Deck 1: Nonprofit Management As a Profession and a Field of Study

Question 1

The complexity of the nonprofit manager's job frequently results in ______.

A) intervention by board members
B) frustration and burnout
C) six-figure salaries
D) increased educational opportunities

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What was the first school of management in the United States?

A) Mandel Center for Nonprofit Organizations
B) Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania
C) Yale Program on Nonprofit Organizations
D) Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University

Answer 2

B

Question 3

People who view nonprofit organizations as social institutions portray nonprofit managers as ______.

A) leaders with strong business backgrounds
B) servants of society
C) capitalists
D) heroes

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Throughout history, management theorists argued that ______.

A) businesses required more educated managers
B) government organizations have the most need of managers with distinctive skills
C) common management principles apply equally to all organizations
D) nonprofit managers do not need professional development

Question 5

Managers of nonprofit organizations measure their success by ______.

A) the number of volunteers recruited within a fiscal year
B) increasing the organization's resources
C) expanding services
D) achieving the mission within financial limits

Question 6

According to Herman, one of the differences of managing a nonprofit versus a for-profit corporation is that nonprofit organizations ______

A) make decisions that are consistent with the mission and ethical values of the organization
B) do not make a profit
C) do not pay federal taxes
D) do not charge customers for services

Question 7

Demands that organizational procedures comply with government regulations contributed to the need for ______.

A) dramatic organizational growth
B) trained managers
C) philanthropic contributions
D) long-term investments in nonprofits

Question 8

The perception that nonprofits are less well managed than businesses is ______.

A) argued by for-profit corporations
B) not based on research
C) based on financial reports
D) spread by government agencies

Question 9

According to Higgins, nonprofit organizations have ______.

A) no need for volunteer workers
B) employees who do not know how to do their work
C) board members with different goals and agendas
D) a narrow mission focus

Question 10

The nonprofit management literature is drawn from which three areas?

A) social science research, customer complaints, and reports prepared by practitioners
B) social science research, organizational theory, and community feedback
C) Internal Revenue Service financial reports, organizational theory, and social science research
D) social science research, organizational theory, and practitioner reports

Question 11

There has been a shift in thinking about nonprofits that emphasize ______.

A) increasing the salaries of managers to levels comparable to their business peers
B) valuing the financial bottom line over achieving the nonprofit's mission
C) hiring managers with business administration degrees
D) building the strength of organizations themselves

Question 12

Which organization accredits public administration degree programs?

A) the Commission on Private Philanthropy and Public Needs
B) the Yale Program on Nonprofit Organizations
C) Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration
D) the Nonprofit Academic Centers Council

Question 13

The requirement that nonprofits achieve measurable results increased the need for ______.

A) empowered customers
B) funding to state governments
C) management
D) voucher programs

Question 14

The beginning of management as a field of study dates back to the ______.

A) 17th century
B) 18th century
C) 19th century
D) 20th Century

Question 15

Which decade marked a turning point in public policy, with government outsourcing more of the delivery of human services to nonprofit organizations?

A) the 1960s
B) the 1970s
C) the 1980s
D) the 1990s

Question 16

The double bottom line concept means nonprofit managers must ______.

A) meet organizational goals and objectives
B) achieve the mission within financial means
C) be accountable to their donors and the Internal Revenue Service
D) increase the value of the business and the wealth of its owners

Question 17

According to Frumkin, the "expressive" purpose of nonprofits is to serve as ______.

A) social institutions
B) government institutions
C) business sector institutions
D) private enterprises

Question 18

A leader of a nonprofit organization is designing a new type of water purification system to improve living conditions for poor children. Which type of entrepreneurship is the leader demonstrating?

A) private
B) public
C) health
D) social

Question 19

Most nonprofits obtain revenue from ______.

A) multiple sources
B) government contracts solely
C) the sale of products and services
D) state taxes

Question 20

A force that drove the recent nonprofit management revolution was the ______.

A) introduction of competition
B) increased number of economic recessions
C) decline of growth in the sector
D) decreased demands for accountability

Question 21

Which university was the first to offer a bachelor's degree in philanthropy?

A) Harvard University
B) University of Wisconsin
C) Indiana University
D) University of Maryland

Question 22

Most small businesses fail within the first 2 years of business.

Question 23

Bill identified an opportunity to meet the needs of young mothers in a new way. He applied a creative fundraising technique to secure the funds to open a counseling center where his new program was offered. According to your author's definitions, Bill is demonstrating the characteristics of ______.

A) social innovation
B) social intrapreneurship
C) social science
D) social counseling

Question 24

Determine the type of organization--a business or a nonprofit--where success is more difficult to come by. Why?

Question 25

Nonprofits receive all of their revenue from governments.

Question 26

Nonprofit organizations are less well managed than businesses.

Question 27

The revolution in nonprofit management has been caused, in part, by an economic downturn that occurred in the 2000s which led to a reduction in funding and an increase in the need for services.

Question 28

Bill Shore recommends philanthropic foundations change their focus to funding nonprofit ______.

A) programs
B) operational costs
C) capacity
D) research

Question 29

One source of nonprofit management literature comes from academics at universities.

Question 30

Who wrote that nonprofit organizations require a multifaceted, flexible approach to management?

A) Christine Letts
B) Bill Shore
C) Robert Herman
D) Helmut Anheier

Question 31

Identify the differences between a for-profit business providing a service to its customers and a nonprofit providing a service to its customers. What does the act of satisfying customers in each instance do to its resources?

Question 32

Which authors suggest nonprofit organizations shift their focus from "telling time" to "building clocks?"

A) Letts, Ryan, and Gross
B) Shore and Letts
C) Collins and Porras
D) Herman and Anheier

Question 33

Who first suggested that management be a distinct field of study?

A) Bill Shore
B) Christine Letts
C) Henry Towne
D) Helmut Anheier

Question 34

A recent shift in thinking about nonprofits focused more on the sustainability of the organization as opposed to its services.

Question 35

At the University of Georgia, the Institute for Nonprofit Organizations offers graduate school coursework through the departments of social work, political science, and management. This is an example of studying the field of nonprofit management applying a(an) ______.

A) entrepreneurial approach
B) interdisciplinary approach
C) natural science approach
D) inspired approach

Question 36

The beginning of management as a field of study dates approximately to the late 19th century.

Question 37

Individuals who believe that nonprofit organizations should apply business methods of management perceive nonprofit organizations as ______.

A) social institutions
B) government institutions
C) social enterprises
D) education institutions

Question 38

Compare and contrast nonprofit management from business management.

Question 39

One of the ways that nonprofit organizations differ from for-profit corporations is their type of stakeholders.

Question 40

Mendel argues nonprofit studies must go beyond traditional accountability and include political studies.

Question 41

Interpret two perspectives reflected in the contemporary nonprofit management literature.

Question 42

Compare and contrast the "social enterprise school" and the "social innovation school" perspectives.

Question 43

Analyze how the revolution in management influenced the way nonprofit organizations are managed.

Question 44

Compare and contrast the perspectives of scholars and practitioners regarding the plight of nonprofit sector management.

Question 45

Analyze the debate about whether nonprofit management programs are best taught in business schools, schools of public affairs and administration, or in colleges of arts and sciences. Which do you think is the most appropriate setting? Why?

Question 46

Identify the various stakeholders a nonprofit must be accountable to. Explain why.

Question 47

The author of your textbook states that managers of nonprofit organizations must be especially skilled in negotiation and compromise. In your opinion, why does he make this statement?

Question 48

In your opinion, do managers of nonprofit organizations manage using a double bottom line or a triple bottom line? Explain.

Question 49

Identify differing agendas that might be found in a nonprofit organization. Explain how they may impact the job of the chief executive officer.