Deck 9: Friendship and Love

Question 1

Close relationships

A) take a lot of time and energy to maintain.
B) are related to well-being,happiness,and health.
C) are related to abuse,deception,and break-ups.
D) are all of these.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

_____ is the initial desire to form a relationship.

A) Proximity
B) Attraction
C) Familiarity
D) Physicality

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Support for the idea that women have learned to value men's economic strength is supported by the finding that

A) women in countries with limited educational and career opportunities for females show the strongest preferences for men with high incomes.
B) as women's economic power increases,so does their preference for a physically attractive male.
C) virtually all cultures have a long history of discrimination toward women.
D) all of these apply.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

An increase in positive feelings toward a novel stimulus or person based on frequent exposure is called

A) familiarity.
B) physical attraction.
C) the mere exposure effect.
D) the proximity effect.

Question 5

Alice found Ted facially attractive because of his strong jaw and broad forehead called

A) receding hairline.
B) neonate qualities.
C) mature features.
D) expressive traits.

Question 6

Elena spends a lot of time texting Monique about her upcoming wedding.When Monique forgave her husband for bad behavior,Elena felt despair and anger with Monique for giving in.These feelings exemplify

A) the draw of proximity.
B) a dysfunctional relationship.
C) the paradox of close relationships.
D) the end of a friendship.

Question 7

In the past 50 years,the importance of physical attractiveness in a dating partner among American college students has

A) increased for men,but not for women.
B) increased for both sexes.
C) decreased for both sexes.
D) decreased for men,but not for women.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT necessarily true about close relationships?

A) They are important.
B) They are long lasting.
C) They are interdependent.
D) They are emotionally intimate.

Question 9

In an international Internet survey,Lippa found

A) that men ranked good looks higher than women.
B) that women ranked humor and kindness higher than men.
C) that intelligence,humor,honesty,kindness,and good looks were ranked in that order as the most important traits in a partner.
D) all of these.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT related to the qualities of attractiveness?

A) Expressive traits
B) Grooming qualities
C) Matching looks
D) Mature features

Question 11

The number of cosmetic surgeries in the United States in 2008 includes

A) over 350,000 breast augmentations in one year.
B) a rise in cosmetic eyelid surgery over 10 years.
C) nearly doubling liposuction over a 10 year period.
D) all of these.

Question 12

______ refers to geographic,residential,and other forms of spatial closeness.

A) Proximity
B) Familiarity
C) Similarity
D) Personal space

Question 13

Raul noticed that when he saw other students from his history class,he felt friendly toward them,whether he had interacted with them in the class or not.He is experiencing

A) a chance response.
B) the proximity effect.
C) physical attraction.
D) the mere exposure effect.

Question 14

People take into consideration their own level of attractiveness when dating.This is called the

A) survival instinct.
B) resource exchange.
C) reproductive capacity.
D) matching hypothesis.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons proximity increases attraction?

A) People who are near each other are more likely to find out their similarities.
B) Physical attractiveness is more easily noticed.
C) Living or working close by costs less in terms of time and energy.
D) The person becomes more familiar.

Question 16

Which of the following are factors in forming friendships?

A) Proximity
B) Familiarity
C) Physical attractiveness
D) All of these

Question 17

Positive feelings arise just on the basis of seeing someone

A) whether there is interaction or not.
B) based on the amount of interaction.
C) because of the familiarity interaction effect.
D) regardless of whether their faces are familiar or not.

Question 18

Bob found Carol attractive with her neonate qualities of

A) broad forehead,thin lips,and large eyes.
B) large eyes,prominent cheekbones,small nose,and full lips.
C) small nose,eyes,and mouth.
D) large eyes,nose,and mouth.

Question 19

The importance of physical appearance

A) is less important than trustworthiness in sexual relationships.
B) is more important than trustworthiness for life partner relationships.
C) is less important for a marriage partner than for a dating relationship.
D) is the same for life relationships as for dating relationships.

Question 20

Who is more likely to request a physically attractive prospective dating partner in a personal advertisement?

A) Homosexual females compared to heterosexual males
B) Homosexual males compared to heterosexual males
C) Homosexual males and females compared to heterosexual males
D) Homosexual and heterosexual males compared to homosexual and heterosexual females

Question 21

According to Fehr,women's friendships tend to be

A) mostly talking about other people.
B) about shared interests and doing things together.
C) closer and more satisfying because they involve more self-disclosure than men's.
D) all of these.

Question 22

The actions and activities used to sustain the desired quality of a relationship is called

A) relationship maintenance.
B) social networking.
C) social comparison theory.
D) task sharing.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT listed as a way in which heterosexual married couples tend to be similar?

A) Intelligence
B) Weight
C) Attitudes
D) Education

Question 24

Which of the following are key elements of a good friendship?

A) Emotional support
B) Having different activities than each other
C) Stress to bring you together
D) Not expecting friends to be sources of fun and recreation

Question 25

Louis was noticing that his relationship with Chris was doing well after six months.He admits he is especially happy that Chris seems to like him as well.This is called

A) reciprocal liking.
B) self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) relationship maintenance.
D) similarity desirability.

Question 26

Lucy has offended her friend Charlie by tricking him into falling down on the playground.Lucy thinks it is funny,but Charlie feels humiliated.In order for their friendship to continue,the first thing that can help repair the friendship is for

A) Lucy to tell Charlie how sorry she is.
B) Charlie to ask Lucy for an explanation.
C) Charlie to accept Lucy's apology.
D) Charlie to stop playing with Lucy.

Question 27

Beverly had a sexual relationship with Sylvia.They have since broken up.They are more likely to maintain a social relationship because

A) creating a safe space through their connection is especially important compared to heterosexuals.
B) heterosexuals have more support from families than they do.
C) heterosexuals have more support from societal institutions than they do.
D) of all of these.

Question 28

The best predictors of marital satisfaction are the relationship management strategies of

A) positivity,openness,and assurances.
B) assurances,positivity,and sharing tasks.
C) no flirting,openness,and joint activities.
D) social networking,no flirting,and joint activities.

Question 29

During the process of friendship repair,the offender

A) begs forgiveness.
B) offers a remedy by taking responsibility and offering a justification,apology,or concession.
C) should accept the remedy so the relationship can progress.
D) is the one who decides if the friendship should be terminated.

Question 30

Which of the following relationship management strategies is NOT one of the best predictors of marital satisfaction?

A) Positivity
B) Assurances
C) Humor
D) Sharing tasks

Question 31

Who is least likely to maintain social contact with former sexual partners?

A) Heterosexual men and women
B) Lesbians
C) Gay men
D) None of these

Question 32

Research supports which of the following statements more?

A) "People of opposite sexes cannot just be friends."
B) "If you want a friend,find a friend."
C) "Opposites attract."
D) "Birds of a feather flock together."

Question 33

The boundaries between friendship and romantic relationships of homosexuals appear to be _____ than those of heterosexuals.

A) more problematic
B) more complex
C) less meaningful
D) less difficult

Question 34

The first step in friendship repair is

A) the offender apologizing.
B) the offender recognizing they have done something wrong.
C) the offended party forgiving the offender.
D) the offended party acknowledging the problem and asking the offender for an explanation.

Question 35

Which of the following are the three steps in friendship repair rituals?

A) Reproach,remedy,acknowledge
B) Re-break,remedy,repair
C) Lighting candles,praying,meditating
D) Role-playing,rest,repair

Question 36

An active and ongoing process of continuing mutual self-disclosure and maintaining relationship-enhancing beliefs and attributions about one's partner

A) is called minding.
B) involves using good listening skills.
C) includes expressing feelings of commitment and having an optimistic view of the future of the relationship.
D) All of these apply.

Question 37

_____ suggests that basic differences between males and females are based in biological reality of reproduction time,energy,and risk investment.

A) Matching hypothesis
B) Parental investment theory
C) Sociocultural model theory
D) Resource exchange theory

Question 38

After getting acquainted,two factors that keep the relationship going are

A) attractiveness and interest.
B) reciprocal liking and lifestyle similarity.
C) lifestyle similarity and attractiveness.
D) reciprocal liking and perceived similarity.

Question 39

_____ is/are a factor that is associated with relationship satisfaction more attraction due to actual similarity.

A) Demographic characteristics
B) Intelligence
C) Attitudes
D) Personality

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a step in friendship repair rituals?

A) Reproach
B) Remedy
C) Reliving
D) Acknowledgement

Question 41

Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in the area of love and romance?

A) Men and women have more differences than similarities when it comes to relationships.
B) Women are more likely to report physical symptoms associated with being in love.
C) Women are more likely to hold the romantic belief that there is one perfect love in the world for everyone.
D) All of these are true.

Question 42

Barbie loves Ken and believes they have passion and commitment.She doesn't really care about how much they self-disclose.They have a _____ relationship.

A) consummate love
B) fatuous love
C) romantic love
D) companionate love

Question 43

Over half the infants in studies by Bowlby and Ainsworth

A) showed resistance when reunited with their caretaker after a playtime.
B) were very anxious when separated from their caretaker.
C) displayed anxious or ambivalent attachment styles.
D) developed secure attachment styles.

Question 44

_____ refers to a person's preference for emotional and sexual relationships with individuals of the same gender,the other gender,or either gender.

A) Sexual orientation
B) Gender identity
C) Heterosexism
D) Romance

Question 45

Marion assumes that all individuals with romantic love are heterosexual.She is displaying

A) correct thinking.
B) religious dogma.
C) an understanding of the difference between real love and sexual interests.
D) heterosexism.

Question 46

Bill is obsessive and preoccupied with his relationship.He easily becomes jealous.He most likely fits the adult attachment style of

A) an avoidant adult.
B) an anxious-ambivalent adult.
C) a preoccupied adult.
D) a secure adult.

Question 47

A predictor of intimacy and commitment levels is _____,which in turn predicts relationship satisfaction.

A) sharing
B) passion
C) attachment style
D) support

Question 48

_____ involves the decision and intent to maintain a relationship in spite of the difficulties and costs that may arise.

A) Faith
B) Commitment
C) Hope
D) Charity

Question 49

The best predictors of whether dating couples continued their relationships are

A) intimacy and commitment.
B) passion and intimacy.
C) passion and commitment.
D) passion for younger people and intimacy for older people.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

A) Bisexuals seek emotional-sexual relationships with members of both genders.
B) Gay can refer to homosexuals of either gender.
C) Most homosexual women prefer to call themselves lesbians.
D) Heterosexuals seek emotional-sexual relationships with members of the same gender.

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT true of gender differences?

A) Men hold more romantic beliefs than women.
B) Men fall in love more easily than women.
C) Women are more romantic than men.
D) Women fall out of love more easily than men.

Question 52

Attachment styles are

A) one-sided in adult relationships.
B) typical ways of interacting in close relationships.
C) based on sexual relationships.
D) develop in adolescence.

Question 53

A(n)_____ approach to parenting seems to promote secure attachments.

A) cold/rejecting
B) ambivalent/inconsistent
C) warm/responsive
D) indulgent/consistent

Question 54

When intimacy,passion,and commitment exist,the relationship is said to be

A) consummate love.
B) romantic love.
C) companionate love.
D) fatuous love.

Question 55

Hazan and Shaver linked

A) Sternberg's triangular theory of love with attachment styles.
B) Sternberg's triangular theory of love with adult attachment styles.
C) attachment patterns in infancy to adult intimate relationships.
D) adult intimate relationship patterns to mental disorders.

Question 56

Compared to those who are insecurely attached,securely attached individuals

A) are more likely to have unrealistic expectations of relationships.
B) have shorter relationships.
C) are less likely to notice when the other person needs attention.
D) have more committed,satisfying,and well-adjusted relationships.

Question 57

Mary fears getting close to others and is reluctant to trust them.She most likely fits the adult attachment style of

A) an avoidant adult.
B) an anxious-ambivalent adult.
C) a preoccupied adult.
D) a secure adult.

Question 58

Steve finds it easy to get close to others and is comfortable with mutual dependence.He most likely fits the adult attachment style of

A) an avoidant adult.
B) an anxious-ambivalent adult.
C) a preoccupied adult.
D) a secure adult.

Question 59

The one relationship Sternberg describes that is not contained in the triangular theory of love is

A) commitment without love,called empty love.
B) fatuous love,passion and commitment without any intimacy or real relationship.
C) nonlove,the absence of any of the three components.
D) infatuation,the relationship that is sexual without love involved.

Question 60

What are the three components of Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

A) Sexual relations,communication,and fidelity
B) Intimacy,passion,and commitment
C) Self-disclosure,self-love,other-love
D) Person 1,person 2,and the third person in the triangle

Question 61

Barry claims that he earns a higher salary than he really does on his dating site.He does this

A) as a rationalization in order to receive more replies.
B) by constructing a profile that reflects his ideal self.
C) through a misunderstanding since his rating of average is different than another person's.
D) in order to accomplish all of these.

Question 62

The expectation that marriage will fill diverse psychological needs

A) places less pressure on marital relationships.
B) may be linked to higher divorce rates in individualistic societies.
C) is more prevalent in collectivist cultures.
D) is found primarily in cultures with lower socioeconomic conditions.

Question 63

In order for a relationship to last,

A) accentuate the positive over the negative.
B) don't expect your spouse to be your friend.
C) treat minor annoyances like the significant problems they eventually become.
D) spend time together doing familiar activities.

Question 64

Megan told her mother that she has decided to meet Jim,whom she met online.Megan's mother is likely to

A) warn her that she should take time to get to know Jim since comprehensive self-descriptions online force people to construct profiles that are more easily determined over time in a face-to-face relationship.
B) provide empirical evidence that online beginnings are rarely stable over time.
C) be excited for Megan since Jim's online profile indicates he earns a high salary and is above average in attractiveness.
D) tell Megan that she has read research that shows people who feel anonymous will decrease their likelihood of deception when constructing a virtual identity.

Question 65

Cross-cultural research on close relationships

A) is largely limited to romantic relationships.
B) indicates that cultures vary on their emphasis on romantic love as a prerequisite for marriage.
C) shows that views of love and marriage are linked to a country's values and to its economic health.
D) include all of these.

Question 66

The idea that collectivist cultures with arranged marriages are antiquated and less satisfying than marrying for love is

A) supported by empirical evidence.
B) complex in its understanding and explanation.
C) ethnocentric.
D) all of these.

Question 67

Research supports the idea that online dates who are lower in attractiveness are

A) just as truthful about their physical appearance as those higher in attractiveness.
B) less likely to lie about their physical description compared to those more attractive.
C) more likely to lie about their physical descriptors.
D) unlikely to actually meet with a date.

Question 68

Cultures that are high in collectivism

A) commonly have arranged marriages.
B) have changed to a view of marriage based on love.
C) have less marital satisfaction than those high in individualistic values.
D) have all of these.

Question 69

Marvin is 36 and the cutoff for the dating website is 35 years of age.Marvin is most likely to

A) find another dating site that meets his age requirements.
B) lie about his age to work around a frustrating constraint.
C) give up on social networking.
D) reflect his ideal self.

Question 70

Attachment styles

A) are able to be shifted from insecure to secure attachment style with short-term psychotherapy.
B) will be unaffected over time if the person is insecurely attached.
C) will be unaffected by an adult relationship if the person is securely attached.
D) all of these.

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a source of online deception in social networking services?

A) Complex representation
B) Semantic misunderstandings
C) Practical advantages
D) Authentic representation

Question 72

Researchers found that romantic relationships that begin on the Internet

A) never last.
B) are superficial and tend to fade if the people actually meet.
C) are just as stable over two years as traditional relationships.
D) are more successful than relationships that begin face-to-face.

Question 73

Rachel and Joe were arguing over financial priorities.If they break up,it is most likely that the cause was

A) premature commitment.
B) ineffective communication and conflict management skills.
C) boredom.
D) availability of a more attractive relationship.

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT a reason romantic relationships end?

A) Premature commitment
B) Ineffective communication
C) Excitement overload
D) Low levels of satisfaction

Question 75

Misrepresentation of actual self by constructing an online profile reflecting ideal self is

A) less common online than with face-to-face relationships.
B) similar to any early courtship communications.
C) more common online because people cannot figure out the software limitations of sites.
D) limited to online relationships.

Question 76

Joe and Mary want to help their relationship last.What is the best advice you could give them?

A) Face the negative qualities of each other and communicate your concerns frequently.
B) Take plenty of time to get to know each other before you make a long-term commitment.
C) Find a different partner when serious conflicts arise.
D) Settle into a comfortable routine with each other.

Question 77

Brad and Bridgette met and were instantly in love.They later broke up when they found out that they had very different views on life and had little in common.Their reason for breaking up was most likely

A) premature commitment.
B) ineffective communication skills.
C) boredom.
D) availability of a more attractive relationship.

Question 78

Under conditions of stress,

A) anxious-ambivalent people may become angry when they don't receive the support they want.
B) avoidant individuals become fearful and sometimes exhibit hostility.
C) securely attached individuals both seek out and provide support.
D) securely attached individuals seek out support,but can become angry when they don't receive the support they want.

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT one of the most common factors that online daters misrepresent?

A) Age
B) Appearance
C) Marital status
D) Feelings

Question 80

Internet relationships

A) are always superficial in the long run.
B) can be just as intimate as face-to-face-ones.
C) lack stability.
D) decreases the likelihood of deception.