Deck 23: Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Question 1

Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of cnidarians. Select the exception.

A)ciliated larvae
B)polyp form
C)jellylike matrix
D)nematocyst
E)pharynx

Answer 1

E

Question 2

A gastrovascular cavity is present in ____.

A)flatworms only
B)cnidarians only
C)both roundworms and annelids
D)both cnidarians and flatworms
E)mollusks

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Nematocysts in cnidarians are ____.

A)reproductive cells
B)excretory organs
C)sets of muscle cells
D)circulatory cells
E)defensive cells

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The protist that is most closely related to animals is the ____.

A)amoeba
B)choanoflagellate
C)dinoflagellate
D)euglenoid
E)paramecium

Question 5

A mantle is found only among the ____.

A)arthropods
B)annelids
C)echinoderms
D)mollusks
E)chordates

Question 6

Which characteristics best describe earthworms?

A)polychaete; fluid filled coelom
B)oligochaete; open circulatory system
C)moves by longitudinal muscle contraction; hydrostatic skeleton
D)oligochaete; scavengers; closed circulatory system
E)hermaphrodites that fertilize themselves; open circulatory system

Question 7

Four of the five answers listed below are molluscan body features. Select the exception.

A)gills
B)head and foot
C)mantle
D)conspicuous segmentation
E)radula

Question 8

How do marine polychaetes use chitin-hardened body parts?

A)as chitin-reinforced bristles for movement only
B)as chitin-hardened tentacles to move sand only
C)as chitin-hardened jaws to capture prey only
D)as chitin-hardened jaws to capture prey and chitin-hardened tentacles to move sand
E)as chitin-reinforced bristles for movement and chitin-hardened jaws to capture prey

Question 9

Bilateral symmetry is characteristic of ____.

A)cnidarians
B)sponges
C)jellyfish
D)flatworms
E)coral polyps

Question 10

Molting in arthropods involves primarily a change in ____.

A)sex
B)body size
C)eating habits
D)sensory structures
E)larval to adult stages

Question 11

The mollusks with the largest brain and most complex behavior are the ____.

A)chitins
B)cephalopods
C)gastropods
D)bivalves
E)chelicerates

Question 12

Which animals have a gut with two openings (a mouth and an anus)?

A)cnidarians
B)annelids
C)flatworms
D)sponges
E)tapeworms

Question 13

Which group is characterized by radially symmetrical members?

A)arthropods
B)cnidarians
C)flatworms
D)mollusks
E)annelids

Question 14

The smallest adult chelicerates are ____.

A)horseshoe crabs
B)mites
C)scorpions
D)spiders
E)ticks

Question 15

The only winged invertebrates are from which group?

A)Hymenoptera
B)arachnids
C)crustaceans
D)insects
E)Coleoptera

Question 16

The presence of earthworms ____.

A)increases free nitrogen in the environment
B)reduces the presence of parasitic flatworms
C)results in sandier soil
D)increases crop yields
E)decreases native biodiversity

Question 17

The sea slugs (nudibranchs) may protect themselves by which method?

A)Their raspy radula may be used as a defense organ to injure potential predators.
B)They make and secrete distasteful substances.
C)They use camouflage.
D)They hide in their shells.
E)They use defensive weapons taken from their prey (toxins and nematocysts).

Question 18

"Nerve net" describes the nervous system of ____.

A)flatworms
B)cnidarians
C)annelids
D)arthropods
E)sponges

Question 19

Four of the five answers are features of the echinoderms. Select the exception.

A)spiny skin
B)decentralized nervous system
C)radial symmetry
D)a water-vascular system
E)a mantle

Question 20

An animal with bilateral symmetry ____.

A)has no defined body sides
B)usually has no body cavity
C)has body parts repeated around a central axis
D)has left and right sides
E)is not typical of animals with a three-layer body plan

Question 21

A flatworm moves nutrients and gases through its body using ____.

A)a digestive system only
B)a gastrovascular system only
C)simple diffusion
D)a digestive and gastrovascular system
E)a digestive and respiratory system

Question 22

Elephantiasis is caused by damage of valves that affect the flow of ____.

A)intestinal contents
B)lymph
C)blood
D)urine
E)cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

Which animal group does not have tissues?

A)nematodes
B)sponges
C)echinoderms
D)flatworms
E)cnidarians

Question 24

Arthropods usually detect chemicals in water or air with their ____.

A)antennae
B)legs
C)mouths
D)noses
E)eyes

Question 25

The intestinal parasite Ascaris lumbricoides currently infects more than one billion people. Which group is it in?

A)flatworms
B)roundworms
C)annelids
D)cnidarians
E)arthropods

Question 26

In bilateral animals, ____ is contained within a cavity, cushions the gut during body movements, and is a means by which materials are distributed throughout the body.

A)a coelom
B)mesoderm
C)a mantle
D)a water-vascular system
E)coelomic fluid

Question 27

Which feature is a disadvantage of an exoskeleton?

A)It must be shed (and a new one made) for its owner to grow.
B)It does not anchor muscles as efficiently as an endoskeleton.
C)It allows for excess water loss.
D)It is not flexible enough to allow a full range of movement.
E)It is not able to absorb pigments for sufficient camouflage.

Question 28

Animals with ____ have a distinctive head end with a concentration of nerve cells and typically move through the environment headfirst.

A)endodermal tissue
B)ectodermal tissue
C)mesodermal tissue
D)radial symmetry
E)bilateral symmetry

Question 29

Spiders use which mouthparts for subduing prey?

A)mandibles
B)pedipalps
C)chelicerae
D)maxillae
E)labial palps

Question 30

Four of the five answers listed below are descriptive of annelids. Select the exception.

A)closed circulatory system
B)fluid-filled coelom
C)jointed appendages
D)segmented body
E)tubular gut

Question 31

Cnidarians have an outer layer derived from ectoderm, an inner layer from endoderm, and a ____.

A)middle layer of mesoderm
B)watery middle layer
C)well-developed brain
D)jellylike matrix in between
E)complete gut

Question 32

Which condition is not caused or transmitted by an insect?

A)schistosomiasis
B)reduced lumber harvests
C)significant damage to food crops
D)typhus
E)malaria

Question 33

Four of the five answers listed below are members of a common group. Select the exception.

A)sea star
B)sea anemone
C)sea urchin
D)brittle star
E)sea cucumber

Question 34

Which statement most accurately describes the deuterostomes?

A)The first opening on the embryo surface becomes the mouth.
B)Their food and wastes enter and exit through the same body opening.
C)They have an incomplete digestive system.
D)They have radial symmetry.
E)Their mouth develops from the second embryonic opening.

Question 35

Which group can be distinguished from the other arthropods by its possession of two pairs of antennae?

A)insects
B)millipedes
C)chelicerates
D)crustaceans
E)trilobites

Question 36

A mollusk radula is similar to a(n) ____.

A)foot
B)tongue
C)ear
D)hair
E)mouth

Question 37

A scolex is ____.

A)the anterior attachment organ of a tapeworm
B)the feeding organ of a fluke
C)an appendage of a sandworm
D)the egg of a sea star
E)the larva of an aquatic insect

Question 38

Which animals have a collagen cuticle, a pseudocoelom, a tubular digestive system and no respiratory or circulatory organs?

A)roundworms
B)cnidarians
C)flatworms
D)annelids
E)sponges

Question 39

A major explosion of animal diversity in which all major marine lineages were formed took place during which period?

A)Cambrian
B)Carboniferous
C)Devonian
D)Permian
E)Proterozoic

Question 40

Which statement most accurately describes incomplete metamorphosis?

A)A larva grows and turns first into a pupa, and then into an adult.
B)Development is never fully complete and an immature adult is eventually hatched.
C)An egg hatches into a nymph that gradually takes on the adult form over the course of several molts.
D)Insects hatch from an egg looking like a tiny adult and they simply grow bigger with each molt.
E)There is no such thing as incomplete metamorphosis, since all eggs eventually become functional adults.

Question 41

Arthropod success cannot be attributed to which adaptation?

A)modified segments
B)jointed appendages
C)closed circulatory system
D)sensory specialization
E)specialized developmental stages

Question 42

Where are nematocysts located on a cnidarian's body?

A)on lid cells
B)in a cnidocyte
C)on the base of polyps
D)around the ectodermal outside of the body
E)on mesoderm cells

Question 43

A closed circulatory system is present in ____.

A)arthropods
B)sponges
C)flatworms
D)mollusks
E)annelids

Question 44

The term 'coral bleaching' refers to ____.

A)the loss of a protist symbiont by a reef-building coral
B)the growth of new cnidarians within a reef
C)the color change in coral reefs as they become mature
D)an invasion of a coral reef by a colorless protist as opposed to a green, photosynthetic one
E)the loss of the calcium carbonate skeleton of cnidarian polyps

Question 45

Wings enable insects to ____.

A)utilize diverse resources
B)disperse more widely than any other land invertebrate
C)move faster than any other land invertebrate
D)outcompete flightless invertebrates
E)use multiple methods of reproduction

Question 46

Most animals show ____ symmetry.

A)bilateral
B)multilateral
C)no
D)radial
E)unilateral

Question 47

What structures do barnacles use to capture their food?

A)antennae
B)shells
C)legs
D)heads
E)siphons

Question 48

The most diverse animal phylum is the ____, and the most diverse animals within this phylum are the ____.

A)Cnidaria; sponges
B)Annelida; polychaetes
C)Echinodermata; sea stars
D)Mollusca; gastropods
E)Arthropoda; insects

Question 49

Four of the five answers listed below are arthropods. Select the exception.

A)barnacles
B)bumblebees
C)spiders
D)octopuses
E)ticks

Question 50

Both the largest and fastest invertebrates are in which mollusk group?

A)slugs
B)cephalopods
C)gastropods
D)bivalves
E)cnidarians

Question 51

A digestive system with ____ is able to carry out various tasks of digestion at once.

A)bilateral symmetry
B)collar cells
C)a one-way tube, a mouth, and an anus
D)radula
E)a two way sac-like cavity

Question 52

Which annelid subgroup has many chitin-reinforced bristles called chaetae on their segments?

A)polychaetes
B)oligochaetes
C)leeches
D)earthworms
E)tapeworms

Question 53

Each tapeworm proglottid contains ____.

A)sperm only
B)fertilized eggs only
C)cysts
D)fertilized eggs and sperm only
E)eggs, sperm, and fertilized eggs

Question 54

The injectable pain-killing drug called Prialt is an improvement over morphine-type drugs because it ____.

A)can easily be extracted from cone snails
B)is less expensive to produce than morphine
C)also removes the memory of pain from the affected person
D)is not addictive
E)is from invertebrates

Question 55

Which animal(s) have four pairs of walking legs attached to their cephalothorax and no antennae?

A)ticks and mites
B)insects
C)crustaceans
D)myriapods
E)arachnids

Question 56

Which are deuterostomes?

A)annelids
B)echinoderms
C)arthropods
D)mollusks
E)flatworms

Question 57

A water-vascular system is unique to the ____.

A)arthropods
B)annelids
C)chordates
D)mollusks
E)echinoderms

Question 58

A typical sponge is ____ because it produces ____ cells.

A)a hermaphrodite; only egg
B)parthenogenetic; both egg and sperm
C)a hermaphrodite; both egg and sperm
D)parthenogenetic; only egg
E)a hermaphrodite; only sperm

Question 59

The most diverse animal group is the ____.

A)mollusks
B)insects
C)nematodes
D)chordates
E)cnidarians

Question 60

The vast majority of animals are ____.

A)mammals
B)invertebrates
C)vertebrates
D)birds
E)predators

Question 61

The function of the collar cells of sponges is to ____.

A)secrete a matrix that supports the body of the sponge
B)filter and engulf food
C)digest food
D)produce eggs and sperm
E)attach the sponge to a solid surface

Question 62

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
includes the only terrestrial mollusks

Question 63

Which group has a tentacle ringed mouth and a gastrovascular cavity?

A)sponges
B)cnidarians
C)flatworms
D)annelids
E)arthropods

Question 64

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
feed by drawing water across their gills

Question 65

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
glide about on a broad muscular foot

Question 66

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
all have a hinged, two part shell

Question 67

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
have a tubular gut

Question 68

Sea stars detect movement and light ____.

A)through vibrations in the water
B)using eyespots at the tips of the arms
C)using eyespots on the top of the mouth
D)through electrical pulses
E)through their skin

Question 69

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
all are predators

Question 70

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
most have a beaklike, biting mouthparts in addition to a radula.

Question 71

Unlike most other animals, sponges lack which of the following?

A)a digestive tract only
B)a symmetrical body plan only
C)tissues only
D)a digestive tract and a symmetrical body plan only
E)a digestive tract, a symmetrical body plan, and tissues

Question 72

Match the description to the correct mollusk group.
a.gastropods
b.bivalves
c.cephalopods
d.all mollusk groups
have a mantle