Deck 24: Art of South and Southeast Asia After 1200

Question 1

The techniques used by Indian painters derived from _________ painting traditions.

A) Chinese
B) Celtic
C) Persian
D) British

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Characteristic of a bodhisattva are his __________ garments.

A) princely
B) monk's
C) merchant's
D) laborer's

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In the early twentieth century, the British wished to welcome King George V on his visit to India, and commissioned George Wittet to design the __________.

A) Buland Darvaza (The Lofty Gate)
B) Gateway of India
C) Shwe-dagon stupa
D) Taj Mahal

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The pointed cranial protuberance of the Seated Sukhotai Bronze Buddha from Thailand is interpreted as ________________ similar to its meaning in southern India and Sri Lanka.

A) a flame of divine knowledge
B) a stupa-like structure
C) a ray of golden light
D) a royal umbrella

Question 5

Indian architecture during the Mughal period began to build construction based on the ________.

A) post and lintel
B) arch and dome
C) column and frieze
D) atrium and column

Question 6

__________ is characteristic of the Kangra school of painting, in the Punjab Hills, north of Delhi.

A) Krishna and the Gopis
B) Hour of Cowdust
C) Akbarnama
D) Hazma at the Gate

Question 7

__________ are beings who are well advanced on the path to buddahood.

A) Buddhas
B) Bodhisattvas
C) Lotuses
D) Tantrics

Question 8

__________ is an example of Rajput painting.

A) Jahangir in Darbar
B) Krishna and the Gopis
C) Akbar and his Court
D) Krishna and Akbar

Question 9

__________ is the bodhisattva of greatest compassion.

A) Avalokiteshvara
B) Mahavira
C) Palas
D) Agra

Question 10

Works created by ____________demonstrates the influence of Mughal painting style on later Indian painters.

A) Rajput painters
B) the Kangra School
C) artists in the court of Akbar
D) none of the above

Question 11

The Taj Mahal was commissioned as a __________ for the emperor's wife.

A) temple
B) mosque
C) mausoleum
D) cenotaph

Question 12

The Jain religion of Western India traces its roots to a spiritual leader called__________.

A) Buddha
B) Raja
C) Mahavira
D) Kurkihar

Question 13

__________ are the monumental entrance gateways to Hindu temple complexes.

A) Achalas
B) Vinyanas
C) Gopuras
D) Shakis

Question 14

Scholars generally agree that the __________ dynasty made the most lasting and inspired contribution to the art of India.

A) Dagon
B) Shwe
C) Sukho
D) Mughal

Question 15

Artists in Java, like those in India, worked in a consistent style regardless of the patrons' ___________.

A) religion
B) artistic preferences
C) social status
D) ability to pay

Question 16

India's ruling dynasties of Islamic heritage introduced two fundamental structures into Indian architecture: the __________ and the __________.

A) mosque; tomb
B) temple; gate
C) reflecting pool; fountain
D) tomb; palace

Question 17

Indian painting technique includes ___________, which polishes pigments to a high luster.

A) stamping
B) burnishing
C) varnishing
D) glazing

Question 18

Mughal court painters produced paintings that documented Emperor Akbar's life and accomplishments recorded in the ____________.

A) Hamzanama
B) Akbarnama
C) Fatepur
D) Gilgamesh

Question 19

The sixteenth-century Mughal ruler, __________, was a committed and ambitious patron of the arts.

A) Zahir
B) Akbar
C) Afif
D) Jahangir

Question 20

The twentieth-century Indian painter, __________, rejected the academic approach of Western art and created images that reflect his ethnic origins, such as Bharat Mata (Mother India) .

A) Abanindranath Tagore
B) Gandhi Bhavan
C) Shah Jahan
D) B.P. Mathur

Question 21

The principal _________________centers were great monastic universities, concentrated in the northeast, and attracted monks from as far away as China, Korea, and Japan.

A) cultural
B) Buddhist
C) Hindu
D) Muslim

Question 22

Which object could best be described as a nationalist statement of Indian identity?

A) The Taj Mahal
B) George Wittet, Gateway of India
C) Abanindranath Tagore, Bharat Mata (Mother India)
D) Temple of the Emerald Buddha

Question 23

The practices of Tantric Buddhism include techniques for _______________, encouraging the development of images with precise iconographic details.

A) visualizing deities
B) unifying the soul
C) resurrecting the deceased
D) visualizing loved ones

Question 24

A revival of Bhakti devotional practice in Northern India in the twelfth century inspired the production of _________________.

A) Jain manuscripts
B) the Gita Govinda
C) vast temple complexes
D) tangka paintings

Question 25

Shwedagon stupa, Myanmar enshrines relics from the four past Buddhas, including hair from ______________.

A) Shakyamuni
B) Krishna
C) Amitabha
D) Gopi

Question 26

The emperor, __________, commissioned the Taj Mahal and is thought to have had a major part in overseeing its design and construction.

A) Akbar
B) Shah Jahan
C) Zahir
D) Afif

Question 27

Portraits became a major art under which ruler's court?

A) Akbar
B) Jahangir
C) Shah Jahan
D) Jayavarman VII

Question 28

The enormous gopuras that dominate the vast temple complexes of southern India functioned as ______________.

A) stupas
B) towers marking the garbhagriha
C) entrance gateways
D) ceremonial platforms

Question 29

What is the name of the hybrid style represented in the Gateway of India (24-14), which features European and South Asian elements of design?

A) Indo-Saracenic
B) Indo-Eurasian
C) South Asian-English
D) English-Malaysian

Question 30

Akbar's private audience hall in Fatehpur Sikri included a structure probably intended to recall what from Indian history?

A) the Great Stupa at Sanchi
B) the pillars erected by King Ashoka
C) indigenous yakshi figures
D) sacred Vedic texts

Question 31

What effect did the rich tradition of Islamic book arts have on the Jains of western India?

A) They began to use paper.
B) They began to write and illustrate their own sacred books.
C) They adopted characteristics of Islamic art.
D) All of the above.

Question 32

The Taj Mahal was built in the years 1632-1648 by Shah Jahan for what purpose?

A) a mausoleum for his favorite wife
B) a meeting place for his court
C) a barracks for his army
D) a palace for his niece

Question 33

Which Mughal emperor used his patronage to help Indian painters transform Persian painting styles into more lively, naturalistic renderings?

A) Akbar
B) Jahangir
C) Shah Jahan
D) Mumtaz Mahal

Question 34

The Taj Mahal is a(an) __________structure.

A) Islamic
B) Hindu
C) Buddhist
D) secular

Question 35

What feature of the Taj Mahal has origins in Indian palace architecture?

A) the structure at the center of a four-part garden
B) the minarets
C) the chattris
D) the use of red sandstone

Question 36

Which cultural influence is NOT reflected in art produced in India after 1200?

A) European
B) Islamic
C) Central Asian
D) Byzantine

Question 37

The Taj Mahal is typical of Mughal funerary structures in its __________________.

A) use of a four-part garden
B) asymmetrical design
C) elaborate decoration
D) all of the above

Question 38

In Bharat Mata , artist Abanindranath Tagore invents a nationalistic icon using what visual symbols?

A) Hindu
B) Buddhist
C) Christian
D) Daoist

Question 39

Which of the following is an example of an Indian painting on paper?

A) Hour of Cowdust
B) Seated Buddha
C) Sukhothai Buddha (p. 787)
D) Vedic

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of gopuras at Hindu temple complexes?

A) They have an elegant concave silhouette.
B) They are at the center of the temple complex.
C) Their exteriors are richly embellished with sculpted figures.
D) Stairs inside allow visitors to climb to the top.

Question 41

In Burma, the _________, which enshrines relics of the Buddha, continues to be a center of Buddhist devotion.

A) Taj Mahal
B) Luna Vasahi
C) Temple of the Emerald Buddha
D) Shwedagon stupa

Question 42

In the Buddhist tradition, __________ became a popular saintly being in India and in East Asia.

A) Avalokiteshvara
B) Sundareshvara
C) Minakshi
D) Madurai

Question 43

The Mandapa Ceiling at Luna Vasahi Temple utilizes what type of dome construction?

A) post-and-lintel
B) corbeled
C) barrel vault
D) cantilever

Question 44

A fairly recent excavation confirmed that the ceramics of _________ were shipped throughout Southeast Asia and to Japan and parts of Western Europe.

A) Korea
B) Vietnam
C) Malaysia
D) Japan

Question 45

Based on the pyramidal towers of the seventh-century southern temple type, gopuras evolved to take on an elegant ________silhouette.

A) rectangle
B) convex
C) concave
D) perpendicular

Question 46

Viewing themselves as defenders of the faith, the Hindu rulers in the south expressed their religious zeal, as well as secular power, by building enormous temple complexes, such as the __________.

A) Taj Mahal
B) Minakshi-Sundareshvara Temple
C) Luna Vasahi
D) Temple of the Emerald Buddha

Question 47

The Qutb Minar, a minaret at Quwwat ul-Islam Mosque in Delhi was begun by whom __________.

A) Babur
B) Aibak
C) Jahangir
D) Shah Jahan

Question 48

In Buddhism, __________ vows to forego buddahood until all others become buddhas.

A) Minar
B) Avalokiteshvara
C) Luna Vasahi
D) Madurai

Question 49

The painting of Jahangir and Shah Abbas is a strong reminder of the power of what period in India?

A) Ancient
B) Modern
C) British Colonial
D) Mughal

Question 50

Before the fourteenth century, most painting in India had been on __________ or __________.

A) walls; palm leaves
B) walls; calf skin
C) walls; copper
D) walls; bamboo reeds

Question 51

Diwan-i-Khas was built by Akbar for what purpose?

A) music room
B) war strategy room
C) private audience hall
D) bedroom

Question 52

Thai artisans working under royal patronage created ________ images of Buddha, which evoked the ascetic simplicity of Theravada Buddhism.

A) wood
B) bronze
C) marble
D) granite

Question 53

The Gateway of India in Mumbai is a ____________designed by the British architect George Wittet.

A) triumphal arch
B) coliseum
C) statue
D) wall

Question 54

Both the Burmese and Thai kingdoms produced ceramics, often inspired by stoneware and porcelain vessels from ________.

A) India
B) Persia
C) China
D) Malaysia

Question 55

The Jain religion traces its roots to a series of 24 saviors known as pathfinders, also called _______________.

A) tirthankaras
B) gopuras
C) mudras
D) mamluks

Question 56

In his paintings, __________ offers new interpretations of India's traditions and his Muslim upbringing, using modern techniques, as in Vedic .

A) Jayavarman VII
B) Manjit Bawa
C) Maqbool Fida (M.F.) Husain
D) Shah Jahan

Question 57

The art of ____________developed into a major subject of painting in the court of Jahangir.

A) history paintings
B) war
C) landscapes
D) portraiture

Question 58

The emperor Akbar established an imperial workshop of painting that transformed _________traditions into a distinctive Mughal style of painting.

A) Afghan
B) Thai
C) Persian
D) Indian

Question 59

The Petronas Towers are located in what country?

A) Thailand
B) Sri Lanka
C) Malaysia
D) India

Question 60

Monks from Nepal and Tibet have cultivated a form of Buddhism since the twelfth century known as ___________.

A) Therapeutic
B) Orthodox
C) Pure Land
D) Tantric

Question 61

Explain the process of painting a human face in Indian art? What is significant about the order? Cite a specific example.

Question 62

What were the goals of the Indian painter Abanindranath Tagore? Relate these goals to a specific work. Did he achieve his goals? Be as specific as you can in your answer.

Question 63

How did Islam enter India? What century? Which ethnic groups? Who were some notable figures?

Question 64

Explain the term cenotaphs. Cite an example of this term and define the particular architectural features.

Question 65

What are the beliefs of the Jain religion? Discuss the art associated with Jain, citing specific pieces and styles.

Question 66

Explain Rajput painting. Using a specific example, address the topics of patronage, subject matter, and style.

Question 67

Who is the designer of the Victoria Terminus , the massive train station built in Mumbai in 1887?

A) Sir Bartle Frere
B) King George V
C) George Wittet
D) Frederick Stevens

Question 68

Consider the significance of the Hoi An excavation. What did it reveal in terms of objects and information?

Question 69

Who peers through the trees with jealousy from the manuscript

A) Radha
B) Agra
C) Jahangir
D) Nur Jahan

Question 70

In the painting, Krishna and the Gopis , how does the artist use color, line, shape, and spatial properties to convey the emotion and energy of the situation?

Question 71

How did Buddhism and Hinduism influence the arts in Nepal after 1200? Specify the particular religious beliefs and the artistic expression of those beliefs.

Question 72

Who is Krishna? Give examples of his representation in Indian art.

Question 73

Define the movement known as bhakti.

Question 74

Characterize the expression of Buddhist ideals in the bronze statues of the Buddha, produced under royal patronage in Thailand after 1200.

Question 75

Discuss the characteristics of Tantric Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara .

Question 76

The Minaret at Kudos Mosque contains decorative niches reminiscent of earlier Hindu____________.

A) Buddha statues
B) palaces
C) shrine towers
D) stupas

Question 77

What was the state of Buddhism in thirteenth-century India? Specify the particular religious beliefs and the artistic expression of those beliefs.

Question 78

The Kangra school of painting in the Punjab Hills contains characteristics of naturalism from what earlier school of Indian painting?

A) Mughal
B) Nanda
C) Rajbar
D) British Raj

Question 79

Discuss the temple complex at Madurai . What are its characteristics?

Question 80

Discuss the work of the contemporary Indian painter Maqbool Fida Husain. What artistic influences can you detect in his work?