Question 1

The client receives oral nystatin (Mycostatin) suspension for an oral candidiasis infection. She tells the nurse she cannot continue to "swish and swallow" because her nausea is too great. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "You can take a phenergan suppository before the nystatin (Mycostatin)."
B) "It is all right to swish the medication and then spit it out."
C) "I will ask your doctor if a pill form can be substituted."
D) "Try drinking a 7 -Up after you swallow the medication."

"It is all right to swish the medication and then spit it out."

Accepted Answer

Swishing the medication and spitting it out will still allow some of the medication to come into contact with the affected area, and may relieve the client's nausea. Option A suggests the use of another medication, which may not be necessary in this case. Option C involves contacting the doctor, which may not be necessary for a simple solution like spitting out the medication. Option D suggests a non-evidence based intervention.

Question 2

The client receives amphotericin B (Fungizone) for histoplasmosis. What does the best assessment of the nurse include? Select all that apply.&#10;A) serum creatinine&#10;B) serum amylase&#10;C) serum sodium&#10;D) serum glucose&#10;E) blood urea nitrogen

Accepted Answer

Amphotericin B can cause renal toxicity, so the nurse should monitor the client's serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Amphotericin B can also affect electrolyte levels such as sodium, but serum glucose and amylase levels are not typically monitored in this case.

Question 3

The client is being treated for pinworms with mebendazole (Vermox). The nurse has completed medication education and evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?&#10;A) &#34;I must avoid aspirin while I am on this medication.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I need to have three negative stool cultures before I am cured.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I need high -fibre foods to help with passage of the worms.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I may expel worms for three days after I finish the medication.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Option D is the correct statement because mebendazole may cause expulsion of dead worms for up to three days after the medication is finished. Option A is incorrect because mebendazole does not interact with aspirin. Option B is incorrect because three negative stool cultures are not needed for a diagnosis of pinworms, and there is no specific cure because re-infection can occur. Option C is incorrect because a high-fibre diet is not necessary for the treatment of pinworms.

Question 4

The client has a fungal infection of the toenails and receives oral terbinafine (Lamisil). The client asks the nurse how a pill will heal his nail infection. What is the best response by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;The medication accumulates in your nail beds and is there for many months.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;The medication works by destroying toxins excreted by the fungi in your nails.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;The medication should be combined with a topical agent to increase effectiveness.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;The medication works by destroying circulating fungi in your blood.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The medication terbinafine accumulates in the nail beds and remains there for many months, which allows it to gradually eradicate the fungi causing the infection. The drug works by inhibiting an enzyme necessary for the fungal cell membrane synthesis, ultimately leading to the destruction of the fungus.

Question 5

The client receives metronidizole (Flagyl) for treatment of a vaginal yeast infection. What does the best medication education by the nurse include?&#10;A) Drink at least 2,000 mL of fluid with this medication.&#10;B) Eat at least two cups of yogurt daily while on this medication.&#10;C) Do not take this medication with milk or milk products.&#10;D) Do not drink alcohol with this medication.

Accepted Answer

The best medication education for a client receiving metronidizole (Flagyl) includes informing the client not to drink alcohol with this medication. Metronidazole can cause a severe reaction if taken with alcohol, including nausea, vomiting, flushing, and rapid heartbeat. This medication should also not be taken with milk or milk products as it can decrease its effectiveness. However, there is no need to increase fluid intake or eat yogurt while taking this medication.

Question 6

The nurse does medication education for the client with histoplasmosis who receives ketoconazole (Nizoral). The nurse evaluates learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?&#10;A) &#34;I should take this medication with milk or antacids to decrease GI upset.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I cannot take this medication longer than 10 days.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I could develop resistance to this medication if I take if too often.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I could develop nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain with this medication.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Ketoconazole can cause GI upset such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, so the client should be aware of this possible side effect. It is not necessary to take the medication with milk or antacids, they can take it with a meal instead. The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the infection and the client's response to treatment. Finally, resistance to ketoconazole is rare, even with prolonged use.

Question 7

The female client has a fungal infection and will receive griseofulvin (Fulvicin). What assessment data is critical for the nurse to collect prior to administering this medication?&#10;A) the type of diet the client is eating&#10;B) the type of birth control the client is using&#10;C) the client's height and weight&#10;D) the amount of fat in the client's diet

Accepted Answer

Griseofulvin can decrease the effectiveness of hormonal birth control methods, increasing the risk of unplanned pregnancy. It's important for the nurse to assess the type of birth control the client is using to provide appropriate counseling and consider alternative or additional contraceptive methods.

Question 8

The client has scalp ringworm and is being treated with econazole (Ecostatin). What are the best discharge instructions by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;Wash your head at least three times a day for 2 weeks.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Comb the medication into your hair and cover with a towel.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Avoid meat and high protein foods with this medication.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Do not share any towels with family members.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Since scalp ringworm is a fungal infection that can spread easily, it is important for the client to avoid sharing any towels or personal items that may come in contact with the infection. A and C are not relevant to the treatment of scalp ringworm with econazole. B is not recommended as combing the medication into the hair and covering with a towel may not effectively treat the infection.

Question 9

The nurse plans to provide health promotion to a group of business travelers who are going to travel to Africa. What will the best teaching plan of the nurse include?&#10;A) Plan to take antibiotics prophylactically.&#10;B) Plan to take protease inhibitors prophylactically.&#10;C) Plan to receive immunizations for malaria.&#10;D) Plan to take antimalarial drugs prophylactically.

Accepted Answer

Travelers going to Africa should take antimalarial drugs prophylactically to prevent malaria, a serious and potentially fatal disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Antibiotics and protease inhibitors are not recommended for preventing malaria. Immunizations for malaria are not currently available.

Question 10

The nurse works in infection control at a large hospital. Which client does the nurse recognize as being at greatest risk of acquiring a fungal infection?&#10;A) the client with anemia who is pregnant with triplets&#10;B) the adolescent client with a fractured femur from an auto accident&#10;C) the client with severe burns over 20% of the body&#10;D) the client with malignant melanoma who is receiving chemotherapy

Accepted Answer

Clients receiving chemotherapy are at a higher risk of fungal infections due to their compromised immune systems, which makes it difficult for their bodies to fight off infections.

Question 11

The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses about fungal infections. The nursing instructor evaluates learning has occurred when the student nurses make which statement(s)? Select all that apply.

A) "Systemic infections require oral medications that have serious adverse effects."
B) "Systemic infections are much more common than superficial infections."
C) "Newer medications can be used for superficial as well as systemic infections."
D) "Superficial infections are more difficult to treat than systemic infections."
E) "Superficial infections are considered more benign than systemic infections.

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Accepted Answer

The answer of The nursing instructor teaches the student nurses...

Question 12

The client is noncompliant with taking medications to prevent malaria prior to an overseas business trip. What will the best assessment of the nurse reveal?&#10;A) The medication dosing was too frequent for the client to tolerate.&#10;B) The cost of the medications was too high for the client's budget.&#10;C) The side effects of vomiting and diarrhea were too uncomfortable.&#10;D) The taste of the various tablets was really too offensive to the client.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client is noncompliant with taking medications...

Question 13

The client receives terbinafine (Lamisil) as treatment for a fungal infection of the toenails. What is an important assessment question for the nurse to ask?&#10;A) &#34;Do you have diabetes mellitus?&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Are you HIV -positive?&#34;&#10;C) &#34;What analgesic do you take for headaches?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;How do you clean and clip your toenails?&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client receives terbinafine (Lamisil) as treatment...

Question 14

The client has had malaria for many years. He asks the nurse why medications might not cure his illness when there are several drugs available. What is the best response by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;Late in the illness, the immune system is too overwhelmed for medications to be effective.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;When erythrocytes rupture, the parasites are too numerous for medications to be effective.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Once the parasite starts multiplying in your liver, medications are usually ineffective.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;When cysts occur late in the disease, the parasite is too resistant for medications to be effective.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client has had malaria for many...

Question 15

The client receives nystatin (Nilstat) for a fungal infection in the mouth. The nurse plans to do medication education prior to discharge. What will the best plan of the nurse include?&#10;A) Crush the oral tablet, mix it with orange juice, and then swallow it.&#10;B) Dissolve the oral tablet in your mouth and then swallow it.&#10;C) Take the oral suspension with a straw to prevent tooth discolouration.&#10;D) Swallow the oral tablet whole without chewing or crushing it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client receives nystatin (Nilstat) for a...

Deck 33: Drugs for Fungal, Protozoan, and Helminth Infections