Deck 13: Latin Europe, 1200-1500

Question 1

In Europe's later Middle Ages, the rapid growth of industry resulted in environmental changes; which of the following was not among them?

A) Deforestation
B) Water pollution by industries such as tanneries
C) The damming of rivers
D) The creation of quarry pits and mines
E) The extinction of many animal species

Answer 1

The extinction of many animal species

Question 2

Windmills and watermills

A) were invented in later medieval Europe.
B) dated back to Roman times and had long been common in the Islamic world.
C) were banned by the pope as the "devil's wheel."
D) had little impact in Europe.
E) were unknown in China.

Answer 2

dated back to Roman times and had long been common in the Islamic world.

Question 3

What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe?

A) the Black Death
B) the rise of popular literature
C) the rise of cities
D) the decimated agricultural productivity of the early 14th century
E) emancipation after participating in the Hundred Years' War

Answer 3

the Black Death

Question 4

Which of the following was not a social result of the Black Death epidemic?

A) A demand by laborers for higher pay
B) A call for democracy
C) Peasant revolutions
D) An increase in per capita production
E) An end of serfdom for all intents and purposes

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the Hanseatic League?

A) An economic and defensive alliance of free towns in northern Germany.
B) The basic alignment for the Fourth Crusade.
C) A treaty involving Latin Europe's agricultural resources.
D) A reliable transportation infrastructure.
E) The beginning of the guild system.

Question 6

One of the most significant growth industries in the 14th century was:

A) merchant banking
B) stonemasonry
C) papermaking
D) wool weaving
E) metal smelting

Question 7

The growth of metal working industries in the Middle Ages was due to

A) watermills
B) improved mining techniques from Central Europe
C) blast furnaces
D) new sources of metals
E) all of these

Question 8

What official role did the Catholic Church play in the persecution of Jews in medieval Europe?

A) It usually organized the persecution.
B) It did not often participate but usually looked the other way when persecution took place.
C) It assisted the authorities in helping to find out which Jews were responsible for any social disturbances.
D) It advocated a separate Jewish state in Europe.
E) It played no official role in the persecution, as the church was officially the protector of Jews.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of merchant banking in the fifteenth century?

A) Jews were prohibited from moneylending for religious reasons.
B) Florence lagged behind the rest of the Latin West.
C) Checking accounts, shareholding companies, moneychanging, loans, and investments were offered as services.
D) Services were only offered to the clergy.
E) No money could be lent for the purpose of warfare in accordance with the Banker Agreement of 1499.

Question 10

Guilds, which came to dominate medieval European life, was

A) a band of knights without ties to a lord.
B) an association of craft specialists from the same trade.
C) an order of monks.
D) a unit of currency in use throughout the Latin West.
E) a measurement of distance.

Question 11

The predominant city for trade with the Far East during the Middle Ages was:

A) Paris
B) London
C) Flanders
D) Venice
E) Barcelona

Question 12

The continued growth of trade and manufacturing after 1200 resulted in:

A) The growth of wealthy port cities and urban areas in the Latin West.
B) The continuing economic depression in agriculture.
C) The isolation of Europe from the rest of the world.
D) Religious revival and expansion.
E) Strict government regulation.

Question 13

The Hanseatic League was based in

A) Germany.
B) Russia.
C) the Ottoman Empire.
D) England.
E) Bulgaria.

Question 14

The three-field system was

A) the traditional three-part contest performed by knights.
B) the legal system.
C) the political relationship between king, lord, and serf.
D) the technology used in medieval optics.
E) an agricultural method.

Question 15

The power of the Venetian traders was based on trade network connections with which of the following?

A) Constantinople
B) Genoa
C) Damascus
D) Cairo
E) all of the above

Question 16

Which factor was not a contributor to the doubling of the European population between 1100-1445?

A) economic growth
B) warm temperatures
C) new farming techniques
D) few epidemics
E) unification under Christianity

Question 17

The Bubonic Plague was brought originally from Central Asia by the Mongols and eventually to Europe by

A) Mongol invaders.
B) Chinese explorers.
C) Genoese traders.
D) Christian monks.
E) Russian serfs.

Question 18

The Black Death, which had killed one out of three western Europeans, was primarily

A) bubonic plague.
B) influenza.
C) anthrax.
D) malaria.
E) dysentery.

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of trading cities in Europe during the Middle Ages?

A) They were unable to produce products to compete with Asian products.
B) They offered people more social freedom than rural places.
C) They were often "chartered cities" where residents could claim freedom.
D) They were able to quickly adapt to changing market conditions.
E) They were home to most of Europe's Jews.

Question 20

Western Europeans of the later Middle Ages underscored their allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church and the Latin language and referred to themselves as

A) Franks.
B) Europeans.
C) Westerners.
D) "Old Worlders."
E) Latins.

Question 21

Latin Europe regained some of the "lost knowledge" of the Greek and Arab world when works by Plato and Aristotle came into the Latin West through:

A) the recapture of northern Germany from the Huns.
B) the recapture of southern Italy from the Byzantines and of Sicily and Toledo from the Muslims.
C) contact with the court of Khubilai Khan.
D) the discovery of the remains of the Library of Alexandria.
E) the lively trade in classical antiquities.

Question 22

The most notable work in Scholasticism, the Summa Theologica, was written by:

A) Geoffrey Chaucer
B) Thomas Aquinas
C) Dante Aligheri
D) Jan Hus
E) Peter Abelard

Question 23

Which of the following is true of "new monarchies" in Europe between 1450-1600?

A) The primary nations were England, France and Spain.
B) it increased centralized power within largely fixed geographic limits.
C) it increased control over powerful noble families.
D) they relied on full-time armies paid for through taxes.
E) all of these.

Question 24

By 1500, the English Parliament

A) had been disbanded by King John.
B) had overthrown the king and gained complete governmental authority.
C) had become a permanent part of English government.
D) had yet to be officially formed.
E) had been disbanded.

Question 25

Joan of Arc

A) led the French to victory in a decisive battle during the Hundred Years War.
B) brokered the English and French peace treaty, thus ending the Hundred Years War.
C) became the queen of France during the Hundred Years War.
D) was the only woman permitted to attend the University of Paris.
E) founded the city of Orleans.

Question 26

Before they were expelled in 1492, the largest population of Jews in the West was found in

A) France.
B) Belgium.
C) Holland.
D) Spain.
E) England.

Question 27

Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is not true?

A) It affirmed that monarchs are subject to established law.
B) It confirmed the independence of the church and the city of London.
C) It gave new rights to the peasants.
D) It means "Great Charter."
E) It guaranteed the nobles' hereditary rights.

Question 28

Which of the following fostered artistic growth in the Renaissance?

A) The ability of the average person to afford art
B) The war against the Muslims, in which many Muslim artists and artwork were captured
C) The "artistic tax" by which part of every salary was used to support museums
D) The patronage of wealthy merchants and prelates
E) Universal education

Question 29

Credit for "the lost art of painting" being revived is traditionally given to:

A) Giotto
B) Van Eyck
C) Da Vinci
D) Botticelli
E) Rembrandt

Question 30

The Renaissance began in

A) eastern France.
B) southern England.
C) southern Russia.
D) Austria.
E) northern Italy.

Question 31

Spain and Portugal's "reconquest" and political consolidation of the Iberian peninsula was designed to recapture land from

A) Muslims.
B) Protestants.
C) Peasants.
D) Slaves.
E) Africans.

Question 32

The two new religious orders in the 13th century that lent themselves to teaching and preaching to the common people were:

A) Benedictines and Cappucines
B) Ursine and Jesuit
C) Dominican and Franciscans
D) Carmelites and Cistercians
E) Augustinian and Josephite

Question 33

What transformational change to later medieval military technology most directly impacted armored knights?

A) The catapult.
B) Crossbows with metal-tipped arrows.
C) The organization of knights into armies and primitive biological warfare.
D) Universal male conscription and the invention of the mace.
E) Military advancement based on merit.

Question 34

Latin Europe innovated these ideas as degree-granting corporations imparting both religious and nonreligious knowledge.

A) madrasas
B) museums
C) monasteries
D) universities
E) guilds

Question 35

Which of the following fields of study were directly associated with the humanists?

A) grammar
B) rhetoric
C) history
D) language
E) all of the above

Question 36

Which of the following does not describe the Divine Comedy?

A) It features the Roman poet Virgil as the author's guide through Hell.
B) It used the vernacular, foreshadowing the literary fashions of the later Italian Renaissance.
C) It was written by Dante Alighieri.
D) It made use of Greco-Roman classical themes.
E) It was written in Latin like most literature of the time.

Question 37

The Great Western Schism originated over

A) whether the seat of Catholicism should be in Rome or Constantinople.
B) whether or not women could be priests.
C) rival papal claimants between Avignon and Rome.
D) whether or not priests could be married.
E) the formation of different types of monasteries (Franciscan, Dominican, Cappucin, etc).

Question 38

What "architectural wonder" first made its appearance in France on or about the year 1140 C.E.?

A) Guild halls
B) Opera houses
C) Gothic cathedrals
D) Chateaux
E) Romanesque churches

Question 39

Which of the following is not a distinctive feature of the Gothic cathedral?

A) The flying buttress
B) Giant stained-glass windows
C) The Gothic arch
D) Their great height
E) The minarets

Question 40

One of the significant features of the growth of literature in the 14-15th century was

A) the development of epic poetry.
B) the composition of literature in Latin.
C) the incorporation of political criticism.
D) the composition of literature in the vernacular.
E) the inclusion of common people in literary tales.

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Summa Theologica

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
three-field system

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
reconquest of Iberia

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Hundred Years War

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Great Famine

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Hanseatic League

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Medici family

Question 48

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Gothic cathedral

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
water wheel

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
universities

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Black Death

Question 52

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
printing press

Question 53

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Renaissance (European)

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
new monarchies

Question 55

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Great Western Schism

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Canterbury Tales

Question 57

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
guild

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
Latin Europe

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
humanists (Renaissance)

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).
scholasticism

Question 61

How was Europe's success linked to its contacts with Byzantine and Muslim neighbors?

Question 62

What is humanism? What technological innovation encouraged the spread of humanist texts in Renaissance Europe?

Question 63

Approximately what percentage of the western European population died in the Black Death?

Question 64

The rival claim to the papacy by France found a conflict during the Schism that placed a second pope in which French city?

Question 65

What was the importance of the three field system?

Question 66

The later Middle Ages was a period of great intellectual and artistic achievement marked by what is often called the Renaissance. What was the Renaissance, and what were some of its most important and lasting cultural and artistic achievements?

Question 67

What were some of the technological advances and innovations in medieval Europe that some historians refer to as an "industrial revolution"? What were the environmental consequences?

Question 68

The period from 1200 to 1500 is better known as Europe's ______________.

Question 69

Describe the changes in civic life associated with urban growth in later medieval Europe. Use the document in the Diversity and Dominance section, "Persecution and Protection of Jews, 1272-1349," in your analysis. What do these documents reveal about the position of Jews in the Latin West?

Question 70

The first antipollution law (in response to the environmental changes of industrial growth) in Latin Europe was passed by

Question 71

What were the major causes of population decline in the fourteenth century, and what results did this have in social, economic, and political terms?

Question 72

Military technology and tactics changed considerably by the later Middle Ages. Describe these changes and their effect on nation building.

Question 73

The Great Western Schism was a manifestation of changing relations between the Latin Church and the monarchies of western Europe. Explain what brought about the schism and how it represented nationalistic urges.

Question 74

One of the most significant events in Europe in the later Middle Ages was the rise of the new monarchies. What three closely related transformations led to this rise? Choose one of the monarchies to illustrate your answer.

Question 75

The rebirth of learning in the Later Middle Ages often times wrongly dismisses the role of

Question 76

Which was the only city to leave Jews undisturbed before 1500?

Question 77

Scholasticism attempted to combine which two areas of intellectual development?

Question 78

What technology was key to the growth of mining, metalworking and mechanical energy in the late Middle Ages?

Question 79

Discuss the use of Latin versus vernacular language in the transmission of knowledge during the Middle Ages. What differences did language make?

Question 80

Explain the causes and effects of rural poverty in Europe between 1200 and 1500. What role did the natural environment play in people's survival?