Deck 13: Power and Politics

Question 1

John,the founder of Belgrade Corp.,ensures that his employees are comfortable and are happy to come to work.He makes himself available to his employees no matter how busy he may be,and he often offers advice to employees who slack in their work.John states that his organization is successful because every individual and department works together as a team.Which of the following organizational cultures does Belgrade Corp.possess?

A)A clan culture
B)A market culture
C)An adhocracy culture
D)An inward-facing culture

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is true of clan culture?

A)It is secretive and results-oriented.
B)It is a rule-based bureaucracy.
C)It is participative and comfortable.
D)It is monopolistic and controlling.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is a difference between a conventional hierarchy culture and a sustainable hierarchy culture?

A)A conventional hierarchy culture focuses on a 360-degree feedback,whereas a sustainable hierarchy culture focuses on monitoring employees.
B)A conventional hierarch culture is more like an extended family,whereas a sustainable hierarchy culture is more autocratic.
C)A conventional hierarchy culture focuses on monitoring employees,whereas a sustainable hierarchy culture focuses on a 360-degree feedback.
D)A conventional hierarchy culture is more like an extended family,whereas a sustainable hierarchy culture is more autocratic.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is true of a conventional adhocracy culture?

A)It emphasizes instrumental organizational goals that enhance competitiveness.
B)It emphasizes innovations that enhance ecological well-being.
C)It emphasizes community benefits and treating people with dignity.
D)It emphasizes seeking new opportunities to enhance stakeholders' well-being.

Question 5

According to Edgar Schein,organizational culture is created by _____.

A)Economists
B)Leaders
C)Employees
D)Customers

Question 6

Organizations that adopt a market culture can be best described as:

A)Entrepreneurial open systems that value innovation,risk-taking,bringing new products and services to the market,and staying on the cutting edge of the market.
B)Goal-focused and result-oriented cultures that emphasize productivity as well as the organization's position in the market place.
C)Rule-based bureaucracies that value efficiency,low-cost production,predictability,low turnover,and formal procedures.
D)Extended families that value developing human resources,loyalty,commitment,participation,and teamwork to meet organizational goals.

Question 7

An organization culture can be strengthened via:

A)Differentiation.
B)Socialization.
C)Monopolization.
D)Attrition.

Question 8

Which of the following terms are the bases on which an adhocracy culture defines its success?

A)Teamwork,human resource development,and concern for people
B)Having the newest product and technology and being a product leader
C)Market penetration and market share
D)Efficiency,low-cost production,and dependable delivery

Question 9

Which of the following best describes an adhocracy culture?

A)It is an organizational culture that treats members like an extended family and values developing human resources,loyalty,commitment,participation,and teamwork to meet organizational goals.
B)It is an organizational culture that is goal-focused and results-oriented; it emphasizes productivity as well as the organization's position in the marketplace,while avoiding risk-taking.
C)It is an organizational culture that has a rule-based bureaucracy that values efficiency,low-cost production,predictability,low turnover,and formal procedures.
D)It is an organizational culture that promotes entrepreneurial open systems that value innovation,risk-taking,bringing new products and services to the market,and staying on the cutting edge of the market.

Question 10

A difference between a conventional clan culture and a sustainable clan culture is that:

A)A sustainable clan culture involves improving methods to increase profits,whereas a conventional clan culture involves benefitting the community by non-finance terms.
B)A sustainable clan culture involves benefitting the community by non-finance terms,whereas a conventional clan culture involves improving methods to increase profits.
C)A conventional clan culture promotes collaboratively chosen goals,whereas a sustainable clan culture has autocratic methods of choosing goals.
D)A conventional clan culture promotes collaboratively chosen goals,whereas a sustainable clan culture has more autocratic methods of choosing goals.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of hierarchy organization cultures?

A)They are rule-based bureaucracies.
B)They are much like an extended family.
C)They are based on self-managed systems.
D)They are based on informal procedures.

Question 12

Harry,the CEO of Crescent Corp.,expects the organization to be nothing less than the best in the industry.The organization is currently in the beginning stages of an innovation that is the first of its kind.Despite the risk involved,Harry pushes forward and states that there is no success without risk,and his attitude serves as a motivational factor to the workers.Which of the following organizational cultures does Crescent Corp.follow?

A)An inward-facing culture
B)An adhocracy culture
C)A mechanistic culture
D)A clan culture

Question 13

What are the terms on which a clan culture defines its success?

A)Efficiency,cost of production,and dependable delivery
B)Market penetration and market share
C)Having the newest product and technology and being a product leader
D)Teamwork,human resource development,and concern for people

Question 14

Which of the following is true of the attraction-selection-attrition framework?

A)It sheds light on how organizational cultures can contribute to economic stability.
B)It sheds light on how organizational cultures can contribute to a sense of uniformity.
C)It sheds light on how organizational cultures can contribute to market penetration.
D)It sheds light on how organizational cultures can contribute to production stability.

Question 15

Which of the following is a difference between a conventional adhocracy culture and a sustainable adhocracy culture?

A)A conventional adhocracy culture emphasizes community well-being,whereas a sustainable adhocracy culture emphasizes profit maximization.
B)A conventional adhocracy culture emphasizes community well-being,whereas a sustainable adhocracy culture emphasizes instrumental organizational goals to enhance competitiveness.
C)A conventional adhocracy culture emphasizes profit maximization,whereas a sustainable adhocracy culture emphasizes community well-being.
D)A conventional adhocracy culture emphasizes instrumental organizational goals to enhance competitiveness,whereas a sustainable adhocracy culture emphasizes profit maximization.

Question 16

Chris,the manager of Quad Corp.,has been with the organization for more years than any other employee.He has been consistent in his service to the organization and has played a major part in the success of the organization.He monitors his subordinates closely,looking for inconsistencies and inefficiency.Quad Corp.makes a small profit,which is a result of its cost cutting to maintain a lower cost of production and avoidance of risk.Which of the following organizational cultures does Quad Corp.follow?

A)A clan culture
B)A market culture
C)A hierarchy culture
D)An adhocracy culture

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a conventional clan culture organization?

A)It is any organization that acts like an extended family favouring teamwork,loyalty,commitment,and cohesion.
B)It is any organization that is held together by internal processes,formal procedures,policies,and rules.
C)It is any organization that has open systems that value risk-taking,innovating,and staying on the cutting edge of the market.
D)It is any organization that is dynamic in nature,similar to entrepreneurial set ups.

Question 18

Which of the following terms are the bases on which hierarchy organization cultures define their success?

A)Market penetration and market share
B)Efficiency,low-cost production,and dependable delivery
C)Teamwork,human resource development,and concern for people
D)Having the newest product and technology and being a product leader

Question 19

Which of the following is true of a sustainable clan culture?

A)It places less emphasis on top-down organizational goals originating from leaders.
B)It focuses on benefitting the community by means of finance.
C)It promotes autocracy and centralization of organizational goals.
D)It focuses on increasing profits and reducing the turnover costs of the organization.

Question 20

An organization is said to have a strong culture when:

A)There are high levels of information collection from organizational members.
B)There are higher levels of monitoring of activities by the organizations leaders.
C)There are high levels of consistency among the values held by organizational members.
D)There are higher levels of experimentation in the activities of the organization.

Question 21

A difference between a hierarchy culture and a market culture is that:

A)a hierarchy culture's members favour systems that ensure procedural fairness,whereas a market culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness.
B)a hierarchy culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness,whereas a market culture's members favour systems that ensure procedural fairness.
C)a hierarchy culture's members favour systems that ensure interpersonal fairness,whereas a market culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness.
D)a hierarchy culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness,whereas a market culture's members favour systems that ensure interpersonal fairness.

Question 22

Ron,the CEO of Tristin Corp.,has built the company from scratch.It now produces ten times as much as its competitors and is a market leader in the industry.With demand meeting supply and holding a high market share,Ron states that the organization is extremely successful with its high annual turnover.Tristin Corp.is an example of a(n)_____ culture.

A)Clan
B)Hierarchy
C)Market
D)Adhocracy

Question 23

A(n)_____ is an organization structure that emphasizes experimentation,sensitization,dignification,and participation among an organization's internal stakeholders and operations.

A)Inward-mechanistic structure
B)Outward-facing structure
C)Contingent structure
D)Inward-facing structure

Question 24

In terms of job satisfaction,a hierarchy culture's members primarily favour:

A)Systems that ensure organic fairness.
B)Systems that ensure distributive fairness.
C)Systems that ensure interpersonal fairness.
D)Systems that ensure procedural fairness.

Question 25

Which of the following is true of a routine technology?

A)It is related to an outward orientation and a market culture.
B)It is related to an outward orientation and an adhocracy culture.
C)It is related to an inward orientation and a hierarchical culture.
D)It is related to an inward orientation and a clan culture.

Question 26

Which of the following is a difference between a mechanistic organizational structure and an organic organizational structure?

A)A mechanistic structure is decentralized,whereas an organic structure is highly centralized.
B)A mechanistic structure follows functional departmentalization,whereas an organic structure follows divisional departmentalization.
C)A mechanistic structure places low emphasis on standardization,whereas an organic structure places high emphasis on standardization.
D)A mechanistic structure follows divisional departmentalization,whereas an organic structure follows functional departmentalization.

Question 27

In terms of job satisfaction,a market culture's members primarily favour:

A)Systems that ensure procedural fairness.
B)Systems that ensure interpersonal fairness.
C)Systems that ensure distributive fairness.
D)Systems that ensure organic fairness.

Question 28

A(n)_____ is an organizational structure that emphasizes experimentation,sensitization,dignification,and participation among an organization's external stakeholders and operations.

A)Inward-facing structure
B)Outward-facing structure
C)External-mechanistic structure
D)Inward-sustained structure

Question 29

In terms of job satisfaction,a clan culture's members primarily favour:

A)Systems that ensure interpersonal fairness.
B)Systems that ensure organic fairness.
C)Systems that ensure distributive fairness.
D)Systems that ensure procedural fairness.

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of an organic organization structure?

A)High centralization
B)Narrow specialization
C)Functional departmentalization
D)Low standardization

Question 31

A routine technology may be characterized by:

A)Low analyzability and low variety.
B)High analyzability and low variety.
C)Low analyzability and high variety.
D)High analyzability and high variety.

Question 32

Which of the following is a difference between a market culture and a clan culture?

A)A market culture's members favour systems that ensure interpersonal fairness,whereas a clan culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness.
B)A market culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness,whereas a clan culture's members favour systems that ensure procedural fairness.
C)A market culture's members favour systems that ensure procedural fairness,whereas a clan culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness.
D)A market culture's members favour systems that ensure distributive fairness,whereas a clan culture's members favour systems that ensure interpersonal fairness.

Question 33

Which of the following is a characteristic of a mechanistic organization structure?

A)Broad specialization
B)Relatively high centralization
C)Relatively low levels of standardization
D)Divisional departmentalization

Question 34

A(n)_____ technology creates work with low analyzability and high variety.

A)Engineering
B)Routine
C)Non-routine
D)Craft

Question 35

Which of the following is true of an engineering technology?

A)It is related to an inward orientation and a clan culture.
B)It is related to an inward orientation and a hierarchical culture.
C)It is related to an outward orientation and an adhocracy culture.
D)It is related to an outward orientation and a market culture.

Question 36

Which of the following is true of sustainable market culture?

A)It values winning at all costs.
B)It values friendly competition.
C)It favours a more contemporary commodity market.
D)It places lesser value on innovation.

Question 37

A mechanistic structure is an organizational structure that:

A)Is characterized by relatively high levels of standardization,specialization,and centralization,and by a functional departmentalization.
B)Is characterized by relatively low levels of standardization,specialization,and centralization,and by a divisional departmentalization.
C)Emphasizes experimentation,sensitization,dignification,and participation among an organization's internal stakeholders and operations.
D)Emphasizes experimentation,sensitization,dignification,and participation among an organization's external stakeholders and operations.

Question 38

The Regal Hotel invites its largest shareholders to a monthly meeting in which it briefs them on what is being done in the hotel and receives suggestions and insights from them on its systems and processes.The shareholders are invited to an elaborate dinner and the best service from the friendly staff.Which of the following organization structures is apparent in the Regal Hotel?

A)An inward-facing structure
B)An inward-mechanistic structure
C)An outward-facing structure
D)An outward-mechanistic structure

Question 39

A(n)_____ technology has low analyzability and low variety.

A)Craft
B)Engineering
C)Routine
D)Non-routine

Question 40

The CEO of Grey Inc.makes sure that the organization's investors receive their dividends correctly and are well informed about the organization's financial position.He accepts suggestions from the investors and,in several cases,has incorporated them into the organization's systems.Grey Inc.is an example of an organization with a(n)_____ structure.

A)Inward-facing
B)Outward-mechanistic
C)Outward-facing
D)Differentiation

Question 41

A _____ strategy provides desired goods and services by redeeming previously discarded or underappreciated resources.

A)Minimizer
B)Transformer
C)Differentiation
D)Cost leadership

Question 42

Which of the following is true of a non-routine technology?

A)It is related to an inward orientation and a hierarchical culture.
B)It is related to an outward orientation and a market culture.
C)It is related to an inward orientation and a clan culture.
D)It is related to an outward orientation and an adhocracy culture.

Question 43

Which of the following is a difference between a conventional prospector type organization and a conventional defender type organization?

A)A conventional prospector type organization has an adhocracy culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has a clan culture.
B)A conventional prospector type organization has a hierarchy culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has an adhocracy culture.
C)A conventional prospector type organization has a clan culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has an adhocracy culture.
D)A conventional prospector type organization has an adhocracy culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has a hierarchy culture.

Question 44

_____ organizations are small with a clan culture,an inward-facing culture,a craft technology,and a focused strategy.

A)Conventional simple type
B)Voluntary defender type
C)Voluntary simplicity type
D)Conventional prospector type

Question 45

Organizations that adopt a differentiation strategy:

A)Increase profit margins by keeping financial costs lower than those of competitors,while still maintaining price and quality at roughly the same level as competitors.
B)Offer unique products or services for which buyers are willing to pay a premium price.
C)Choose a small niche in the overall market and concentrate only on that niche market.
D)Offer products and services to buyers at a discounted price in a quest to obtain buyers.

Question 46

Which of the following is a similarity between the voluntary simplicity type organization and the sustainable defender type organization?

A)Both have a clan culture.
B)Both have a hierarchy culture.
C)Both have an inward-facing structure.
D)Both have an outward-facing structure.

Question 47

Which of the following best describes a conventional simple type of organization?

A)It is a small organization with a clan culture,an organic structure,a craft technology,and a focused strategy.
B)It has a hierarchical culture,a mechanistic structure,routine technology,and a cost leadership strategy.
C)It has an adhocracy culture,an organic structure,a non-routine technology,and a differentiation strategy.
D)It is an organization with a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy.

Question 48

Conventional analyzer type organizations:

A)Have an adhocracy culture,an organic structure,a non-routine technology,and a differentiation strategy.
B)Have a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy.
C)Have a market culture,a dual inward- and outward-facing structure,an engineering culture,and a dual minimizer and transformer strategy.
D)Have an adhocracy culture,an outward-facing structure,a non-routine technology,and a transformer strategy.

Question 49

_____ organizations have an adhocracy culture,an organic structure,a non-routine technology,and a differentiation strategy.

A)Conventional prospector type
B)Sustainable defender type
C)Conventional simple type
D)Sustainable analyzer type

Question 50

Which of the following is a difference between a conventional simple type organization and a conventional defender type organization?

A)A conventional simple type organization has a clan culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has an adhocracy culture.
B)A conventional simple type organization has an adhocracy culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has a clan culture.
C)A conventional simple type organization has a hierarchy culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has a clan culture.
D)A conventional simple type organization has a clan culture,whereas a conventional defender type organization has a hierarchy culture.

Question 51

Which of the following is a difference between a sustainable prospector type organization and a sustainable analyzer type organization?

A)A sustainable prospector type organization has a dual minimizer and transformer strategy,whereas a sustainable analyzer type has a differentiation strategy.
B)A sustainable prospector type organization has a transformer strategy,whereas a sustainable analyzer type has a dual minimizer and transformer strategy.
C)A sustainable prospector type organization has a transformer strategy,whereas a sustainable analyzer type has a dual minimizer and differentiation strategy.
D)A sustainable prospector type organization has a differentiation strategy,whereas a sustainable analyzer type has a dual minimizer and transformer strategy.

Question 52

Which of the following best describes the conventional defender type of organization?

A)It is an organization with a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy.
B)It has an adhocracy culture,an organic structure,a non-routine technology,and a differentiation strategy.
C)It has a hierarchical culture,a mechanistic structure,routine technology,and a cost leadership strategy.
D)It is a small organization with a clan culture,an organic structure,a craft technology,and a focused strategy.

Question 53

A _____ strategy refers to increasing profit margins by keeping financial costs lower than those of competitors,while still maintaining price and quality at roughly the same level as competitors.

A)Cost leadership
B)Focus
C)Cost differentiation
D)Routine

Question 54

Sustainable Prospector type organizations:

A)Have a hierarchical culture,a mechanistic structure,a routine technology,and a cost leadership strategy.
B)Have a clan culture,an organic structure,a craft technology,and a focused strategy.
C)Have an adhocracy culture,an outward-facing structure,a non-routine technology,and a transformer strategy.
D)Have a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy.

Question 55

_____ organizations have a hierarchy culture,an inward-facing structure,a routine technology,and a minimizer strategy.

A)Conventional simple type
B)Sustainable defender type
C)Conventional prospector type
D)Sustainable analyzer type

Question 56

Which of the following is a difference between a conventional defender type organization and a conventional analyzer type organization?

A)A conventional defender type organization has an adhocracy culture,whereas a conventional analyzer type organization has a hierarchy culture.
B)A conventional defender type organization has a hierarchy culture,whereas a conventional analyzer type organization has a market culture.
C)A conventional defender type organization has a hierarchy culture,whereas a conventional analyzer type organization has an adhocracy culture.
D)A conventional defender type organization has a market culture,whereas a conventional analyzer type organization has a hierarchy culture.

Question 57

Halo Corp.is led by its CEO,Henry,who has been with the organization since its inception.All the organization's decisions are made collaboratively by the employees and management.Halo Corp.tries its best to ensure its employees have job satisfaction and happiness,providing them with adequate holidays and an annual paid leave.Production is done according to strict company policies and methods.Halo Corp.is an example of a _____ type of organization.

A)Conventional simple
B)Sustainable simple
C)Conventional defender
D)Sustainable defender

Question 58

Noble Corp.has a process where it converts organic waste from expired food products into manure for plants,which it packages and sells to farmers.This is an example of a _____ strategy.

A)Cost leadership
B)Differentiation
C)Minimizer
D)Transformer

Question 59

Largo Inc.is one of the market leaders in the food industry.It ensures that everything it does in the production process is geared toward keeping production costs low.A price cut is then passed on to its customers.Despite its cost control drive,Largo Inc.still makes products that are on par with industry standards.The organization strategy that Largo Inc.has adopted is referred to as a _____ strategy.

A)Cost leadership
B)Differentiation
C)Minimizer
D)Transformer

Question 60

_____ organizations have a market culture,a dual inward- and outward-facing structure,an engineering culture,and a dual minimizer and transformer strategy.

A)Sustainable analyzer type
B)Conventional prospector type
C)Sustainable defender type
D)Conventional simple type

Question 61

_____ type organizations have a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy.

Question 62

Which of the following applies to an organization type with a market culture,a dual mechanistic and organic structure,an engineering technology,and a dual cost leader and differentiation strategy?

A)Conventional analyzer type
B)Sustainable prospector type
C)Conventional prospector type
D)Sustainable defender type

Question 63

Which of the following organization types has a market culture,a dual inward- and outward-facing structure,and a dual minimizer and transformer strategy?

A)Sustainable analyzer type
B)Conventional defender type
C)Sustainable prospector type
D)Conventional prospector type

Question 64

Organizations that offer tailor-made products and services are more profitable when they adopt a(n)_____ structure.

Question 65

_____ are entrepreneurial open systems that value innovation,risk-taking,bringing new products and services to the market,and staying on the cutting edge of the market.

Question 66

Which of the following describes how organizational culture is being created?

A)Sustainable OB emphasizes that it's not only the organization's formal leaders who bring their values and assumptions about how the world works,but other members do the same.
B)Conventional OB emphasizes that it's not only the organization's formal leaders who bring their values and assumptions about how the world works,but other members do the same.
C)Sustainable OB emphasizes that it's only the organization's formal leaders who bring their values and assumptions about how the world works and what is important.
D)Conventional OB tends to embrace diverse voices and multiple forms of well-being that work together to create an organizational culture.

Question 67

_____ refers to the combination of equipment and skills used to acquire,design,produce,and distribute goods and services.

Question 68

_____ refers to the set of shared values,norms,standards,and expectations that influence individuals,teams,and groups to interact with one another and work toward organizational goals.

Question 69

Organizational culture can be strengthened or weakened.Which of the following affects organizational culture?

A)Selection,socialization,or reward recognition
B)Personalities,backgrounds,or attributes
C)According to sustainable OB,only leaders can affect organizational culture
D)According to conventional OB,leaders and other members affect organizational culture

Question 70

Which of the following culture types is competitive,results oriented,and constantly seeking the best way to get the job done,and in which achieving goals in both productivity and market aggressiveness are the hallmarks of the organization?

A)Conventional market culture
B)Sustainable market culture
C)Conventional clan culture
D)Sustainable clan culture

Question 71

_____ type organizations have an adhocracy culture,an outward-facing structure,a non-routine technology,and a transformer strategy.

Question 72

Organizations where predictability is valued tend to have a _____ culture.

Question 73

_____ is the frequency of unexpected,unfamiliar,or different activities involved in performing work.

Question 74

As a new employee,your manager is describing the organizational culture as an entrepreneurial,open system that values innovation,risk-taking,bringing new products and services to market,and staying on the cutting edge of the market.Which of the following applies to this description?

A)Adhocracy organizational culture
B)Market organizational culture
C)Hierarchy organizational culture
D)Clan organizational culture

Question 75

A _____ culture places greater emphasis on goals like finding mutually beneficial ways to cooperate with other stakeholders and improve a community's overall productivity.

Question 76

Which of the following applies to an organization structure that emphasizes experimentation,sensitization,dignification,and participation among an organization's external stakeholders and operations?

A)Outward-facing structure
B)Inward-facing structure
C)Mechanistic structure
D)Organic structure

Question 77

Which type of culture seeks new opportunities to enhance multiple forms of well-being for multiple stakeholders; in other words,how to provide environmentally friendly products in a financially viable way that also benefits other stakeholders?

A)Sustainable adhocracy culture
B)Conventional market culture
C)Conventional clan culture
D)Sustainable hierarchy culture

Question 78

Which of the following applies to the strength or weakness of organizational culture?

A)Once a culture gets established in an organization's structure,it no longer needs the active support of leaders to create and maintain it.
B)Once a culture gets established in an organization's structure,it does need the active support of leaders to create and maintain it.
C)Flexible,balanced culture is more likely not to respond to the diverse requirements of its customers.
D)Culture change is not possible,even if the leader is able to successfully introduce systems and structures associated with a different culture.

Question 79

_____ are like extended families that value developing human resources,loyalty,commitment,participation,and teamwork to meet organizational goals.

Question 80

You have been working for a company for a few years.You have noticed that many of its leaders have adapted to the rule-based bureaucracies that value efficiency,low-cost production,predictability,low turnover,and formal procedures.Which of the following describes this culture?

A)Hierarchy organizational culture
B)Clan organizational culture
C)Market organizational culture
D)Adhocracy organizational culture