Deck 12: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

People with somatoform disorders experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A man shot the president of the United States in front of millions of television witnesses and was found not guilty by a court of law.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder, seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce anxiety are referred to as obsessions.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Anxiety is an appropriate response to a real threat, but it can be abnormal when it is excessive, when it comes out of nowhere, and when it prevents us from doing important things.

Question 5

In the context of specific phobias, acrophobia is the fear of snakes.

Question 6

In generalized dissociative amnesia, people forget particular traumatic instances of their lives but not their entire lives.

Question 7

The biopsychosocial model assumes that illnesses have physical or biological causes that can be identified and that people afflicted by them are to be cured through treatment or therapy.

Question 8

People with delusional disorder hold persistent, delusional beliefs that sound plausible and are never bizarre.

Question 9

During World War II, some bomber pilots developed night blindness. They could not carry out their nighttime missions, although no damage to the optic nerves was found. This was an example of conversion disorder.

Question 10

Post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD occurs within a month of a traumatic event and lasts from two days to four weeks; while acute stress disorder can occur six months or more after the event and tends to persist.

Question 11

The loss of memory in a person with dissociative amnesia can be attributed to organic problems such as a blow to the head or alcoholic intoxication.

Question 12

Obsessions are so compelling and recurrent that they disrupt daily life.

Question 13

According to the biological views on the origins of psychological disorders, humans are genetically predisposed to fear stimuli that may have posed a threat to their ancestors.

Question 14

One suffering from mania may have grand delusional schemes, speak rapidly, and show a rapid flight of ideas

Question 15

People with body dysmorphic disorder have dual personalities.

Question 16

Psychological disorders are behaviors or mental processes that are connected with various kinds of distress or significant impairment in functioning.

Question 17

Anxiety is an appropriate response to a real threat, but it can be abnormal when it is excessive.

Question 18

People with antisocial personality disorder show instability in their relationships, self-image, and mood, and a lack of control over impulses.

Question 19

Rates of suicide and suicide attempts are similar among various ethnic groups and according to gender.

Question 20

Elevated blood pressure is a psychological symptom of anxiety disorders.

Question 21

Kim and her family were involved in a road accident. Kim was the only survivor. Her son and husband were declared dead. When Kim returned home, she started having dreams about people dying in tragic accidents. These nightmares left Kim with a rapid heart rate and feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Kim is most likely suffering from ________.

A)body dysmorphic disorder
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)somatoform disorder

Question 22

Psychological disorders are predictable responses to specific events.

Question 23

__________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights.

A)Delusions
B)Specific phobias
C)Hallucinations
D)Psychomotor retardations

Question 24

Jenny was beginning to panic as the store began to become crowed with shoppers. Jenny most likely suffers from ________.

A)claustrophobia
B)acrophobia
C)agoraphobia
D)arachnophobia

Question 25

A woman has difficulty concentrating on her job because she keeps worrying about things like leaving the door unlocked or the tap turned on. She feels that her house might be robbed or damaged any day because of her carelessness. According to this scenario, she is most likely suffering from __________.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 26

The _________ of conversion disorders holds that people with conversion disorder are susceptible to being hypnotized.

A)learning perspective
B)demonologic model
C)biopsychosocial perspective
D)diathesis-stress model

Question 27

Even though Hannah could no longer use her left hand she did not seem overly concerned about it. Her family physician was at a loss because she could not find any medical reason as to why she could not move her hand. Hannah most likely suffers from a(n) ___________.

A)conversion disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)dissociative disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 28

Lisa, a high school student, is suspicious of her classmates. She does not trust them and keeps a distance from everyone at school. Lisa is most likely suffering from __________.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)paranoid personality disorder
C)dissociative amnesia
D)dissociative identity disorder

Question 29

After surviving the horrific car accident, Jesus has experienced intense fear and avoids driving a car. He most likely is suffering from __________.

A)panic disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)dissociative disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 30

Joe is suffering from kidney dysfunctionality. Joe's doctor advises him to start taking injections instead of tablets as that would be more effective and would cure him sooner. However, Joe fears hypodermic needles and refuses to be injected. In this scenario, Joe seems to have _________.

A)a specific phobia
B)a common social phobia
C)panic disorder
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 31

People with __________ are "loners." They do not develop warm, tender feelings for others.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)avoidant personality disorder
C)schizoid personality disorder
D)hoarding disorder

Question 32

People with __________ insist that they are suffering from a serious physical malady, even though no medical evidence of it can be found.

A)dissociative amnesia
B)illness anxiety disorder
C)bipolar disorder
D)delusions of grandeur

Question 33

People with mood disorders:

A)may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events.
B)insist that they are suffering from a serious physical illness, even though no medical evidence of the illness can be found.
C)experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.
D)are incapable of recalling important personal information.

Question 34

Concerning dissociative identity disorders, which of the following is inaccurate about their identities?

A)They must have two or more identities or personalities.
B)The identities must have distinct traits and memories.
C)The identities must not be aware of the others.
D)They must "occupy" the same person.

Question 35

__________ is a type of somatic symptom disorder that was earlier called hypochondria.

A)Illness anxiety disorder
B)Dissociative amnesia
C)Psychomotor retardation
D)Acute stress disorder

Question 36

Mary has schizophrenia and exhibits symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, lack of emotional expression, and social withdrawal. Mary exhibits __________.

A)positive symptoms but not negative symptoms
B)negative symptoms but not positive symptoms
C)both positive and negative symptoms
D)neither positive nor negative symptoms

Question 37

According to the __________, the ancient Greeks believed that the gods punished humans by causing madness.

A)medical model
B)diathesis stress model
C)biopsychosocial model
D)demonological model

Question 38

People with panic attacks tend to:

A)exhibit two or more identities or personalities, each with distinct traits and memories.
B)experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.
C)feel an overpowering need to accumulate certain kinds of possessions and have difficulty discarding them.
D)misinterpret bodily cues and view them as threats.

Question 39

Schizophrenia is characterized by ___________.

A)an inability to be alone
B)negative symptoms such as flat, emotionless voices but not by positive symptoms
C)disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood
D)positive symptoms but not negative symptoms

Question 40

It seemed like no matter what you were talking about, Sam always thought you were talking about him. What type of delusion is he most likely suffering from?

A)delusions of reference
B)delusions of grandeur
C)delusions of persecution
D)delusions of immortality

Question 41

People with generalized anxiety disorder:

A)suffer from persistent anxiety that cannot be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity.
B)show absence of autonomic arousal that leads to anxiety attacks.
C)are typically afraid of suffocation.
D)have extreme mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression, including suicidal tendencies.

Question 42

A man witnessed an explosion in which a coworker died, and soon after, he lost his vision. Despite many neurological tests, doctors could not find any organic basis for the man's loss of eyesight. The man is most likely suffering from _________.

A)schizoid personality disorder
B)conversion disorder
C)bipolar disorder
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 43

Which of the following statements is true of the biological views that explain the origins of anxiety disorders?

A)Fraternal twins are much more likely to have similar anxiety disorders than identical twins.
B)Humans are not genetically predisposed to fear stimuli that may have posed a threat to their ancestors.
C)People's appraisals of the magnitude of threats help determine whether they are traumatic and can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder.
D)A predisposition toward anxiety, in the form of a highly reactive autonomic nervous system, can be inherited.

Question 44

The core of generalized anxiety disorder appears to be _________.

A)pervasive worrying about numerous stressors
B)indifference to physical symptoms of anxiety
C)specific phobias during childhood
D)irrational fears of specific objects or situations

Question 45

Delmar believes that he has been sent to earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to a female is doomed to be a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are absurd. Delmar's behavior best exemplifies _________.

A)hallucinations
B)waxy flexibility
C)delusions
D)catatonia

Question 46

This disorder is characterized by peculiarities of thought, perception, or behavior, such as excessive fantasy and suspiciousness, feelings of being unreal, or the odd use of words.

A)schizotypal personality disorder
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)schizoid personality disorder
D)illness anxiety disorder

Question 47

Amanda does not like being in crowded rooms. She is also scared of elevators and takes the stairs to the sixth floor of her office every day. Which anxiety disorder does Amanda exhibit?

A)acrophobia
B)agoraphobia
C)barophobia
D)claustrophobia

Question 48

Extreme, irrational fears of objects and situations, such as hypodermic needles and public speaking are examples of __________.

A)compulsions
B)biases
C)drives
D)phobias

Question 49

Sanchez, an eight-year-old boy, suffers from unpredictable panic attacks and constantly talks to his imaginary friends. His mother confesses to the family doctor, "I probably drank too much alcohol during pregnancy and caused damage to Sanchez's brain." This statement supports the _____ on psychological disorders.

A)biopsychosocial model
B)diathesis-stress model
C)demonological model
D)medical model

Question 50

Psychological disorders are:

A)predictable responses to specific events.
B)sometimes associated with faulty perception or interpretation of reality.
C)certain dangerous behaviors that are acceptable in society.
D)considered normal and do not cause personal distress.

Question 51

Which of the following statements is true of acute stress disorder?

A)It occurs six months after a traumatic event and tends to persist.
B)People with acute stress disorder become physically weak with multiple organ failures.
C)People with acute stress disorder can go on to experience post-traumatic stress disorder.
D)It was formerly termed multiple personality disorder.

Question 52

People with _________ are preoccupied with exaggerated or imagined physical defects; continuous hair pulling, and compulsive skin-picking.

A)body dysmorphic disorder
B)acute stress disorder
C)dissociative identity disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 53

Amnesia is frequently associated with _________.

A)somatoform disorders
B)anxiety disorders
C)mood disorders
D)dissociative disorders

Question 54

Jenny is obsessed with collecting chocolate wrappers. She picks up wrappers from the road and stacks them at her house. Over the years, these wrappers have piled up to such an extent that Jenny is left with only a narrow pathway that leads from the entrance of her house to her bedroom. Although Jenny has been advised by many to get rid of the clutter, she refuses to do so. Jenny is most likely suffering from __________.

A)panic disorder
B)hoarding disorder
C)dissociative identity disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 55

Which of the following statements is true of the demonological model that explains the origins of psychological disorders?

A)Health professionals viewed psychological disorders as diseases of the mind that had no cure.
B)Health professionals viewed psychological disorders in terms of a combination of biological vulnerabilities, psychological factors, and sociocultural factors.
C)People assumed that the behaviors associated with psychological disorders were caused by possession by the devil.
D)People assumed that illnesses had physical or biological causes, which could be identified and cured through therapies.

Question 56

__________ is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.

A)Acute stress disorder
B)Dissociative identity disorder
C)Somatoform disorder
D)Bipolar disorder

Question 57

Tom is a loner who shows little interest in making friends and does not exhibit much emotion. However, he is efficient at his job. His job involves updating a database to reflect the most recent events occurring in the world. He is showing signs of _________.

A)schizotypal personality disorder
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)schizoid personality disorder
D)illness anxiety disorder

Question 58

Cory was driving when his car met with an accident. His best friend, who was sitting in the car with him, was killed in that accident. However, Cory escaped uninjured. When he woke up the next morning, he could not recall where he was or what had happened the previous night. He is most likely exhibiting __________.

A)dissociative amnesia
B)psychomotor retardation
C)schizophrenia
D)neuroticism

Question 59

A similarity between acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder is that both:

A)occur six months or more after a traumatic event and tend to persist.
B)are characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.
C)occur within a month of a traumatic event and last only for a week.
D)are characterized by loss of memory that is caused by a traumatic event.

Question 60

Disaster victims may experience debilitating anxiety reactions months and years after the actual disaster. These patients are diagnosed with __________.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)dissociative identity disorder
C)generalized anxiety disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 61

Seligman (1996) suggested that when things go wrong, we sometimes develop inappropriate attributional styles towards the causes of failure. Which of the following was not proposed by him?

A)internal or external
B)stable or unstable
C)global or specific
D)negative or positive

Question 62

In the context of schizophrenia, people with the condition termed _________ show striking impairment in motor activity.

A)catatonia
B)kinesthesis
C)hypogeusia
D)hyperphagia

Question 63

Katie is scared of meeting new people. She eats at her desk at work to avoid interacting with her coworkers and consistently refuses their invitations to go out for parties. Psychologists will most likely diagnose Katie with _________.

A)acrophobia
B)social phobia
C)necrophobia
D)claustrophobia

Question 64

Excessive fear of public speaking is a common __________.

A)social anxiety disorder
B)hoarding disorder
C)panic disorder
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 65

Jane has episodes where she cannot remember what she did or where she was. She has found clothes in her closet that do not belong to her. When she goes to see the doctor, she introduces herself as Suzy. Jane is most likely to be diagnosed with:

A)post-traumatic stress disorder.
B)schizotypal personality disorder.
C)dissociative identity disorder.
D)illness anxiety disorder.

Question 66

__________ is a disorder that follows an upsetting event outside the range of normal human experience and that is characterized by features such as intense fear and avoidance.

A)Post-traumatic stress disorder
B)Dissociative identity disorder
C)Somatoform disorder
D)Bipolar disorder

Question 67

Graham likes to collect car parts. His house is full of car parts and there is hardly any free space. It has become difficult for him to navigate around the house. He justifies his actions by saying, "You never know when you might need these." Graham is suffering from __________.

A)dissociative disorder
B)hoarding disorder
C)somatoform disorder
D)schizotypal disorder

Question 68

Which of the following statements is true of somatoform disorders?

A)Schizophrenia is a type of somatoform disorder.
B)Tendencies toward perfectionism and rumination, which are found among many people with somatoform disorders, are thought to be at least partly heritable.
C)Somatoform disorders are characterized by the separation of mental processes such as thoughts, emotions, identity, memory, or consciousness.
D)Somatoform disorders are characterized by the presence of two or more personalities in one person.

Question 69

__________ refer to erroneous beliefs that one is being victimized.

A)Ideas of persecution
B)Self-actualization drives
C)Instances of psychomotor retardation
D)Instances of learned helplessness

Question 70

Stephanie was becoming concerned because her mother was starting to routinely carry on conversations with no one else in the room. Her mother is most likely experiencing __________.

A)hallucinations
B)ideas of persecution
C)catatonia
D)acrophobia

Question 71

Kim has a poor appetite and has lost a severe amount of weight in the past few months. She is unable to concentrate or make decisions. She no longer wants to live and wishes to die. Psychologists are most likely to diagnose Kim with __________.

A)delusional disorder
B)conversion disorder
C)major depressive disorder
D)illness anxiety disorder

Question 72

Philippe Pinel was one of the first to:

A)view psychological disorders as diseases of the mind and encouraged humane treatment.
B)believe that the gods punished humans by causing madness.
C)prove that psychological disorders are caused by brain abnormalities.
D)recognize biological differences between individuals that are activated by stress.

Question 73

In the context of specific phobias, __________ is the fear of tight or enclosed places.

A)xenophobia
B)altophobia
C)acrophobia
D)claustrophobia

Question 74

Which of the following statements about suicide are correct?

A)Most people who commit suicide do not give warnings about their intentions.
B)Discussing suicide with a person who is depressed can prompt the person to attempt suicide.
C)Extracting a promise not to commit suicide before calling or visiting a helping professional seems to prevent some suicides.
D)People who commit suicide are seeking attention.

Question 75

Kyle is possessed by the thought that he might develop a severe disease due to germs. He tries to put these disturbing thoughts out of his mind by washing his hands several times a day. Kyle demonstrates ____________.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)dissociative identity disorder
D)post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 76

In the context of the origins of dissociative disorders, both psychodynamic and learning theories suggest that:

A)people with dissociative disorders are always indifferent toward bad memories.
B)dissociative disorders help people keep disturbing memories or ideas out of mind.
C)dissociative disorders are not culture-bound.
D)unpleasant thoughts associated with dissociative disorder cannot be kept out of mind.

Question 77

_________ are more likely to commit suicide than _________.

A)Married people; unmarried people
B)Younger people, older people
C)College students; non-college students
D)Non-college students; college students

Question 78

People with depersonalization-derealization disorder:

A)complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease.
B)experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.
C)have mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression.
D)hold persistent, clearly delusional beliefs, often involving paranoid themes.

Question 79

Flora had met with an accident a few day ago. She has forgotten everything about her life before the accident. Flora is suffering from ____________.

A)illness anxiety disorder
B)generalized dissociative amnesia
C)psychomotor retardation
D)generalized anxiety disorders

Question 80

Terry was molested by her male colleague a week ago. Since then, she has been overwhelmed with feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Her doctor refers to her condition as ___________.

A)hoarding disorder
B)panic disorder
C)acute stress disorder
D)bipolar disorder