Deck 16: Respiratory System

Question 1

The left lung is larger than the right lung.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible is a measurement of that person's vital capacity.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Laryngitis is a potentially dangerous condition because it may cause

A) obstruction of the esophagus.
B) obstruction of the airway.
C) pressure on the thyroid gland.
D) inner ear infection.
E) difficulty swallowing.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The walls of the alveoli are composed of

A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
B) simple squamous epithelium.
C) stratified squamous epithelium.
D) loose connective tissue.
E) dense connective tissue.

Question 5

Carbon monoxide bonds to hemoglobin more strongly than does oxygen.

Question 6

The condition of newborns called respiratory distress syndrome is caused by

A) lack of surfactant.
B) lack of a hyaline membrane.
C) low oxygen concentration in the inspired air.
D) high oxygen concentration in the inspired air.
E) thick mucus clogging the airways.

Question 7

The left lung has only two lobes,while the right lung has three.

Question 8

The procedure used to directly examine the trachea and bronchial tree is called

A) bronchoscopy.
B) tracheostomy.
C) tracheotomy.
D) laryngectomy.
E) lobectomy.

Question 9

The vocal cords are located within the

A) pharynx.
B) larynx.
C) trachea.
D) oral cavity.
E) nasal cavity.

Question 10

The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords.

Question 11

The pectoralis minor and the sternocleidomastoid muscles are useful in aiding forced expiration.

Question 12

Microorganisms removed from incoming air by sticky airway mucus are most likely to be destroyed by

A) toxins in the mucus.
B) the sweeping action of cilia.
C) the digestive action of gastric juice.
D) lack of oxygen.
E) high heat.

Question 13

Cancer that originates in the lungs is most likely to develop from

A) epithelial cells.
B) smooth muscle cells.
C) loose connective tissue cells.
D) hyaline cartilage cells.
E) nervous tissue cells.

Question 14

The walls of the nasal cavity are composed of

A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
B) simple squamous epithelium.
C) stratified squamous epithelium.
D) loose connective tissue.
E) dense connective tissue.

Question 15

The organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the thorax.

Question 16

A breathing pattern that eliminates too much CO₂ is called hyperventilation.

Question 17

Serous fluid in the pleural cavity tends to hold the visceral and parietal pleural membranes together.

Question 18

Most of the inspired air eventually ends up in the

A) larynx.
B) trachea.
C) stomach.
D) alveoli.
E) bronchi.

Question 19

The potential space between the pleural membranes is called the pleural cavity.

Question 20

Microorganisms trapped in the mucus of the nasal cavity eventually end up in the

A) larynx.
B) trachea.
C) stomach.
D) alveoli.
E) bronchi.

Question 21

The layer of serous membrane that is firmly attached to the surface of a lung is called the visceral ________.

Question 22

The visceral and parietal pleural membranes are normally held together by

A) loose connective tissue.
B) dense connective tissue.
C) serous fluid in the pleural cavity.
D) surfactant in the pleural cavity.
E) elastic connective tissue.

Question 23

Breathing rate is most likely to increase if the blood level of

A) carbon dioxide decreases.
B) carbon dioxide increases.
C) hydrogen ions decrease.
D) oxygen increases.
E) carbon dioxide stays constant.

Question 24

Hyperventilation causes

A) a decrease in plasma pCO₂.
B) an increase in plasma pCO₂.
C) a decrease in plasma PO₂.
D) a decrease in plasma pH.
E) none of the above are correct

Question 25

Which of the following muscles would be most helpful for forceful expiration?

A) diaphragm
B) external intercostals
C) abdominal wall muscles
D) sternocleidomastoids
E) all of the above

Question 26

The additional volume of air that can be inhaled at the end of a resting inspiration is called the

A) expiratory reserve volume.
B) residual volume.
C) inspiratory reserve volume.
D) vital capacity.
E) tidal volume.

Question 27

The amount of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a respiratory cycle is the

A) tidal volume.
B) residual volume.
C) vital capacity.
D) total lung capacity.
E) expiratory reserve volume.

Question 28

The receptors of the inflation reflex are most sensitive to

A) touch.
B) stretch.
C) temperature changes.
D) pH changes.
E) oxygen levels.

Question 29

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase speeds up the reaction between

A) carbon dioxide and water.
B) carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions.
C) water and bicarbonate ions.
D) water and hydrogen ions.
E) adjacent water molecules.

Question 30

The muscular action that causes air to move into the lungs during inspiration is provided by

A) the diaphragm.
B) internal intercostal muscles.
C) abdominal wall muscles.
D) expiratory intercostal muscles.
E) all of the above.

Question 31

Carbaminohemoglobin is formed when hemoglobin bonds with

A) amino acids.
B) carbon atoms.
C) carbon dioxide.
D) carbonic anhydrase.
E) carbohydrates.

Question 32

Emphysema is characterized by a decrease in:

A) total surface area of the respiratory membrane.
B) alveolar wall elasticity.
C) alveolar capillary networks.
D) all of these.
E) none of these.

Question 33

Which of the following is a value that cannot be measured or calculated using a simple spirometer?

A) tidal volume
B) vital capacity
C) expiratory reserve volume
D) total lung capacity
E) inspiratory reserve volume

Question 34

The additional volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs at the end of a resting expiration is called the

A) expiratory reserve volume.
B) residual volume.
C) inspiratory reserve volume.
D) vital capacity.
E) tidal volume.

Question 35

The respiratory membrane consists of

A) a single thickness of epithelial cells,but not the basement membrane.
B) a single thickness of epithelial cells and the basement membrane.
C) two thicknesses of epithelial cells,but not their basement membranes.
D) two thicknesses of epithelial cells and their basement membranes.
E) a single thickness of basement membrane.

Question 36

Gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the blood in nearby capillaries occurs by the process of

A) active transport.
B) osmosis.
C) diffusion.
D) facilitated diffusion.
E) endocytosis.

Question 37

The force responsible for normal resting expiration is supplied by

A) the diaphragm.
B) external intercostal muscles.
C) elastic recoil of the lungs.
D) dilation of bronchial smooth muscle.
E) sternocleidomastoid muscles.

Question 38

________ is a substance secreted by cells in the lungs that reduces surface tension.

Question 39

The volume of air that can be expelled from completely filled lungs is called the

A) expiratory reserve volume.
B) residual volume.
C) inspiratory reserve volume.
D) vital capacity.
E) tidal volume.

Question 40

The condition in which outside air enters the pleural cavity is called

A) pneumonia.
B) pneumothorax.
C) pulmonary ventilation.
D) internal respiration.
E) alveolar ventilation.

Question 41

Within a mixture of gases,the pressure created by each gas is called its ________ pressure.

Question 42

A voluntary increase in the rate and depth of breathing is called ________.

Question 43

The respiratory centers are located in the medulla oblongata and the pons of the ________.