Question 1

Which assessment verifies increased blood perfusion to the lower extremities?&#10;A) Toes cool to the touch&#10;B) Decreased sensation below the knees&#10;C) Increased amplitude of pedal pulses&#10;D) Paleness of the foot

Accepted Answer

Increased amplitude of pedal pulses indicates increased blood perfusion to the lower extremities. A, B, and D all suggest a decrease in blood flow or circulation.

Question 2

What will the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for a patient with PVD? (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) Intermittent cold applications to the extremities&#10;B) Heat therapy&#10;C) Stress reduction techniques&#10;D) An exercise program&#10;E) Bed positioning techniques

Accepted Answer

Stress reduction techniques, an exercise program, and bed positioning techniques are important for managing Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) to improve circulation, reduce stress, and prevent complications. Cold applications and heat therapy are generally not recommended as they can worsen symptoms.

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to provide personal care to a patient with peripheral vascular disease.When providing foot care,the nurse will:&#10;A) assist the patient to a supine position.&#10;B) keep feet moistened with lotion.&#10;C) trim toenails daily.&#10;D) change socks daily.

Accepted Answer

Changing socks daily can help prevent moisture buildup and fungal infections, which can be especially problematic for patients with peripheral vascular disease. Assisting the patient to a supine position may not always be necessary for foot care and may even pose a risk for certain patients. Keeping feet moistened with lotion is not recommended for patients with peripheral vascular disease as it can contribute to skin breakdown. Trimming toenails daily can also pose a risk for injury and should only be done as necessary.

Question 4

The nurse has admitted a resident with the diagnosis of PVD to a long-term care facility.When providing care to this patient,the nurse will: (Select all that apply.)&#10;A) initiate elevation of lower extremities.&#10;B) implement pain management as ordered.&#10;C) assess skin temperature.&#10;D) vigorously dry feet after washing.&#10;E) palpate pedal pulses.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should implement pain management as ordered, assess skin temperature to monitor circulation, and palpate pedal pulses to evaluate blood flow. Elevating the lower extremities (A) is not recommended for PVD as it can worsen symptoms, and vigorously drying feet (D) can damage the skin.

Question 5

Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that the patient has a good understanding of PVD?&#10;A) &#34;Symptoms are warning signs of the increased potential to develop diseases.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Pharmacologic treatments can reverse the disease process.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Surgical interventions will cure the disease.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Controlling contributing factors may affect the progression of the disease.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Option D indicates that the patient understands that controlling contributing factors can impact the progression of PVD. This shows an understanding of the importance of lifestyle modifications and risk factor control for managing PVD. Option A is true but does not specifically relate to PVD. Option B and C are not accurate because although treatments may improve symptoms or blood flow, there is no cure for PVD.

Question 6

When assessing a client recently prescribed pentoxifylline (Trental),which medication will alert the nurse to monitor closely for adverse effects?&#10;A) Antilipemic&#10;B) Antihypertensive&#10;C) Antibiotic&#10;D) Antipsychotic

Accepted Answer

Pentoxifylline is a medication used to improve blood flow and is commonly prescribed for peripheral vascular disease. As such, it is important for the nurse to monitor for adverse effects such as hypotension and dizziness, which could be exacerbated by concomitant use of antihypertensive medications. Antilipemic medications, antibiotics, and antipsychotics are not known to have significant interactions with pentoxifylline.

Question 7

What is the action of pentoxifylline (Trental),a hemorheologic agent used to treat chronic occlusive arteriole disease?&#10;A) Vasodilates the peripheral arteries.&#10;B) Potentiates the blood-clotting mechanism.&#10;C) Increases erythrocyte flexibility.&#10;D) Increases blood viscosity.

Accepted Answer

Pentoxifylline is a hemorheologic agent that increases erythrocyte flexibility. This enhances microcirculatory blood flow and reduces blood viscosity, making it a useful treatment for chronic occlusive arteriole disease. It does not vasodilate the peripheral arteries, potentiate the blood-clotting mechanism, or increase blood viscosity.

Question 8

The nurse has completed teaching to a patient recently prescribed cilostazol (Pletal).Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?&#10;A) &#34;I will sit down if I feel lightheaded or faint.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Because this medication helps my circulation,I will try to quit smoking.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Grapefruit juice will increase the effects of this medication.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Diarrhea may occur but likely will stop with continued therapy.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of cilostazol and should be avoided.

Question 9

The nurse is assessing the patient's leg for peripheral vascular disease (PVD)and is unable to palpate the pedal pulse in either foot.Which action will the nurse take first?&#10;A) Contact the healthcare provider for further orders.&#10;B) Request x-ray studies of the lower extremities.&#10;C) Request that the patient lie flat.&#10;D) Obtain a Doppler ultrasound device for auscultation.

Accepted Answer

The nurse will obtain a Doppler ultrasound device to auscultate the presence of the pedal pulse. This non-invasive technique will provide information on the presence or absence of blood flow to the foot. If no pedal pulse is noted, the healthcare provider should be contacted for further evaluation and intervention. X-ray studies of the lower extremities and requesting the patient to lie flat are not relevant in this situation.

Question 10

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient with Raynaud's disease who is soon to be discharged.What information will be included to improve circulation and prevent complications of this disease? (Select all that apply.)

A) Begin a daily exercise program.
B) Keep hands and feet warm.
C) Surgery is often the most effective treatment.
D) Elevate the lower extremities when reclining.
E) Smoking cessation will improve outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A daily exercise program can increase circulation and promote overall health. Keeping hands and feet warm can prevent the constriction of blood vessels that can occur with Raynaud's disease. Smoking cessation is important because nicotine constricts blood vessels and can worsen symptoms. Surgery is not often used for Raynaud's disease and elevating the lower extremities may not be helpful in improving circulation.

Question 11

A patient has recently been prescribed cilostazol (Pletal).Which statement by the patient indicates that this medication is effective?&#10;A) &#34;I have less leg cramping when I walk.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;My pulse rate is more regular.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I have had fewer episodes of angina.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;My blood pressure has decreased.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has recently been prescribed cilostazol...

Deck 25: Drugs Used to Treat Peripheral Vascular Disease