Deck 21: Drugs Used to Treat Dyslipidemias

Question 1

Which deficiency may develop in patients taking cholestyramine?

A) Potassium deficiency
B) Sodium deficiency
C) Vitamin K deficiency
D) Hydrochloric acid deficiency

Answer 1

Vitamin K deficiency

Question 2

Which vitamin has antilipemic actions?

A) C
B) A
C) D
D) B₃

Answer 2

B₃

Question 3

Which lipoprotein contributes to the development of atherosclerosis?

A) Chylomicrons
B) Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
C) Low-density lipoprotein chylomicron (LDL C)
D) High-density lipoprotein chylomicron (HDL C)

Answer 3

Low-density lipoprotein chylomicron (LDL C)

Question 4

The nurse is teaching a patient about statin therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will take this medication at night."
B) "This medication will reduce blood clot formation."
C) "I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice."
D) "If I get a headache,I will notify my healthcare provider."

Question 5

The nurse is educating a patient about niacin prescribed to treat his hyperlipidemia.Which important teaching point(s)should be included in the educational plan? (Select all that apply.)

A) Effectiveness of niacin in lowering total cholesterol
B) Information on high cholesterol foods and food preparation using unsaturated fats
C) Importance of smoking cessation and daily exercise
D) Alternative funding resource information because of the high cost of niacin
E) Adverse effects to report (e.g.,fatigue,anorexia,nausea,malaise,jaundice,muscle aches)

Question 6

Which nutritional concept(s)is/are necessary to provide to patients receiving colestipol? (Select all that apply.)

A) Take on an empty stomach to enhance absorption.
B) Whole grains,raw fruits,and vegetables will minimize constipation.
C) Drink eight to ten 8-ounce glasses of water daily to eliminate dehydration that results from frequent loose stools.
D) Report signs of vitamin K deficiency,including bleeding gums,dark tarry stools,and coffee-ground emesis.
E) Supplemental fat-soluble vitamins may be necessary.

Question 7

A patient is prescribed a bile acid resin.The nurse instructs the patient to report which adverse reaction related to vitamin K deficiency?

A) Constipation
B) Coffee-ground emesis
C) Nausea
D) Changes in skin pigmentation

Question 8

The nurse has completed an admitting patient history and notes the patient's current medications to be simvastatin (Zocor)and warfarin (Coumadin).What is the result of the interaction of these drugs?

A) Abdominal distention
B) Increased INR
C) Low serum level of simvastatin
D) Hypertension

Question 9

The nurse is preparing to administer niacin for the first time to a patient being treated for dyslipidemia.Before administering this medication,the nurse will assess: (Select all that apply.)

A) blood glucose levels.
B) blood pressure.
C) heart rate.
D) temperature.
E) oxygen saturation.

Question 10

Which antilipemic agent is most potent?

A) Niacin
B) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
C) Bile acid-binding resin
D) Fibric acid

Question 11

What is the desired effect of any antilipemic therapy?

A) Reduced LDLs and total cholesterol levels
B) Reduced HDLs and total cholesterol levels
C) Reduced LDLs and HDLs
D) Reduced HDLs and dietary cholesterol levels

Question 12

The nurse is preparing medications for a patient.When is the best time for the nurse to administer lovastatin (Mevacor)?

A) 2 hours after breakfast
B) During the patient's dinner
C) 1 hour before breakfast
D) 30 minutes before lunch

Question 13

The nurse is assessing a patient who is being evaluated for hyperlipidemia.Which assessment will most increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

A) Blood pressure,168/90 mm Hg
B) Hemoglobin A_1c,6%
C) Walks 3 miles briskly,usually 4 days a week
D) Eats five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

Question 14

In addition to controlling hyperlipidemia,what are bile acid-binding resins prescribed to treat?

A) Constipation secondary to excess fecal bile acids
B) Constipation related to pseudomembranous colitis
C) Pruritus secondary to biliary stasis
D) Jaundice related to cholelithiasis

Question 15

A teaching plan for a patient with hyperlipidemia would instruct the patient to avoid which food(s)? (Select all that apply.)

A) Hard cheeses
B) Egg whites
C) Unsaturated vegetable oils
D) Green vegetables
E) Liver

Question 16

A patient is taking a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and reports muscle aches,soreness,and weakness.The nurse suspects these symptoms to indicate early signs of myopathy.When notifying the physician of these symptoms,the nurse will also be sure to report the results of the patient's:

A) serum creatinine phosphokinase levels.
B) red blood cell count.
C) urine culture.
D) echocardiogram.

Question 17

Why are statins,or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,administered at bedtime?

A) The stomach is empty.
B) Metabolic needs of the body are decreased.
C) Cholesterol production is at its peak.
D) The body temperature is increased.

Question 18

The nurse is providing education to a patient who has recently been prescribed niacin.Which information given by the nurse is accurate?

A) "Weigh yourself weekly because of the risk of fluid retention."
B) "Nausea can be decreased if you take this medication with food."
C) "Because your blood pressure may increase while taking this drug,have it checked monthly."
D) "You should not take aspirin while on this medication."

Question 19

The nurse transcribes a new order for Lovaza on a patient in a long-term care facility.When providing education to the patient about this medication,the nurse will include which statement(s)? (Select all that apply.)

A) Liver function tests should be completed before initiating therapy.
B) Lovaza is available in tablet form.
C) Triglyceride levels should increase with use.
D) Lovaza should be used with caution if the patient has an allergy to fish.
E) Lovaza does not cause myositis.