Deck 10: Nutrition for a Healthy Weight and Fit Body

Question 1

Which of the following substances is a major factor that influences a person's metabolic rate?

A) leptin
B) thyroid hormone
C) ghrelin
D) salivary amylase

Answer 1

B

Question 2

_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs.

A) Cellulite
B) Bariatric
C) Visceral
D) Subcutaneous

Answer 2

C

Question 3

"Cellulite" is

A) excess subcutaneous fat that can be removed by massage and vitamin therapy.
B) subcutaneous adipose tissue that gives skin a lumpy appearance.
C) a special type of adipose tissue that is stored in thighs and buttocks of women.
D) visceral fat that has developed in thighs and buttocks of both men and women.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following substances has FDA approval for use as a prescription weight loss medication?

A) Saxenda
B) Yohimbe
C) Raspberry ketone
D) Ephedra

Question 5

Which of the following substances doesn't have FDA approval for use as a prescribed weight loss medication?

A) Saxenda
B) Contrave
C) Orlistat
D) Yohimbe

Question 6

To boost his protein and complex carbohydrate intake without adding much solid fat to his diet, Devon can eat

A) peanut butter spread on apple slices and celery sticks.
B) bananas, apples, and grapes.
C) cooked macaroni sprinkled with grated cheese.
D) cheese pizza with sausage bits.

Question 7

Which of the following substances doesn't have FDA approval for use as a prescribed weight loss medication?

A) Contrave
B) Belviq
C) Orlistat
D) Ephedra

Question 8

_____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.

A) Intracellular
B) Subcutaneous
C) Cellulite
D) Visceral

Question 9

Jared is a healthy 23-year-old who exercises but isn't an athlete. Based on this information, most of his body's total energy use is for

A) NEAT.
B) TEF.
C) physical activity.
D) basal metabolism.

Question 10

In 2011-2012, almost _____ % of Americans who were 20 years of age and older were obese.

A) 15
B) 35
C) 25
D) 45

Question 11

Marcia's BMI is 24.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.

A) extremely obese
B) underweight
C) overweight
D) healthy

Question 12

People with BMIs of 30 or more have greater risks of _____ than people with BMIs in the healthy range.

A) anemia
B) osteomalacia
C) hypertension
D) fluorosis

Question 13

Tyrone's BMI is 27.2. Based on this information, his weight is in the _____ range.

A) overweight
B) underweight
C) healthy
D) extremely obese

Question 14

The _____ is a numerical value that's based on the relationship between weight and risk of chronic health problems associated with excess body fat.

A) basal metabolic rate
B) waist/hip ratio
C) body mass index
D) maximal skinfold thickness

Question 15

In the United States, _____ are more likely to be obese than other adults.

A) young Hispanic men
B) white post-menopausal women
C) middle-age men with Asian ancestry
D) non-Hispanic black women

Question 16

Tamara is a 19-year-old female college student. Her percentage of body fat is 8%. Which of the following statements about Tamara is true?

A) Tamara's percentage of body fat is too low.
B) Tamara's percentage of body fat is acceptable, but her body water content is higher than average.
C) Tamara is lean and has a healthy percentage of body fat for a young woman.
D) Tamara's body has too much fat.

Question 17

Dennis wants to gain weight, primarily as lean tissue. In addition to performing resistance exercise regularly, he should

A) increase his protein intake to 60% of total energy intake, eat more complex carbohydrates, and take a multivitamin/multimineral supplement.
B) avoid aerobic activities on the days he doesn't lift weights and eat about 50% of total calories from saturated fat.
C) supplement his diet with essential amino acids and limit his total fat intake to no more than 10% of total kilocalories.
D) add nutrient-dense, healthy sources of energy to his diet, including fatty fish, whole-grain cereals, nuts, peanut butter, and olive oil.

Question 18

_____ is the primary function of adipose cells.

A) Metabolizing amino acids to build muscle tissue
B) Metabolizing glucose to generate heat
C) Storing fat
D) Storing glycogen

Question 19

Craig is a 22-year-old man who has a healthy percentage of body fat. Based on this information, about _____ of his body is fat.

A) 35%
B) 25%
C) 45%
D) 15%

Question 20

Obese people have a greater risk of _____ than people who aren't overfat.

A) skin cancer
B) pernicious anemia
C) rickets
D) type 2 diabetes

Question 21

Basal metabolism includes energy needs for

A) shivering in cold conditions.
B) performing physical activity.
C) circulating blood.
D) digesting food.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true?

A) As the typical person ages, his or her metabolic rate increases slightly.
B) The average woman has a higher metabolic rate than the average man.
C) Fat tissue is more metabolically active than muscle tissue.
D) A person can reduce his or her metabolic rate by eating a very-low-calorie diet.

Question 23

Fred's BMI is 32.4, his waist circumference is 44 inches, and his hip circumference is 40 inches. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of

A) pernicious anemia.
B) cardiovascular disease.
C) ulcerative colitis.
D) elevated HDL cholesterol.

Question 24

The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

A) adrenal
B) salivary
C) hypothalamus
D) thyroid

Question 25

While in class, Barry can't seem to sit still. He constantly taps his feet on the floor and frequently shifts his position. The energy Barry uses for these involuntary movements is classified as

A) thermic effect of food.
B) basal metabolism.
C) resting metabolism.
D) NEAT.

Question 26

Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) breast cancer
B) elevated HDL cholesterol
C) cretinism
D) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 27

Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) gallbladder disease
B) cretinism
C) elevated HDL cholesterol
D) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 28

Tim's body is shaped like a pear, because his excess body fat is distributed mostly below his waist. His body fat distribution is associated with

A) increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.
B) More nutrient deficiency diseases than if the excess fat were in the upper part of his body.
C) fewer serious chronic health problems than if the excess fat were in the upper part of his body.
D) increased risk of osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis, and autoimmune diseases.

Question 29

Basal metabolism includes energy needs for

A) performing physical activity.
B) breathing.
C) fidgeting while studying.
D) digesting food.

Question 30

People with central-body obesity are more likely to develop _____ than people who don't have excess fat in the midsection of their bodies.

A) iron-deficiency anemia
B) type 2 diabetes
C) elevated HDL cholesterol
D) beriberi

Question 31

Obese people are more likely to die of _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) all causes
B) skin cancer
C) type 1 diabetes
D) elevated HDL cholesterol

Question 32

Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) elevated HDL cholesterol
B) cretinism
C) iron-deficiency anemia
D) sleep apnea

Question 33

Which of the following formulas is the best way to estimate your total daily energy needs accurately?

A) Add kilocalories used for basal metabolism, physical activity, and thermic effect of food.
B) Add kilocalories from foods together and subtract those expended for physical activity and NEAT.
C) Add kilocalories needed for basal metabolism and physical activity; then subtract kilocalories used for the thermic effect of food.
D) Add kilocalories needed for basal metabolism to those needed for physical activity.

Question 34

Ashley's BMI is 16.8. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.

A) overweight
B) underweight
C) obese
D) healthy

Question 35

Obese people are more at risk of _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) elevated HDL cholesterol
B) type 1 diabetes
C) stroke
D) skin cancer

Question 36

Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) cretinism
B) elevated HDL cholesterol
C) iron-deficiency anemia
D) colon cancer

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true?

A) An average woman has a higher metabolic rate than an average man.
B) As people grow older, their metabolic rates decline.
C) The aging process causes muscle cells to become fat cells.
D) Fat cells require more energy to function than muscle cells.

Question 38

Shari's BMI is 26.4, her waist circumference is 33 inches, and her hip circumference is 40 inches. Based on this information, she is

A) overweight but doesn't have a higher than average risk of cardiovascular disease.
B) healthy but has an increased risk of type 1 diabetes.
C) underweight but healthy.
D) obese and has elevated HDL cholesterol.

Question 39

Macey's BMI is 30.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.

A) overweight
B) underweight
C) healthy
D) obese

Question 40

Obese people are more likely to develop _____ than people who aren't obese.

A) hypertension
B) elevated HDL cholesterol
C) iron-deficiency anemia
D) cretinism

Question 41

Erin is following a safe and medically sound weight loss program to lose 20 pounds. According to this information, her program

A) limits her energy intake to no more than 800 kcal/day.
B) reduces her metabolic rate by 20%.
C) requires dietary supplements that contain vitamins, minerals, and ephedra.
D) includes regular physical activity.

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Disordered eating practices are psychological disturbances that result in serious health problems, and even death.
B) In the United States, movies, magazines, and other media often portray thinness as the ideal female shape.
C) The treatment of disordered eating practices requires intense therapies designed by a team of experienced health professionals, including registered dietitians.
D) In the United States, young men have a higher risk of developing eating disorders than young women.

Question 43

The weight loss medication orlistat (Alli)

A) increases the metabolic rate by stimulating the release of certain hormones.
B) reduces the amount of fat absorbed by the digestive tract.
C) increases the amount of energy the body expends by NEAT.
D) reduces the rate at which glucose enters cells.

Question 44

George is a 5′ 8′′, 29-year-old man who weighs almost 350 pounds. To lose weight, he's tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills without success. George wants a permanent solution to treat his obesity. George's physician is likely to recommend ______ as the best way to help George lose a lot of weight and avoid regaining much of it.

A) visceral lipectomy
B) frontal lobotomy
C) anterior thyroidectomy
D) sleeve gastrectomy

Question 45

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to

A) weigh themselves only once a month.
B) skip meals, especially breakfast.
C) exercise for at least 60 minutes daily.
D) eat high-protein diets.

Question 46

A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely increases the appetite of underweight people to help them gain weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to stimulate the production, release, or action of

A) leptin.
B) glucagon.
C) insulin.
D) ghrelin.

Question 47

Lily is a 5′4′′, 40-year-old woman who weighs almost 200 pounds. To lose weight, she's tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills without success. She would like a surgical weight loss method that can be easily reversed and does not involve stapling her stomach or cutting her small intestine. Based on this information, her physician is likely to recommend ______ as the best way to help her lose some of her excess weight.

A) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
B) gastric banding
C) total gastrectomy
D) sleeve gastrectomy

Question 48

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to

A) weigh themselves only once a month.
B) eat a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
C) exercise for at least 30 minutes daily.
D) limit the time they spend watching TV.

Question 49

Lilly's BMI is 42.3. She is disgusted with herself because she eats excessive amounts of food, even when she's not hungry. However, the idea of purging to eliminate the calories doesn't appeal to her. Based on this information, Lilly has

A) disordered eating.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 50

According to the "set point theory," a person's

A) metabolic rate remains the same, regardless of environmental or physical factors.
B) saturated fat intake strongly influences the rate at which he or she loses weight.
C) body weight is influenced primarily by environmental factors.
D) body fat level is genetically determined.

Question 51

Compared to other mice, a mouse that has a "thrifty metabolism"

A) metabolizes more glucose than fatty acids for energy.
B) burns three times more fat.
C) gains weight more easily.
D) loses excess food energy in the form of body heat.

Question 52

In general, members of the National Weight Control Registry don't

A) weigh themselves at least once a week.
B) eat a high-protein, very-low-carbohydrate diet.
C) limit the time they spend watching TV.
D) exercise for at least 60 minutes daily.

Question 53

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to

A) eat breakfast regularly.
B) weigh themselves only once a month.
C) eat a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
D) exercise for at least 30 minutes daily.

Question 54

A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal.

A) 3500
B) 2500
C) 1500
D) 4500

Question 55

A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to stimulate the production, release, or action of

A) insulin.
B) ghrelin.
C) glucagon.
D) leptin.

Question 56

Which of the following statements is true?

A) A positive energy state results in weight loss.
B) Fat cells produce leptin, a hormone that can reduce hunger.
C) Ghrelin is an enzyme that breaks down fat in the stomach.
D) Satiety is the feeling that drives a person to consume food.

Question 57

A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to block the production, release, or action of

A) thyroid hormone.
B) insulin.
C) ghrelin.
D) leptin.

Question 58

_____ limits the amount of food a person can eat at one time.

A) Bariatric surgery
B) Liposuction solution
C) Stomachectomy
D) Colonoscopy

Question 59

Consuela is an overweight young woman who wants to lose 10 pounds in 10 weeks. The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to

A) increase her protein-rich food intake.
B) decrease her usual energy intake.
C) increase her daily vitamin D intake.
D) decrease her physical activity.

Question 60

Risk factors for eating disorders include

A) having a job in the fast food industry.
B) living in a major city in the United States.
C) being female.
D) experiencing physical abuse as an adult.

Question 61

Ginny is a 20-year-old world class gymnast who suffers from female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has

A) low energy intake.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) high bone density.
D) metabolic syndrome.

Question 62

Most people who suffer from anorexia nervosa

A) have high self-esteem.
B) die within 1 year of treatment.
C) have more than one menstrual period each month.
D) are emotionally disturbed about their body weight.

Question 63

People who have bulimia nervosa typically avoid gaining weight after bingeing on food by

A) abusing stimulant drugs, such as cocaine, caffeine, and ephedra.
B) abusing alcohol.
C) taking thyroid hormone supplements to increase their metabolic rate.
D) purging, including self-induced vomiting.

Question 64

Conditions associated with the female athlete triad include

A) tooth decay.
B) bone mineral irregularities.
C) tears and bleeding of the esophagus.
D) metabolic syndrome.

Question 65

Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?

A) Doing yoga
B) Running
C) Bowling
D) Static stretching

Question 66

People who exercise regularly are more likely to develop ____ than people who don't exercise regularly.

A) type 2 diabetes
B) bulimia
C) depression
D) stronger bones

Question 67

During a dental examination, the dentist notices that the enamel on the back sides of Andrew's teeth has eroded, and the some of the teeth are decaying. Based on this information, the dentist suspects that Andrew

A) has a vitamin D deficiency disorder.
B) frequently makes himself vomit after purging.
C) eats foods that contain too much dietary fiber.
D) is not brushing his teeth regularly.

Question 68

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of

A) spina bifida.
B) megaloblastic anemia.
C) cretinism.
D) type 2 diabetes.

Question 69

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of

A) goiter.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) breast cancer.
D) anemia.

Question 70

Wendy is a 17-year-old world class gymnast who suffers from female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has

A) abnormal menstrual cycles.
B) high bone density.
C) type 1 diabetes.
D) metabolic syndrome.

Question 71

Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?

A) Stretching
B) Doing household chores
C) Stair stepping
D) Bowling

Question 72

Lilly's BMI is 14.8. She thinks she's fat, so she exercises intensely for at least 3 hours each day to keep from gaining weight. She's a "picky eater" who often chews a mouthful of food for several minutes before spitting it out. She wears layers of clothing, even in warm weather, because she feels cold, Based on this information, Lilly probably has

A) anorexia nervosa.
B) disordered eating.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 73

Most females who suffer from anorexia nervosa

A) have shrunken breasts and buttocks.
B) have positive self-esteem.
C) die, even after beginning treatment.
D) want to gain weight.

Question 74

Which of the following conditions or behaviors is a characteristic sign of a person with anorexia nervosa?

A) Maintaining a body weight that's 15% or more below the healthy weight for his or her height
B) Having a metabolic rate that's 10 to 25% above normal
C) Consuming excessive doses of dietary supplements daily
D) Overeating in social situations

Question 75

Lilly's BMI is 24.8. When she's feeling depressed or "stressed out," she'll eat a lot of empty calories, including bags of cookies and cartons of ice cream. After overeating these foods, she goes to a bathroom and makes herself vomit. She's disgusted with her out-of-control eating practices and purging behaviors, so she hides them from her friends and family members. Based on this information, Lilly probably has

A) disordered eating.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.

Question 76

By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of

A) pernicious anemia.
B) type 1 diabetes.
C) spina bifida.
D) cardiovascular disease.

Question 77

After bingeing on cakes and cookies, Bonnie practices self-induced vomiting to avoid gaining weight. Based on this information, you'd expect to notice _____ as a sign of her purging behavior.

A) cuts on her forehead
B) bruises on her cheeks
C) swelling of her lips
D) sores on her knuckles

Question 78

Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?

A) Performing squats
B) Stretching
C) Line dancing
D) Cycling

Question 79

Michelle's weekly exercise program includes stair stepping, static stretching, cycling, and push-ups. Which of these activities is generally classified as a flexibility exercise?

A) Cycling
B) Static stretching
C) Stair stepping
D) Push-ups

Question 80

Including exercise in your daily routine can reduce your risk of

A) ulcerative colitis.
B) colon cancer.
C) type 1 diabetes.
D) anemia.