Deck 15: Gaining Cultural Competence in Community Nutrition

Question 1

Rural Americans have lower rates of chronic illness and enjoy better overall health than those living in urban areas.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Culture has a minimal impact on food behavior.​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Acculturation is the process of adopting the beliefs, values, and behaviors of another culture.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Health disparities can exist in regard to access to healthcare; delivery of quality, competent health care services; and health outcomes.

Question 5

Minority health care professionals are more likely to work in medically underserved communities.

Question 6

Many nonverbal gestures can be universally translated across all cultural groups.

Question 7

Learning useful generalizations about a cultural group is not recommended as a starting point as you will develop too many stereotypes about the group.

Question 8

An overarching objective of Healthy People 2020 is to improve the linguistic and cultural competency of public health professionals.

Question 9

Minorities constitute a large proportion of the health care workforce.

Question 10

The degree of acculturation among immigrants and length of time in the United States have been shown to negatively influence food practices and health, especially among men.

Question 11

In the Campinha-Baccote Model, cultural encounters are believed to have the greatest impact on the other four cultural constructs.

Question 12

Since the 1970s, the United States has been moving toward a cultural plurality, where no single ethnic or racial group is a majority.

Question 13

Research has shown that many minority populations are less likely to receive routine medical checkups.

Question 14

A dynamic conceptual model of cultural competence developed by Campinha-Bacote for health care professionals views cultural competence as a process rather than an end result.

Question 15

Because most of our life experiences occur within the same cultural context, our worldviews are repeatedly reinforced.

Question 16

African American infants are twice as likely to die from issues related to low birth weight than white American infants.

Question 17

Both Westerners and non-Westerners tend to use scientific reasoning to identify the causes of illnesses.​

Question 18

Ethnocentric describes someone who thinks his/her own culture is best.

Question 19

Those in the cultural pre-competence phase of the cultural competence continuum believe that culture makes no difference and everyone is treated the same.

Question 20

In general, rural communities have adequate numbers of physicians and dentists to meet health care needs.

Question 21

A nonprofessional interpreter is often sufficient for use in health care settings.

Question 22

A translator works with written information, while an interpreter explains spoken words.

Question 23

Two individuals who speak the same language always give the same meaning to a specific word.

Question 24

Empathy and sympathy are synonymous.

Question 25

A form of diversity that may not be visible or obvious is _____.

A)socioeconomic status
B)​language
C) a disability
D) a physical trait

Question 26

Cultural beliefs influence our _____.​

A)​behavior only
B)​conscious thoughts only
C) ​conscious and unconscious thoughts only
D) ​behavior and our conscious and unconscious thoughts

Question 27

A study by Kittler et al. found that behavioral stereotypes hold true for 50% of the individuals in a cultural group.

Question 28

As of 2014, _____ were the largest minority group in the U.S., accounting for nearly 16% of the population.

A)Hispanics
B)​Pacific Islanders
C) Asians
D) African Americans

Question 29

Principles or standards that members of a cultural group share in common are known as _____.

A)​mindsets
B)​attitudes
C) ​guidelines
D) ​values

Question 30

According to the National Standards for CLAS, health care organizations must offer language assistance to individuals who have limited English proficiency.

Question 31

Cultural values _____.

A)​are genetically determined
B)​provide a set of rules by which to govern life
C) ​vary greatly within a culture
D) ​change frequently

Question 32

Generational analyses of Asian Americans show significant ____ in succeeding generations as compared to first-generation residents of the United States.

A)decreases in height
B)increases in height
C) decreases in BMI
D) increases in BMI

Question 33

Ethnocentric individuals _____.

A)value all cultures equally
B)are generally accepting of cultural differences
C) consider their beliefs, values, and customs to be the best
D) value other cultures more than their own

Question 34

The LEARN guidelines are useful in developing a culturally sensitive treatment plan.

Question 35

Cultural characteristics and beliefs are developed through _____.

A)​life experiences only
B)​education only
C) ​life experiences and education
D) ​genetic traits and education

Question 36

Which example best demonstrates cross-cultural communication?

A)a doctor discussing high blood pressure medications with a schoolteacher
B)a mother talking with her son
C) an Asian woman speaking with an American nurse practitioner
D) a businessman from New York speaking with a surfer from California

Question 37

Both the rate and the duration of breastfeeding are low in the United States.​

Question 38

Smiling, showing warmth, and being friendly seldom enhance cross-cultural communication.

Question 39

Avoiding eye contact is often considered proper behavior among Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asian Americans.

Question 40

Which group has a high prevalence of diabetes and a high death rate from cirrhosis?

A)Hispanics
B)American Indians/Alaska Natives
C) African Americans
D) Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders

Question 41

Which communication approach is advised to improve cross-cultural communications?

A)Make judgments rather than observations about behaviors.
B)Refrain from using "you."
C) Repeat questions in the same way if they are not understood the first time.
D) Avoid use of visual aids and use only spoken language.

Question 42

National standards for culturally and linguistically appropriate services in health care have been established by the ____. ​

A)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B)Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
C) World Health Organization
D) US Department of Health and Human Services

Question 43

The most recent government initiative dealing with health care disparities is the ____.

A)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B)Food and Drug Administration
C) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
D) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act

Question 44

As of 2011, about ____% of American households speak a language other than English at home.

A)7
B)14
C) 21
D) 28

Question 45

The notion that too much food can block "ki" (energy) is a traditional ____ belief.

A)Chinese
B)Italian
C) Korean
D) Mexican

Question 46

During which stage of the cultural competence continuum model do individuals hold paternalistic attitudes towards "unfortunate" minorities?

A)cultural incapacity
B)cultural blindness
C) cultural pre-competence
D) cultural competence

Question 47

The health care work force is expected to ____ in the coming years.

A)remain the same
B)diversify
C) become less diversified
D) decrease

Question 48

Minorities and the poor are more likely to live in polluted environment sand to work in hazardous occupations that increase the likelihood of exposure to ____.

A)toxins
B)minerals
C) fluoride
D) viruses

Question 49

The North side Breastfeeding Campaign aimed to raise awareness and increase knowledge of breastfeeding in a(n) ____ American population.

A)African
B)Hispanic
C) Chinese
D) Native

Question 50

REACH U.S. is a program established by the CDC that aims to _____.

A)eradicate all infectious diseases
B)lower birth rates among low-income minorities
C) increase doctor visits by male patients
D) eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities

Question 51

Characteristics of the majority American culture include ____.

A)action, task oriented, group welfare, and formality
B)informality, control over fate, and family decision-making
C) materialism, directness, and practicality
D) spiritualism, cooperation, and formality

Question 52

A highly personal and unreasoned distortion of judgment is known as _____.

A)disparity
B)stereotyping
C) bias
D) distortion

Question 53

Which cultural group(s) believe(s) that a healthy diet should consist of a balance of yin and yang foods?

A)Chinese only
B)Italian only
C) Mexican only
D) Korean and Chinese

Question 54

High intakes of carbonated beverages and limited dental care are dietary concerns/issues of ____ Americans.

A)Asian/Pacific Island
B)European
C) Mexican
D) Native

Question 55

Advising a Mexican woman who wishes to lose weight to try increasing her level of exercise, decreasing her intake of cheese, or increasing her intake of lean protein is an example of which LEARN guideline?

A)listen
B)explain
C) recommend
D) negotiate

Question 56

The Affordable Health Care Act aims to bring an end to health care disparities caused by ____.

A)lack of physicians
B)lack of insurance
C) discrimination
D) acculturation

Question 57

In which cultural construct of the Campinha-Bacote model do health care workers engage in cross-cultural interactions?

A)awareness
B)desire
C) encounters
D) skill

Question 58

Both increasing ____ around the world and ____ in the United States require health professionals to acquire skills to work with varied cultural groups.

A)globalization; isolationism
B)globalization; diversity
C) isolationism; diversity
D) travel; isolationism

Question 59

Which behavior is best associated with the desire construct of the Campinha-Bacote model?

A)initiating an in-depth exploration of one's own cultural background
B)developing a sound foundation of worldviews
C) learning to perform culturally sensitive assessments and interventions
D) having a feeling of wanting to engage in the process of becoming culturally competent

Question 60

An evaluation of Hispanic health beliefs and practices indicates a greater emphasis on the power of ____ and less on preventive health care.

A)medication
B)God
C) surgery
D) exercise

Question 61

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​Women of this ethnic group are 1.4 times more likely to die from cervical cancer than white women

Question 62

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​Adults are 1.2 times as likely to be obese and children are 1.6 times as likely to be overweight compared to white counter parts

Question 63

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​In 2010, individuals in this group had a 30% higher chance of dying from heart disease than white individuals

Question 64

For clients who are ready to make dietary changes, goals should be worked out ____.

A)solely by the client
B)jointly between client and counselor
C) jointly between the client's family and the counselor
D) jointly between the client and his/her family

Question 65

To provide guidance for instituting elements of organizational cultural competence, the Office of Minority Health of the USDHHS has issued National Standards for ____.

A)Foreign Language Learning
B)Minority-only Health Services
C) Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services
D) Doctors without Borders

Question 66

Match the definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. Options will be used only once.
a.​health disparities
b.​multicultural
c.​diversity
d.​minorities
e.​stereotypes
f.​attitude
g.​bias
h.​ethnicity
i.​ethnocentric
j.​value
k.​immigrants
​A collection of beliefs that includes an evaluative aspect

Question 67

Which advice would best serve a nutrition counselor asked to speak with a non-English-speaking Muslim community?

A)Use a pictorial guide to illustrate nutrition options.
B)Speak slowly in plain English.
C) Use advanced medical terms because these are the same in all cultures.
D) Use a nonprofessional translator.

Question 68

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​Twice as likely to develop and die from diabetes as whites

Question 69

According to the cross-cultural nutrition counseling algorithm, community nutrition practitioners should ____ during the Involving phase.

A)arrange a follow-up
B)tailor an intervention approach
C) establish comfort
D) assess readiness to change

Question 70

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Belief that culture makes no difference

Question 71

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Works in society to improve cultural relations

Question 72

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Attitudes, practices, and policies are destructive to other cultures

Question 73

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Differences are accepted and respected with continuous self-evaluation

Question 74

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Weaknesses in serving culturally diverse populations are realized, with some attempts to make accommodations

Question 75

During the closing phase of a nutrition counseling session, ____.

A)new goals should be established
B)nutritional issues should be discussed
C) goals should be restated and a follow-up session should be discussed
D) goals should be restated so that a follow-up session is not required

Question 76

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​A select subgroup of this ethic group has the highest incidence of diabetes in the world

Question 77

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​Overall incidence of AIDS has increased in this population in the past 5 years

Question 78

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​Infant mortality rate is more than double that of white Americans

Question 79

Match the stage of cultural competence in the right column with its correct description in the left column. Options will be used only once.
a.​Cultural blindness
b.​Cultural competence
c.​Cultural destructiveness
d.​Cultural incapacity
e.​Cultural pre-competence
f.​Cultural proficiency
​Paternalistic attitude toward the "unfortunates"

Question 80

Match the health disparity with the most appropriate ethnic group in the right column. Options will be used more than once.
a.​African Americans
b.​Asian Americans
c.​Hispanics
d.​American Indians
​In 2012, tuberculosis was24 times more common for this group