Deck 15: Foreign Policy

Question 1

The U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War represented the United States' attempt to enforce the Monroe Doctrine.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

U.S. antiterrorism actions that are not coordinated with other nations are an example of ________.

A) unilateral action
B) multilateral action
C) containment
D) détente

Answer 2

A

Question 3

An internationalist would support U.S. efforts to provide humanitarian aid to people in a foreign nation engulfed in a civil war, even if other nations were unwilling to help.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The United States' operating on its own to engage in antiterrorism operations in Yemen in 2017 is an example of a unilateral action.

Question 5

The United Kingdom, China, France, Russia, and the United States serve on the United Nations Security Council.

Question 6

________ is the idea that the United States should refrain from getting involved with other countries.

A) Internationalism
B) Realism
C) Isolationism
D) Nationalism

Question 7

Foreign policy includes environmental agreements.

Question 8

The rise of internationalism as a guiding principle in U.S. foreign policy can be evidenced in U.S. efforts to create the United Nations in 1945.

Question 9

Interest groups play a very small role in foreign policy because foreign governments are prohibited from lobbying.

Question 10

The United States contributes more than 20 percent of its current gross domestic product in
foreign aid.

Question 11

The National Security Council primarily assists the U.S. Congress by keeping the legislative branch informed of national security threats.

Question 12

A realist would argue that a country such as North Korea will pursue its own self-interest and seek to enhance its influence in the world.

Question 13

________ is the idea that the United States should be involved with other countries, due to both self-interest and moral obligation.

A) Internationalism
B) Realism
C) Isolationism
D) Nationalism

Question 14

At one time, America had a strictly isolationist foreign policy.

Question 15

Between 1945 and the Vietnam War, architects of U.S. foreign policy primarily had an isolationist viewpoint.

Question 16

U.S. foreign policy prior to World War I was largely internationalist in nature.

Question 17

Numerous nations have sought to facilitate peace negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians. This is an example of ________.

A) unilateral action
B) multilateral action
C) containment
D) détente

Question 18

Economic sanctions are not very threatening to the North Korean regime.

Question 19

"Putting America First" was the dominant approach to foreign policy by President Barack Obama.

Question 20

The main tools of trade policy are tariffs and trade agreements.

Question 21

Which one of the following statements is accurate?

A) U.S. foreign policy before World War I was completely isolationist.
B) Most nineteenth-century presidents did not heed George Washington's advice in his farewell address about avoiding entangling alliances with foreign countries.
C) U.S. foreign policy was largely isolationist until World War I.
D) The U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty of Versailles due to President Woodrow Wilson's strong advocacy of the League of Nations.

Question 22

Under President Richard Nixon, the United States and the Soviet Union opened relations with each other. This process was called ________.

A) perestroika
B) unilateralism
C) détente
D) multilateralism

Question 23

What does the clash of civilizations hypothesis emphasize?

A) War is inevitable between nations that have nuclear capabilities.
B) Democracies do not go to war with each other but almost always initiate war with nondemocracies.
C) Terrorism is motivated by hatred of the Western world.
D) Communism is a time-bound governmental system that will inevitably fall when up against democracies with free market economic systems.

Question 24

Following World War II, some American politicians and scholars argued that the United States would need to be more involved in world affairs to deter future international conflicts. This argument is an example of ________.

A) constructivism
B) détente
C) internationalism
D) containment

Question 25

One issue that started in 1973 with an embargo and was exacerbated by OPEC in 1979 had to do with

A) relations with the Soviet Union.
B) Chinese violations of human rights.
C) the price and security of the world's oil supply.
D) North Korea's possession of nuclear weapons.

Question 26

________ was the first person to promote containment policy in the United States.

A) George Kennan
B) Harry Truman
C) Dwight D. Eisenhower
D) John F. Kennedy

Question 27

A liberal might argue that the United States should

A) not get involved in the Syrian conflict.
B) help Syrian rebels fight against their brutal government.
C) stay out of affairs of foreign nations.
D) use military force when it promotes the interests of the United States.

Question 28

The Fourteen Points was a plan developed by ________ to prevent future conflict in Europe by establishing secure borders and promoting democratic principles, among other provisions.

A) Harry Truman
B) Franklin Roosevelt
C) Theodore Roosevelt
D) Woodrow Wilson

Question 29

How were the economies of western European countries restored after World War II?

A) through containment policy
B) through the Marshall Plan
C) through isolationism
D) through NATO

Question 30

The 1972 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, which limited the growth of U.S. and Soviet missile forces, was a consequence of ________.

A) perestroika
B) unilateralism
C) détente
D) multilateralism

Question 31

What alliance, organized by the Soviet Union, was formed in 1955 to provide military security to all of its members?

A) the Warsaw Pact
B) NATO
C) the Collective Security Treaty Organization
D) the Central Treaty Organization

Question 32

Which one of the following statements is accurate?

A) President Obama's policy of putting America first was a radical departure in U.S. foreign policy.
B) There is a strong bipartisan consensus when it comes to dealing with issues related to the environment and human rights.
C) Both Presidents Obama and Trump have embraced the doctrine of preemption.
D) The industrialization of many developing nations has played a significant role in the closing of many factories in the United States.

Question 33

A liberal reason for supporting U.S. action against Syria for human rights violations might be that

A) neither major party would object to intervention.
B) it would be popular with the American public.
C) it is consistent with U.S. moral principles to defend human rights.
D) it would benefit American business interests in Syria.

Question 34

After the Cold War, how did U.S. involvement in foreign affairs change?

A) It shifted increasingly toward realism and away from idealistic concerns.
B) It mostly retreated back to a policy of neutrality and isolationism.
C) It became more centered on human rights and terrorism.
D) It involved large increases in the amount of foreign aid as a percentage of the U.S. budget.

Question 35

________ is the idea that state actions are shaped by how leaders interpret events for their citizens, based on their ideals.

A) Internationalism
B) Realism
C) Isolationism
D) Constructivism

Question 36

What is the Bush Doctrine?

A) an approach to fighting terrorism primarily with humanitarian efforts and with the assistance of the United Nations
B) a policy that supports fighting terrorism with military force in all areas of the world
C) a policy that dictates preemptively striking a nation that threatens the security of the United States
D) a commitment to extend American values throughout the world by any means necessary

Question 37

What alliance, organized by the United States, was formed in 1949 to provide military security to all of its members?

A) the Warsaw Pact
B) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
C) the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
D) the Central Treaty Organization

Question 38

Following World War II, some American politicians and scholars argued that the United States would need to be more involved in world affairs specifically because the United States had a moral obligation to preserve world peace. This argument is an example of ________.

A) constructivism
B) idealism
C) nation building
D) containment

Question 39

During the Cold War, what doctrine of military strategy and national security toward the Soviet Union involved the United States maintaining a strong military presence and building a stockpile of nuclear weapons?

A) unilateralism
B) détente
C) mutually assured destruction
D) the domino theory

Question 40

________ is the idea that U.S. foreign policy should be motivated by self-interest and the pursuit of more global power.

A) Internationalism
B) Realism
C) Isolationism
D) Nationalism

Question 41

National Security Council officials are responsible for

A) coordinating intelligence gathering.
B) delivering humanitarian aid to people in areas of conflict.
C) serving as the principal foreign policy committee in the legislative branch.
D) developing foreign policy options and presenting them to the president.

Question 42

Economic sanctions are often used to

A) facilitate war.
B) increase the value of domestic goods.
C) create jobs in the United States.
D) pressure a country's leaders to change their behavior.

Question 43

Federal judges can influence foreign policy issues

A) through engaging in judicial review.
B) through deciding the budget.
C) by mandating presidential action.
D) by appealing to public opinion.

Question 44

Which one of the following statements is accurate?

A) The president has the power to both declare war and wage it.
B) The president has more leverage in foreign policy than Congress because she or he has the power of the purse.
C) The president is the dominant actor in U.S. foreign policy.
D) Congress is the dominant actor in U.S. foreign policy.

Question 45

Which one of the following statements is accurate?

A) The president can declare war in times of crisis.
B) Congress has routinely required the president to terminate the use of military force since Watergate.
C) Congress can withhold funding for military actions taken by the president.
D) The Speaker of the House of Representatives has the authority to deploy troops if deemed necessary.

Question 46

The United Nations Security Council consists of ________ nations.

A) 5
B) 15
C) 45
D) 192

Question 47

Many foreign governments conduct efforts within the United States to influence public opinion. If the president wanted to limit these activities without the involvement of Congress, which of
These actions would he or she MOST likely take?

A) seek relief through resolutions passed by the United Nations
B) negotiate executive agreements with the foreign nations that are causing the most interference
C) negotiate multilateral treaties
D) order the arrest and detention of foreign nationals who participate in this type of operation

Question 48

The House and Senate Intelligence Committees are in charge of

A) writing legislation that deals with foreign policy.
B) providing the president with top-secret intelligence information.
C) directing and advising on military actions against terrorist targets.
D) overseeing the National Security Agency (NSA) and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

Question 49

High tariffs raise the prices of ________, making ________ more attractive to the consumer.

A) imported goods; domestic products
B) exported goods; foreign products
C) imported goods; foreign products
D) exported goods; domestic products

Question 50

________ provides financial support for economic development projects in developing countries.

A) The World Trade Organization
B) The World Bank
C) The International Monetary Fund
D) NATO

Question 51

The National Security Agency

A) reports directly to the United Nations Security Council.
B) is a foreign policy agency that gathers intelligence and advises the president.
C) is a foreign policy agency that works exclusively with senators on the Select Committee on Intelligence.
D) was a vital part of intelligence gathering during the Cold War but was eliminated by President Donald Trump.

Question 52

When the United States places the lowest possible tariff on imported goods from a particular country, it bestows on that country

A) best-trading conditions.
B) optimal-trade-nation status.
C) comparative advantage conditions.
D) most-favored-nation status.

Question 53

What do the Committee on Foreign Affairs in the House and the Foreign Relations Committee in the Senate do?

A) oversee the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the National Security Agency (NSA)
B) write legislation that deals with foreign policy
C) direct and advise on military actions against terrorist targets
D) provide the president with top-secret intelligence information

Question 54

Why does the United States provide foreign aid?

A) It can help facilitate international agreements.
B) That is the cost of a seat on the Security Council.
C) Isolationism is the dominant foreign policy paradigm in America today.
D) The American public is strongly in favor of providing foreign aid.

Question 55

The overriding principle of America's military is ________.

A) civilian control
B) first strike capability
C) nuclear domination
D) congressional control

Question 56

________ assists countries in managing budget deficits and currency values.

A) The World Bank
B) The World Trade Organization
C) The International Monetary Fund
D) NATO

Question 57

When was the Department of Homeland Security created?

A) after the Civil War
B) after World War I
C) after the Vietnam War
D) after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001

Question 58

The president's annual budget proposals for federal agencies and departments with foreign policy responsibilities are prepared by officials in the ________.

A) National Security Council
B) State Department
C) Central Intelligence Agency
D) Office of Management and Budget

Question 59

NATO is an example of a ________.

A) free-trade agreement
B) military treaty
C) bilateral agreement
D) multilateral agreement

Question 60

What is the principal foreign policy department in the executive branch?

A) the Central Intelligence Agency
B) the Department of Defense
C) the Federal Bureau of Investigation
D) the Department of State

Question 61

Military force

A) always prevails in modern society.
B) is a fundamental tool of foreign policy.
C) has eliminated the terrorist threat posed by ISIL.
D) has eliminated the Taliban in Afghanistan.

Question 62

What does the concept of civilian control of the military mean?

Question 63

Is military force all-powerful? Why or why not?

Question 64

Why is North Korea a challenge to foreign policy officials in the United States? Explain.

Question 65

American critics of globalization contend that it has

A) increased the price of U.S. goods.
B) slowed the pace of technological advancement.
C) led to significant losses in U.S. manufacturing jobs.
D) flooded the free market with goods that Americans do not want.

Question 66

What are tariffs and why are they important?

Question 67

What was the Monroe Doctrine and why was it important?

Question 68

As a percentage of gross national income (GNI), how much does the United States give in foreign aid as compared to the rest of the developed world?

A) more than others
B) about the same
C) less than others
D) The United States does not give foreign aid.

Question 69

Is trade essential for the United States? Explain.

Question 70

Do you subscribe to a school of analysis of foreign policy? Explain which one or ones and why if so, or why not if not.

Question 71

Which one of the following statements is accurate?

A) Trade with other countries has helped to reduce the U.S. trade deficit.
B) Trade with other countries has improved the quality of manufactured goods.
C) Trade with other countries has helped to increase wages and benefits for most American workers.
D) Trade with other countries has allowed some American companies to increase their profits.

Question 72

What is foreign policy and why is it important?

Question 73

What was the dominant idea utilized by U.S. officials in the conflict in Vietnam?

Question 74

Explain why the framers of the Constitution created tension between Congress and the president with regard to foreign policy.

Question 75

Nuclear bombs, nerve gas, and anthrax are all examples of ________.

A) fissile materials
B) weapons of mass destruction
C) globalized agents
D) nongovernmental tools

Question 76

The United States currently faces major challenges in foreign policy, including in ________.

A) Germany, France, and Belgium
B) Finland, Norway, and Denmark
C) North Korea, Afghanistan, and China
D) the United Kingdom, Italy, and Switzerland

Question 77

A liberal would argue that the United States should remain in Afghanistan because leaving the nation could

A) lead to increases in the price of oil, harming the larger U.S. economy.
B) convey military weakness, emboldening the enemies of the United States.
C) lead to an anti-American government taking power, resulting in an increased risk of another terrorist attack against the United States.
D) lead to a full-fledged Afghani civil war that results in significant suffering for the Afghan people.

Question 78

What is the difference between gross domestic product and gross national income? Explain.

Question 79

Explain the doctrine of containment.

Question 80

What are the responsibilities of the Department of Homeland Security?