Deck 1: Prehistoric Art in Europ

Question 1

Relative to art, one of man's important new cognitive developments was the ability to _________.

A) use tools
B) think symbolically
C) write
D) communicate verbally

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Continually rebuilt and replastered, early houses at Çatalhöyük may have functioned as ____________.

A) observatories
B) temples
C) production centers for tools and pottery
D) historical markers

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Prehistoric people often coated their floors with powdered __________.

A) ash
B) bones
C) clay
D) ocher

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Representational images began appearing in Australia, Africa, and Europe beginning approximately __________ years ago.

A) 100,000
B) 40,000
C) 25,000
D) 10,000

Question 5

Rows of trapezoidal buildings made of wooden posts, branches, mud, and clay characterize the architectural remains at_____________.

A) Lepenski Vir
B) Çatalhöyük
C) Skara Brae
D) Sesklo

Question 6

As long ago as __________ BCE, figurines of people and animals appeared.

A) 50,000
B) 30,000
C) 25,000
D) 10,000

Question 7

_________ evidence shows that modern humans moved from Africa, across Asia, into Europe, and finally to Australia and the Americas between 100,000 and 35,000 years ago.

A) Geological
B) Architectural
C) Archeological
D) Written

Question 8

Prehistoric cave paintings were first discovered in Spain in the________________.

A) 20th century
B) 19th century
C) Middle Ages
D) Roman Empire

Question 9

Chauvet Cave is located in __________.

A) Ireland
B) northern Spain
C) southeastern France
D) coastal France

Question 10

The earliest known prehistoric cave painting site was discovered in 1994 and is called __________.

A) Altamira
B) Chauvet
C) Pech-Merle
D) Lascaux

Question 11

The word "Neolithic" means __________.

A) new stone
B) symbolic writing
C) writing in stone
D) new history

Question 12

The word megalithic means __________.

A) middle stone
B) new rock
C) old stone
D) large stone

Question 13

Most Neolithic architecture in Germany and central Europe consisted of wood posts supporting a central beam or __________.

A) supporting rail
B) ridgepole
C) major post
D) common beam

Question 14

Homo sapiens appeared on the earth __________ years ago.

A) 300,000
B) 400,000
C) 100,000
D) 50,000

Question 15

The Lion-Human sculpture from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany is made of __________.

A) cast clay
B) molded bronze
C) mammoth ivory
D) porcelain clay

Question 16

Walls of woven branches that were covered with mud or clay, or ______ and______ was a common building technique used in central Europe during the Neolithic period.

A) mottle; pole
B) hard; fast
C) head; daub.
D) wattle; daub.

Question 17

Archaeologists link the emergence of image making to the arrival of __________.

A) Homo sapiens
B) Paleo sapiens
C) Homo sapiens sapiens
D) Neo sapiens

Question 18

Small-scale female sculptures from the Upper Paleolithic period were once called __________figures, which implied a religious association, although this has not yet been proven.

A) tomb
B) Venus
C) Eve
D) servant

Question 19

The Woman from Brassempouy captures the essence of a head, also called the __________ __________.

A) memory image
B) abstracted mind
C) soul image
D) mind image

Question 20

The simplest form of construction used to span space is __________-and-__________.

A) post; lintel
B) post; beam
C) brace; cannon
D) lintel; strut

Question 21

The world's earliest pieces of art come from South Africa and were probably used as__________.

A) decoration
B) devotional objects
C) symbols of social status
D) crayons

Question 22

In Paleolithic architecture most daily activities were centered around _____________.

A) a fire pit
B) painted walls
C) arched doorways
D) all of the above

Question 23

Handprints at the cave at Pech-Merle were probably created using what technique?

A) incising lines with a sharp stick
B) spraying paint onto the cave wall
C) painting the image with a brush
D) drawing with an ochre crayon

Question 24

The lintels of Stonehenge are secured by __________-and-__________ joints.

A) post; lintel
B) anchor; beam
C) mortise; tenon
D) link; stem

Question 25

In approximately __________ BCE, prehistoric humans began firing clay in the form of vessels.

A) 15,000
B) 12,000
C) 7000
D) 2500

Question 26

The earliest use of metal objects was as _________________.

A) tools
B) ornamentation
C) money
D) weapons

Question 27

Which of the following was created by artists molding or shaping the cave floor?

A) Lion-Human from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany
B) Woman from Willendorf, Austria
C) Bison from Le Tuc d'Audoubert, France
D) Figures of a Woman and a Man from Cernavoda, Romania

Question 28

Prehistory includes all of human existence prior to the development of ___________.

A) man-made structures used for living
B) written records
C) metal tools
D) painted and carved images

Question 29

The potter's wheel developed in approximately 4000 BCE in __________________.

A) Japan
B) China
C) Egypt
D) India

Question 30

At the Pech-Merle Cave, humans left more than images of horses and fish, they left ____________.

A) maps
B) handprints
C) landscapes
D) portraits

Question 31

Bronze is an alloy of __________ and __________.

A) pewter; tin
B) gold; silver
C) tin; copper
D) silver; copper

Question 32

Modern humans first appeared in ____________.

A) Africa
B) Asia
C) the Americas
D) Europe

Question 33

Neolithic ceramic figurines probably functioned as __________________.

A) votives
B) toys
C) portraits
D) all of the above

Question 34

Stonehenge was built in __________-and-__________ construction.

A) post; lintel
B) corbel; cantilever
C) lintel; beam
D) post; corbel

Question 35

Much of what we know about prehistoric people is based on the ______________found in archeological sites.

A) artifacts
B) art
C) fossils
D) all of the above

Question 36

Stonehenge was created in __________ phases of construction and activity, starting in 3000 BCE during the Neolithic Period and stretching over a millennium and a half into the Bronze Age.

A) eight
B) two
C) ten
D) four

Question 37

The term ______________includes all of human existence prior to the emergence of writing.

A) prehistory
B) paleo-scripto
C) non-scribe
D) proto-Celtic

Question 38

The age of metal made its European debut around __________ BCE.

A) 10,000
B) 7000
C) 4000
D) 3000

Question 39

____________ is one of the earliest known sites of prehistoric cave paintings.

A) Lepenski Vir
B) Pech-Merle
C) Altamira
D) Chauvet

Question 40

Scholars see the transport of bluestones to Stonehenge from more than 150 miles away as a sign of ________________.

A) the lack of local stone
B) evidence of engineering technology
C) connections to an ancestral homeland
D) ritual significance of materials

Question 41

The Woman from Willendorf was created from __________.

A) limestone
B) plaster
C) mammoth tusk
D) clay

Question 42

The _________________ encountered at Newgrange may have induced hallucinations.

A) representations of bucrania
B) entoptic motifs
C) deer hunts
D) female figures

Question 43

Which historical site challenges previous interpretations that the Neolithic worldview focused on representations of the female body, human fertility, and cults of the Mother Goddess?

A) Lepenski Vir
B) Çatalhöyük
C) Sesklo
D) Newgrange

Question 44

Current scholarship suggests that early stone tools functioned socially as ______________.

A) status symbols
B) tomb markers
C) road maps
D) weapons

Question 45

Megalithic tomb architecture reflects _________________in Neolithic communities.

A) the concept of an afterlife
B) the accumulation of material goods
C) a stratified class system
D) the importance of ritual performance

Question 46

More than 40,000 examples of ______________ produced during the Bronze Age have been found at sites in the northern Swedish region of Bohuslän.

A) metal helmets
B) rock art
C) jewelry
D) cave paintings

Question 47

Which Neolithic site is an example of a passage grave?

A) Stonehenge
B) Newgrange
C) Durrington Walls
D) Cernavoda

Question 48

Prehistoric cave painting was an unknown art form until the 1879 discovery of a cave in __________ in northern Spain.

A) Altamira
B) Chauvet
C) Lascaux
D) Dordogne

Question 49

Historians use the term BCE to mean before __________.

A) Roman art
B) art was made
C) the common era
D) the invention of writing

Question 50

The cave of Lascaux is in the country of __________.

A) Spain
B) Austria
C) France
D) Ireland

Question 51

Archeologists now believe that the confusing combination of architecture, unusual art, multiple burials, and an undomesticated economy at Lepenski Vir indicates ________________.

A) an emphasis on historical continuity of the people
B) a temporary habitation used for special rites and activities
C) a people focused on military concerns
D) a settlement built over an older Paleolithic site

Question 52

One of the fundamental changes that took place in the prehistoric period in man's relationship with the environment was man's ________________.

A) ability to survive the Ice Age
B) exertion of more control over the land
C) migration to mountain caves
D) absence of interest in burying the dead

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a type of ceramics?

A) Porcelain
B) Earthenware
C) Kiln
D) Stoneware

Question 54

The artists of Altamira used the ____________ in the cave walls and ceilings to show the form of the animal.

A) open spaces
B) irregularities
C) flat areas
D) all of the above

Question 55

Rather than being a product of invaders the destruction of houses at some sites in the Neolithic period was part of ______________.

A) a ritual killing of the house
B) a rival family's attempt to gain property
C) the selection of a new leader
D) ritual celebrating a birth

Question 56

The word "Paleolithic" means __________.

A) weapon
B) old stone
C) species
D) pottery vessel

Question 57

The animals at Lascaux are painted in a system known as _____________, which shows horns, eyes, and hoofs from the front, while heads and bodies are rendered in profile.

A) composite pose
B) dual perspective
C) combined imaging
D) primitive positioning

Question 58

The Sculpted Bison at Le Tuc ?Audoubert, France are modeled in __________.

A) sculpture in the round
B) high relief
C) corbeling
D) pottery

Question 59

Which material's properties is most suitable for weapons and tools?

A) Bronze
B) Copper
C) Stone
D) Ceramics

Question 60

Figures such as the Woman of Willendorf may have functioned to communicate ____________among differing groups of Paleolithic peoples.

A) power and superiority
B) economic prosperity
C) a common religious practice
D) shared values and friendliness

Question 61

Upper Paleolithic inhabitants of Russia and Ukraine built houses using _____________.

A) large shells
B) timber beams
C) pottery roof tiles
D) woolly mammoth bones

Question 62

Why was the Woman from Willendorf represented as full figured?

Question 63

Why is the Lion-Human sculpture remarkable for the Paleolithic period?

Question 64

Stonehenge is connected to a nearby site built of wood called ________________.

A) Durrington Walls
B) Newgrange
C) Knowth
D) Lepenski Vir

Question 65

How does the author make the distinction between shelter and architecture?

Question 66

Scholars dismissed the sympathetic magic interpretation of cave paintings because ______________.

A) early man did not eat meat
B) the animals used most for food were not portrayed
C) only humans were painted
D) animals are painted like stick figures

Question 67

Even simple prehistoric shelters are considered architecture because they required _______________.

A) large cut stones
B) the strongest males of the tribe
C) imagination and planning
D) knowledge of quarrying

Question 68

The Human Figures from Ain Ghazal give the impression of living individuals who ____________________.

A) were gods
B) are unable to speak
C) can communicate with the dead
D) were leaders of their site

Question 69

Many megalithic structures are associated with _________________.

A) reproduction
B) the coming of the Ice Age
C) death
D) painted decoration

Question 70

What constituted the distinction between the Lower, Middle, and Upper Paleolithic phases?

Question 71

What formal artistic devices did the artists of the Chauvet cave in Southern France use to convey images of horses, mammoths, aurochs, and other animals?

Question 72

__________________ is the most accurate way of dating objects from the past.

A) Radiometric dating
B) Electron spin resonance
C) Relative dating
D) Archaeological dating

Question 73

Why do scholars believe female figures such as the Woman from Willendorf were so common in prehistoric time?

Question 74

The transitional prehistoric period is sometimes called the __________ period.

A) defensive
B) agricultural
C) megalithic monument
D) Mesolithic

Question 75

What is significant about the manner in which Woman from Dolní Vestonice was created?

Question 76

The period that followed the debut of metalworking is generally known as the __________ Age.

A) Stone
B) Weapon
C) Bronze
D) Iron

Question 77

An anthropologist who studied the caves at Altamira does not believe the animals are dead but rather are __________________.

A) gods
B) dust-wallowing
C) surrogates for man
D) disabled

Question 78

The painting of Men Taunting a Deer? at Çatalhöyük may represent _____________________.

A) a belief in sympathetic magic
B) an earlier cave painting
C) the hope for more animals
D) a dangerous ritual or game of baiting

Question 79

The Lion-Human may reflect early man's notion that _________________.

A) humans and animals were part of one group
B) the lion was king of the beasts
C) killing a lion would incur a curse
D) man's ancestors were lions

Question 80

Why does the date for the transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic vary?