Deck 2: Policy, Politics, and Power in Health Care

Question 1

Primary care is focused on the services accessed at the first point of contact with the health system. Which of the following statements is correct of primary care? Select all that apply.

A) The primary care system is the "first line" of clinical services that provides an entry point to the health care system
B) Primary care teams produce better health outcomes and ensure the most efficient use of resources
C) Primary care teams can achieve efficiencies by allowing each team member to function at the top of their skill set
D) Primary care services across Canada have remained static over the past decade because the demographic has not changed

Answer 1

The primary care system is the "first line" of clinical services that provides an entry point to the health care system
Primary care teams produce better health outcomes and ensure the most efficient use of resources
Primary care teams can achieve efficiencies by allowing each team member to function at the top of their skill set

Question 2

Which province was the first to develop an Indigenous Health and Wellness Strategy?

A) Quebec
B) Nova Scotia
C) Ontario
D) British Columbia

Answer 2

Ontario

Question 3

Which document was considered revolutionary by the global community and led to a reconceptualization of health promotion?

A) The Lalonde Report
B) The Declaration of Alma Ata
C) The Ottawa Charter
D) The Social Determinants of Health

Answer 3

The Lalonde Report

Question 4

Which services is not an insured service under the Canada Health Act?

A) Public health
B) Acute care
C) Home care
D) Long term care

Question 5

Where was Canada's first universal health insurance program implemented?

A) Manitoba in 1957
B) Canada in 1967
C) Prince Edward Island in 1867
D) Saskatchewan in 1947

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of how nurses use power? Select all that apply.

A) Nurses exert power through the language they use in nurse-client interactions
B) Nurses address power imbalances in the micro politics of social rituals
C) Nurses address power imbalances in the structural underpinnings that reinforce and perpetuate power relations
D) Nurses address power imbalances by addressing issues of health inequity through health policy
E) None of the above

Question 7

What was the purpose of the Canada Health Act (1984)?

A) Provide the provinces with more legal authority
B) Provide direction for cash contributions made by the federal government for essential medical services
C) Establish a national drug plan so that every citizen has access to the medicines they need
D) Increase access to care based on ability to pay

Question 8

What would help community health nurses to be valued more by other health care professionals?

A) To be able to describe their role with confidence
B) Quality supervision and management
C) Access to ongoing education and training
D) Stronger leadership in the area

Question 9

What Act has as its cornerstones publicly administered, comprehensive, universal, portable, and accessible?

A) Hospital Insurances and Diagnostic Services Act
B) Constitution Act
C) Canada Health Act
D) American Medicare Act

Question 10

The Canada Health Act (1984) has been successful in ensuring all Canadians have access to the health care they need, regardless of their ability to pay or where they live. Which of the following is true of the Canada Health Act? Select all that apply.

A) It is held up as a symbol of the values that represent Canada
B) It articulates a social contract that defines health care as a basic right
C) It penalizes provinces that oppose the public health aspects of the act
D) It reflects the values of social justice, equity, and community

Question 11

Role clarity has been identified as an issue for community health nurses. What is a component of role clarity?

A) Understanding the role of other health care professionals
B) Sharing a common language to describe the role
C) Leadership development
D) Access to specialized expertise

Question 12

What provided the basis for the Ottawa Charter?

A) Epp Report
B) Alma Ata Declaration
C) Canada Health Act
D) British North America Act

Question 13

Which model dominated public and political thinking about health during the time that the Canadian Medicare System was created in 1957?

A) Healthy lifestyle model
B) Socio-environmental model
C) Biomedical model
D) Health promotion model

Question 14

Who funds public health in Canada?

A) Provinces and territories
B) Municipalities
C) Federal government
D) Provincial and federal government

Question 15

Several factors impact the need for a new approach to the provision of home health care in Canada. Which of the factors below needs consideration? Select all that apply.

A) Canada is an aging nation with increasing rates of chronic disease
B) Across the country, there has been a reduction in numbers of family caregivers and support networks
C) Challenges exist in the recruitment and retention of health care workers.
D) Increased use of technology for clients, providers, and the system allows for more home care.
E) None of the above

Question 16

What are the four determinants of health identified in the Lalonde Report (1974)?

A) Socio-environmental, biomedical, disease prevention, and health promotion
B) Gender, culture, working conditions, and education
C) Biological, emotional, spiritual, and psychological
D) Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and healthcare system

Question 17

What were the primary objectives of Canadian health care policy according to the Canada Health Act (1984)? Select all that apply.

A) Facilitate reasonable access to health services
B) Protect the health care system from privatization
C) Restore stable health care funding to the federal government
D) Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of the residents of Canada

Question 18

Contemporary nurses are demonstrating power in a number of ways including which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) The authority that comes with the possession of knowledge ("knowledge is power")
B) Legal power that is associated with the legitimatization of nursing roles (e.g., nurse practitioner)
C) Changed self-perceptions to accept one's own ideas or the ideas of other nursing leaders instead of those imposed by others
D) More involvement in the political process, labour unions, and organizational lobbying efforts
E) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is identified as attributes of nurse leaders that contribute to effectiveness?

A) Avoiding risk taking
B) Organizational ability
C) Social awareness
D) Comfort with routines

Question 20

While community health services are organized and delivered differently across Canada, each province and territory provides which of the following services? Select all that apply.

A) Primary health care
B) Primary care
C) Public health
D) Home care
E) None of the above

Question 21

Within a context of community health nursing practice, which organizational support positively influences practice?

A) A work environment that disestablishes leadership
B) A work environment that devalues unique contribution of staff
C) A work environment that has unstable funding
D) A work environment that has access to resources

Question 22

Describe the importance of three historical milestones in the development of the Canadian health care system

Question 23

Contrast the terms primary care and primary health care and give an example of each related to community health nursing practice

Question 24

Discuss social justice within the context of power and politics.

Question 25

Transformational leadership practices include which of the following?

A) Building relationships and trust
B) Creating disempowering work environments
C) Creating a culture that supports knowledge stasis
D) Avoiding taking any risks

Question 26

Summarize two federal initiatives in the development of health promotion and give one rationale for each that illustrates their importance on an international level.

Question 27

Which of the following personal resources are necessary for developing and sustaining leadership? Select all that apply.

A) Personal identity
B) Leadership expertise
C) Community attributes
D) Social supports

Question 28

Name three of the five principles of the Canada Health Act (1984) and give an example for each.

Question 29

Professionals working in health service organizations with strong leadership demonstrate which of the following?

A) Lower levels of organizational effectiveness
B) Decreased organizational commitment
C) Increased ability to lead a stagnant workforce
D) Greater sense of affiliation with organizational goals

Question 30

What is one way to strengthen collaborative leadership at the national level?

A) Promoting community health solutions across sectors
B) Creating an empowering work environment
C) Cultivating personal supports
D) Willingness to be risk averse