking the antidepressant.
C)The antidepressant needs to be taken for several months in order to eliminate suicidal ideations.
D)Drug levels should be obtained to see if the dose needs to be increased.

Question 11

A client admitted to the hospital with a possible brain tumor has symptoms of increased thirst and hunger,despite an increase in weight,and complains of feeling cold all the time.Which region of the CNS system most likely has been affected?

A)Thalamus
B)Hypothalamus
C)Cerebellum
D)Limbic system

Question 12

A client with Parkinson disease is prescribed a medication that affects a particular central nervous system neurotransmitter.Which neurotransmitter is the medication acting on to treat the symptoms of Parkinson disease?

A)Acetylcholine
B)Norepinephrine
C)An endorphin
D)Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Question 13

A client is found to have a reduction in the amount of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.The nurse realizes this client is prone to developing which health problems? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Myasthenia gravis
B)Alzheimer disease
C)Parkinson disease
D)Seizure disorders
E)Anxiety

Question 14

The nurse recognizes the action of psychotherapeutic medications is mediated by which processes? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Some neurotransmitters are stimulatory.
B)The electrical impulse causes the release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
C)Some neurotransmitters are inhibitory.
D)The electrical impulse inhibits the neurotransmitter from being released.
E)The electrical impulse at the synapse activates a receptor.

Question 15

A client is prescribed medication to treat bipolar disorder.Which statement indicates the client understands the medication regimen?

A)"This medication is going to cure me."
B)"I will take this medication when I remember to."
C)"This medication may help my symptoms."
D)"This is the only medication that I can take for my illness."

Question 16

The family of a client who has a tumor deep in the brain is concerned about the client's demonstration of aggression and anger over the last few months.Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

A)"I will inform the health care provider about the client's anger and aggression."
B)"I will request a referral for anger management."
C)"The tumor might affect areas of the brain responsible for emotional expression."
D)"This is an abnormal response to the diagnosis."

Question 17

Which statements describe the function of the central nervous system synapse? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Suppression,or inhibition,of the firing of neurons
B)Inhibition of the release of a neurotransmitter
C)Release of an inhibitory neurotransmitter that suppresses conduction
D)Simulation,or activation,of the firing of neurons
E)Serving as the primary functioning cell within the nervous system

Question 18

The nurse is instructing a client on the effects of a medication on the neurons and synapses within the nervous system.What should the nurse teach about the characteristics of a synapse? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Synapses are junctions between two neurons.
B)Synapses are junctions between a neuron and a muscle.
C)The function of the synapse is to communicate messages through an action potential.
D)Synapses respond only to acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
E)Synapses stimulate an emotional response.

Question 19

A client newly diagnosed with depression is given a prescription for an antidepressant.The nurse understands that the medication prescribed affects which neurotransmitter that is associated with anxiety,impulsive behavior,and suicidal ideation?

A)Glutamate
B)Serotonin
C)Dopamine
D)Acetylcholine

Question 20

A client is admitted with a spinal cord injury.Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate upon assessment? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Paresthesia
B)Paralysis
C)Jerky body movements
D)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
E)Drowsiness

Question 21

A client is demonstrating a disorder involving the limbic system.Which physiological findings are associated with this disorder does the nurse anticipate upon assessment? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Rapid heart rate
B)High blood pressure
C)Peptic ulcer disease
D)Increased peristalsis
E)Slow respirations

Question 22

A client is believed to have a disorder that affects the basal ganglia.What should the nurse instruct the client about this structure? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)It helps regulate skeletal muscle movement.
B)It helps with memory.
C)It is needed for learning.
D)It is useful for being attentive.
E)Disorders can cause myasthenia gravis.