Deck 18: Eye and Ear Medications

Question 1

Side effects of mydriatics may include ____________.

A) ocular irritation and conjunctivitis
B) conjunctival redness, itching and stinging, dizziness, and headache
C) change in the color of the iris and in length, thickness, and pigmentation of eyelashes
D) increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision, flushing, dryness of skin, and fever

Answer 1

increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision, flushing, dryness of skin, and fever

Question 2

Match each category of antiglaucoma medication with the correct mode of action and example drug to lower intraocular pressure (IOP).
Decrease production of aqueous humor and increase outflow, brimonidine (Alphagan-P).

A)Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors
B)Beta-adrenergic blockers
C)Mitotics
D)Prostaglandin analogs
E)Alpha agonists

Answer 2

Alpha agonists

Question 3

Side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can include _________.

A) conjunctivitis, local burning, and urticaria
B) increased intraocular pressure, thinning of cornea, and corneal ulceration
C) taste alteration, blood dyscrasias, hepatic and renal disorders
D) blurred vision, myopia, and twitching

Answer 3

taste alteration, blood dyscrasias, hepatic and renal disorders

Question 4

Match the five categories of ophthalmic medication with the appropriate examples.
Mydriatics

A)Treats swelling; NSAIDS or corticosteroids
B)Treats disorders associated with increased IOP
C)Treats infections
D)Lessens pain during procedures "numbs" the eye
E)Typically used to dilate the pupil

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of corticosteroids?

A) Increased intraocular pressure
B) Reduced resistance to bacteria, virus, or fungus
C) Delayed healing of corneal wounds
D) Hypersensitivity reaction

Question 6

Match each category of antiglaucoma medication with the correct mode of action and example drug to lower intraocular pressure (IOP).
Decrease aqueous humor formation and diuretic effect, dorzolomide (Trusopt).

A)Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors
B)Beta-adrenergic blockers
C)Mitotics
D)Prostaglandin analogs
E)Alpha agonists

Question 7

Match each category of antiglaucoma medication with the correct mode of action and example drug to lower intraocular pressure (IOP).
Increase aqueous humor outflow, latanoprost (Xalatan).

A)Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors
B)Beta-adrenergic blockers
C)Mitotics
D)Prostaglandin analogs
E)Alpha agonists

Question 8

Side effects of anti-infective eye agents can include ___________.

A) conjunctivitis
B) blurred vision
C) urticaria
D) All of the above.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of corticosteroids?

A) Pregnancy
B) Acute bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
D) Primary open-angle glaucoma

Question 10

Match the five categories of ophthalmic medication with the appropriate examples.
Anti-inflammatory agents

A)Treats swelling; NSAIDS or corticosteroids
B)Treats disorders associated with increased IOP
C)Treats infections
D)Lessens pain during procedures "numbs" the eye
E)Typically used to dilate the pupil

Question 11

Match the five categories of ophthalmic medication with the appropriate examples.
Anti-infectives

A)Treats swelling; NSAIDS or corticosteroids
B)Treats disorders associated with increased IOP
C)Treats infections
D)Lessens pain during procedures "numbs" the eye
E)Typically used to dilate the pupil

Question 12

Contraindication or caution with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors applies to ________.

A) open-angle glaucoma
B) acute bacterial, viral, or fungal infections or primary open-angle glaucoma
C) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, pregnancy, and lactation
D) short term preoperatively to reduce IOP

Question 13

Match each category of antiglaucoma medication with the correct mode of action and example drug to lower intraocular pressure (IOP).
Increase aqueous humor outflow, pilocarpine.

A)Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors
B)Beta-adrenergic blockers
C)Mitotics
D)Prostaglandin analogs
E)Alpha agonists

Question 14

Side effects of prostaglandin agonists include _______.

A) ocular irritation, conjunctivitis, and diplopia
B) conjunctival redness, itching and stinging, dizziness, headache
C) change in the color of the iris and in length, thickness, and pigmentation of eyelashes
D) increased intraocular pressure, local irritation, flushing, dryness of skin, and fever

Question 15

Side effects of a miotic agent may present as __________.

A) conjunctivitis, local burning, stinging, rash, and urticaria
B) increased intraocular pressure, thinning of cornea, and corneal ulceration
C) thirst, taste alteration, and renal disorders
D) blurred vision, myopia, twitching, and photophobia

Question 16

Match the five categories of ophthalmic medication with the appropriate examples.
Antiglaucoma agents

A)Treats swelling; NSAIDS or corticosteroids
B)Treats disorders associated with increased IOP
C)Treats infections
D)Lessens pain during procedures "numbs" the eye
E)Typically used to dilate the pupil

Question 17

Side effects of beta-adrenergic blockers may include ___________.

A) ocular irritation, diplopia, and aggravation of a preexisting cardiovascular disorder
B) thirst, taste alteration, and renal disorders
C) change in the color of the iris and in length, thickness, and pigmentation of eyelashes
D) increased intraocular pressure, local irritation, flushing, dryness of skin, and fever

Question 18

Match each category of antiglaucoma medication with the correct mode of action and example drug to lower intraocular pressure (IOP).
Decrease rate of aqueous humor production - timolol (Timoptic).

A)Carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors
B)Beta-adrenergic blockers
C)Mitotics
D)Prostaglandin analogs
E)Alpha agonists

Question 19

Contraindications for anti-infective eye agents can include __________.

A) viral or fungal diseases of the ocular structure
B) acute bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
C) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, pregnancy, and lactation
D) history of retinal detachment or retinal degeneration and corneal abrasion

Question 20

Match the five categories of ophthalmic medication with the appropriate examples.
Local anesthetics

A)Treats swelling; NSAIDS or corticosteroids
B)Treats disorders associated with increased IOP
C)Treats infections
D)Lessens pain during procedures "numbs" the eye
E)Typically used to dilate the pupil

Question 21

Contraindications for the use of prostaglandin analogs include ________.

A) patients with increased ocular pressure
B) history of retinal detachment or retinal degeneration and corneal abrasion
C) children, patients with hepatic and renal disease, and lactating mothers
D) angle-closure glaucoma

Question 22

Contraindications or extreme caution with beta-adrenergic blockers applies to ___________.

A) bradycardia and heart block, patients receiving oral beta-blocker drugs, and hyperthyroidism
B) acute bacterial, viral, or fungal infections or primary open-angle glaucoma
C) contact lens wearers, hepatic and renal disease
D) open-angle glaucoma

Question 23

Mydriatics are typically used to dilate the pupil to facilitate ophthalmic examinations.

Question 24

Patients being treated with anti-infective ophthalmic preparations should be instructed regarding _________.

A) possible hypersensitivity reactions
B) continuing the medication regardless of signs of sensitivity
C) no particular precautions with treatment of eye infections as they are not easily spread
D) the use of eye makeup and contact lenses is permitted during treatment and should be changed when treatment is complete

Question 25

The following classes of drugs are used to treat glaucoma, EXCEPT _________.

A) corticosteroids
B) sympathomimetics
C) alpha agonists
D) prostaglandin analogs

Question 26

Drops are preferred over ointments when used in children.

Question 27

A cycloplegic medication works by relaxing the pupil of the eye.

Question 28

The following medications are considered to exacerbate glaucoma, and should be avoided, EXCEPT __________.

A) corticosteroids
B) mydriatics
C) beta-adrenergic blockers
D) anticholinergics

Question 29

Mydriatics are the drugs of choice for use in angle-closure glaucoma.

Question 30

The use of eye makeup during treatment with anti-infective drops should be avoided.

Question 31

Restasis is a topical corticosteroid that is used to enhance tear production.

Question 32

Symptoms of an ear infection include __________.

A) Complete loss of hearing
B) Mental confusion and headache
C) Slowed pulse and low blood pressure
D) Pain, tenderness, difficulty hearing, fever

Question 33

Aminoglycosides are usually avoided for treatment of infections due to toxicity to the corneal epithelium.

Question 34

Patients being treated with anti-inflammatory ophthalmic drugs should be instructed to __________.

A) keep leftover drugs for new or recurrent eye inflammations
B) rub their eyes to relieve discomfort
C) use the medications as prescribed prior to inserting contact lenses
D) follow directions carefully regarding time and amount

Question 35

Patients being treated with miotics should be instructed regarding ___________.

A) rubbing eyes gently after instillation of medication
B) side effects are to be expected and do not need to be reported
C) taking the medication with breakfast to reduce side effects
D) avoidance of night driving

Question 36

A corticosteroid solution is a first line drug in the treatment of eye infections.

Question 37

Glaucoma is a condition in which there is increased intraocular pressure due to outflow obstruction of vitreous humor.

Question 38

Treatment for an ear infection would include _____.

A) Beta-adrenergic blockers and antibiotics
B) Antibiotics and anti-inflammatories
C) Mydriatics and anti-inflammatories
D) Antibiotics and alpha-agonists

Question 39

Pilocarpine should NOT be used __________.

A) during ophthalmic examinations
B) for open-angle glaucoma
C) in patients who are diabetic, pregnant, or lactating
D) angle-closure glaucoma associated with acute inflammation, history of retinal detachment.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is an INCORRECT instruction for a patient being treated with a beta-adrenergic blocker?

A) Do not discontinue your medication abruptly.
B) Close the tear duct after instillation.
C) Regular eye examinations are not required as often while taking this medication.
D) Allow 5 minutes in between instillation of multiple ophthalmic medications.

Question 41

Earwax build up may be treated with OTC products in many cases.

Question 42

Infants or children with an ear infection may be fussy, cry, or reach toward the ear.

Question 43

Acute, or angle-closure, glaucoma is considered a medical emergency.

Question 44

The pharmacist may fill an order for an otic (ear) preparation with an ophthalmic preparation of the same active ingredients and concentration.