Deck 30: Drugs Used to Treat Lower Respiratory Disease

Question 1

What is the action of zafirlukast (Accolate),a leukotriene receptor antagonist?

A) Dilates the alveolar sacs.
B) Decreases leukotriene release.
C) Inhibits histamine release.
D) Increases viscosity of secretions.

Answer 1

Decreases leukotriene release.

Question 2

An adult patient is admitted for an asthma attack.Which assessment obtained by the nurse would support that albuterol (Proventil)was effective?

A) Decrease in wheezing present on auscultation
B) Less dyspnea while positioned in a high Fowler's position
C) Sputum production is clear and watery
D) Respiratory rate decreased to 38 breaths/min

Answer 2

Decrease in wheezing present on auscultation

Question 3

A patient has questions regarding a recently prescribed antitussive agent.Which response by the nurse is the best?

A) "It will eliminate your cough at night."
B) "It will reduce the frequency of your cough."
C) "It should be used in the morning."
D) "It should be taken before sleep."

Answer 3

"It will reduce the frequency of your cough."

Question 4

What structures in the respiratory tract assist in removing foreign bodies such as smoke and bacteria?

A) Villi
B) Golgi bodies
C) Ciliary hairs
D) Erector pili

Question 5

The nurse is teaching a patient with a history of COPD to self-administer tiotropium (Spiriva)by dry powder inhalation.Which information provided by the nurse is accurate?

A) The medication capsules can be used multiple times.
B) Press on the canister while inhaling.
C) Avoid breathing into the mouthpiece.
D) Wash the device with cold water.

Question 6

Which is a common expectorant in over-the-counter medications?

A) Dextromethorphan
B) Diphenhydramine
C) Guaifenesin
D) Codeine

Question 7

The healthcare provider in an outpatient clinic has prescribed omalizumab (Xolair)to a patient.Which primary outcome will the nurse teach the patient to expect?

A) Easier expectoration of phlegm
B) Less frequent asthma exacerbations
C) Increased moisture of the mucous membranes
D) Liquefaction of thick secretions

Question 8

A resident in a long-term care facility diagnosed with COPD has a new medication order for indacaterol.When the nurse is providing education to the resident regarding this medication,information will include that:

A) it is a short-acting beta antagonist.
B) the patient should wait approximately 5 minutes between inhalations.
C) onset of action is within 5 minutes.
D) duration of action is about 12 hours.

Question 9

A child has been diagnosed with asthma and the nurse is providing education to the family.Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will place the stuffed animals in the freezer overnight."
B) "We will confine our dog to the kitchen area."
C) "I should wash bedding in hot water."
D) "A damp cloth should be used when I dust."

Question 10

What is true about arterial blood gases (ABGs)? (Select all that apply.)

A) They are measured from an arterial sample.
B) They measure partial pressures of carbon dioxide.
C) They measure blood pH.
D) They measure partial pressures of sodium.
E) They measure partial pressures of oxygen.

Question 11

What is the reason for administering sodium chloride to a patient with emphysema?

A) To increase blood sodium levels
B) To decrease mucus viscosity
C) To reduce metabolic needs of the body
D) To decrease bronchial irritation

Question 12

The nurse is providing instruction about ipratropium (Atrovent)to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Which is a common adverse effect that tends to resolve with therapy?

A) Anxiety
B) Dry mouth
C) Tachycardia
D) Urine retention

Question 13

What is albuterol (Proventil)used to treat?

A) Acute bronchospasm
B) Acute allergies
C) Nasal congestion
D) Dyspnea on exertion

Question 14

The nurse is providing nutrition information to a patient diagnosed with a lower respiratory tract disease.What is the rationale for limiting caffeine?

A) Caffeine increases the respiratory rate.
B) Caffeine can result in thicker lung secretions.
C) Caffeine will increase the anxiety response associated with dyspnea.
D) Caffeine can cause bronchospasm.

Question 15

Within minutes of the initiation of a nebulizer treatment with a sympathomimetic bronchodilator,the patient turns on his call light and states that he feels "panicky" and his heart is racing.Which action will the nurse take?

A) Reassure the patient this is expected.
B) Add more diluents to the nebulizer.
C) Administer a sedative.
D) Stop treatment and notify the healthcare provider.

Question 16

Which statement(s)is/are true regarding the nursing assessment of a patient with a respiratory disorder? (Select all that apply.)

A) Central cyanosis typically is observed on the fingers and earlobes.
B) Clubbing of the fingernails is a sign of hypoxia.
C) As oxygen levels diminish,mental alertness will progressively deteriorate.
D) The normal respiratory rate in an adult is 10 breaths/min.
E) Episodes of apnea are present in Cheyne-Stokes.

Question 17

The nurse is obtaining a history of respiratory symptoms on a patient with the diagnosis of COPD. The patient reports smoking one pack of cigarettes per day for the past 20 years. The nurse calculates the pack years as:

A) 5.
B) 10.
C) 20.
D) 40.

Question 18

A patient is seen in the emergency department.The patient had been maintained on theophylline (Theo Dur),and a blood sample reveals the serum theophylline level is subtherapeutic.Which may cause a subtherapeutic serum level?

A) Cimetidine use
B) Drug tolerance
C) Smoking
D) Overuse of the inhaler

Question 19

Premedication assessments before the use of anticholinergic bronchodilating agents should verify that the patient has no history of which condition?

A) Diabetes
B) Hypertension
C) Liver disease
D) Glaucoma

Question 20

From where do the fluids of the respiratory tract originate?

A) Specialized mucous glands called goblet cells
B) Lymph fluid drawn across nasal membranes by osmosis
C) Specialized beta cells in the islets of Langerhans
D) Cells that produce aqueous humor

Question 21

Which principle(s)would be when teaching a patient to use a steroid inhaler? (Select all that apply.)

A) Frequent oral hygiene is necessary.
B) The inhaler should be used on a PRN basis only.
C) Rinse and spit after inhalation of the medication.
D) When taking a steroid drug as well as a bronchodilator,the bronchodilator should be administered first.
E) Hold the breath for 10 seconds during inhalation of the medication.

Question 22

The nurse is preparing to administer two inhalations of ipratropium bromide (Atrovent).When providing this medication,the nurse will instruct the patient to: (Select all that apply.)

A) hold the canister horizontally.
B) keep the eyes closed.
C) exhale through the mouthpiece.
D) wait 15 seconds before the second inhalation.
E) shake the canister thoroughly prior to use.