Deck 13: Sexual Disorders and Gender Variations

Question 1

Compare and contrast frotteuristic disorder and exhibitionist disorder.

Answer 1

not answered

Question 2

Discuss the changes in the understanding and treatment of sexual dysfunction over the past 40 years.

Answer 2

not answered

Question 3

Define pedophilic disorder, being sure to describe the typical individual with this disorder. What form of therapy would you try if you were treating someone with pedophilia?

Answer 3

not answered

Question 4

Compare and contrast the characteristics of male hypoactive sexual desire disorder and female sexual interest/arousal disorder. Give and discuss two examples from biological causes of these disorders.

Question 5

Nocturnal penile erections are measured through a screening device called a(n) _____.

Question 6

Pain in the genitals during intercourse is called _____.

Question 7

Sarah has vaginismus. Explain her difficulties and identify possible causes of this dysfunction.

Question 8

Melody is nervous about getting treatment for female orgasmic disorder. She has read a lot about it online and asks you to explain to her the best treatment for female orgasmic disorder, including what the treatment entails as well as any controversial issues. What do you tell her?

Question 9

How does a person with gender dysphoria typically feel? Which treatment options would you consider if treating someone with this condition?

Question 10

A vacuum erection device may be used to treat _____ in males.

Question 11

In sex therapy, _____ refers to the belief that both partners in a relationship share the sexual problem.

Question 12

Masters and Johnson state that sexual disorders are often maintained because during intercourse one or both partners adopt a spectator role or have crippling fears about _____.

Question 13

The technique in which sexual partners use a graded set of sexual exercises to explore each other's body, but without engaging in intercourse or focusing on achieving orgasm, is called _____ focus.

Question 14

Certain techniques are used in the treatment of fetishes. Define and compare the following techniques: masturbatory satiation, orgasmic reorientation, and aversion therapy.

Question 15

Marcus has erectile disorder and comes to you, a sex therapist, for help. Before he begins treatment, he wants to know which methods are commonly used to help improve symptoms and how they work. Identify three approaches for treating erectile disorder and explain how each works.

Question 16

A woman experiencing _____ has vaginal muscle spasms that prevent comfortable entry of a penis.

Question 17

In males, delay in achieving orgasm, or not achieving it even after adequate stimulation, is termed _____.

Question 18

You are teaching a seminar on modern sex therapy. Explain to your students the principles of modern sex therapy, and describe three of the techniques that are often used with patients suffering from sexual dysfunction, and that should be used in almost all cases, regardless of the dysfunction.

Question 19

_____ is the inability to achieve an erection.

Question 20

The biological cause of male erectile disorder is MOST frequently _____ problems.

Question 21

The disorder frotteurism gradually decreases and often disappears by age _____.

Question 22

According to Masters and Johnson, the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle is more gradual and less sudden in women when they:

A) do not experience orgasm.
B) do not experience arousal.
C) experience a sexual aversion.
D) have experienced multiple orgasms.

Question 23

If a man is 90 years old and healthy, what is the chance, expressed as a percentage, that he still masturbates at least occasionally?

A) Less than 5 percent
B) Approximately 20 percent
C) Approximately 40 percent
D) Greater than 40 percent

Question 24

In a person who has an unusually long resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, which of the following is MOST likely?

A) The person is a man.
B) The person is a teenager.
C) The person did not have an orgasm.
D) The person was never aroused.

Question 25

If a woman had never experienced normal sexual functioning with her husband and had a problem with becoming aroused with him but found she could be aroused with other men, the type of dysfunction would be called:

A) lifelong and situational.
B) acquired and situational.
C) lifelong and generalized.
D) acquired and generalized.

Question 26

A man who has never been able to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse would MOST likely be diagnosed with which type of erectile disorder?

A) Acquired
B) Lifelong
C) Situational
D) Generalized

Question 27

Research shows that sexual dysfunctions among homosexual couples:

A) are virtually nonexistent.
B) generally are more severe than among heterosexual couples.
C) include two distinct categories not included among heterosexual dysfunctions.
D) are the same as those seen in heterosexual couples.

Question 28

What percentage of 17-year-old boys have had heterosexual intercourse?

A) 5 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 24 percent
D) 44 percent

Question 29

What percentage of 16-year-old males masturbate at least occasionally?

A) 15 percent
B) 35 percent
C) 55 percent
D) 75 percent

Question 30

A person who once experienced normal to above-normal levels of sexual desire recently has begun to feel much less sexual desire than normal. A sexual dysfunction following this pattern would be called:

A) situational.
B) acquired.
C) lifelong.
D) generalized.

Question 31

A person's gender at the time of birth, based on the genitals the person has, is referred to as that person's _____ gender.

Question 32

A woman is perfectly capable of masturbating to orgasm, yet she is unable to reach orgasm with a partner, either through sexual intercourse or through the partner's manual stimulation of her. MOST likely, this type of orgasmic disorder would be called:

A) lifelong.
B) acquired.
C) generalized.
D) situational.

Question 33

If an individual had experienced normal sexual functioning for years and then had a problem with becoming aroused only when with her husband as a partner, the type of dysfunction would be called:

A) lifelong and situational.
B) acquired and situational.
C) lifelong and generalized.
D) acquired and generalized.

Question 34

When people nearly strangle themselves to achieve arousal, they are practicing _____.

Question 35

If someone had a sexual dysfunction, we know that this person would NOT be having difficulty in which phase of the sexual response cycle?

A) Excitement
B) Resolution
C) Orgasm
D) Desire

Question 36

A person who has _____ may rub his genitals against an unsuspecting person in a crowded theater.

Question 37

If an individual had experienced normal sexual functioning for years and gradually developed a problem with becoming aroused under any condition, the type of dysfunction would be called:

A) lifelong and situational.
B) acquired and situational.
C) lifelong and generalized.
D) acquired and generalized.

Question 38

Individuals who feel that their actual gender identity is different from the gender they were born with would be diagnosed as having _____.

Question 39

If a woman is 90 years old and healthy, what is the chance, expressed as a percentage, that she still masturbates at least occasionally?

A) Less than 1 percent
B) Approximately 10 percent
C) Approximately 20 percent
D) Greater than 20 percent

Question 40

During the young adult years, which experience is LEAST common among women?

A) Engaging in masturbation
B) Not having had heterosexual contact
C) Having had sexual contact with a same-sex partner
D) Having had heterosexual contact

Question 41

Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder may include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) engaging in a low level of sexual activity.
B) finding sexual activity repulsive.
C) lacking interest in sexual activity.
D) having normal physical sexual responses.

Question 42

LaTisha experiences little sexual response to erotic cues and physical stimulation. She is MOST likely experiencing:

A) female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
B) hypersexuality.
C) vaginismus.
D) gender dysphoria.

Question 43

Which of the following drugs, when used at low levels, may raise the sex drive?

A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) Amphetamines
D) Pain medication

Question 44

Women with female sexual interest/arousal disorder have difficulty with:

A) painful intercourse.
B) vaginal spasms.
C) maintaining proper lubrication.
D) stereotypical female sex roles.

Question 45

If a therapist were seeing patients for treatment of low sexual desire, the therapist would be MOST likely find which of the following disorders as well?

A) Schizophrenia and eating disorders
B) Substance abuse and anxiety disorder
C) Depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Organic brain dysfunction and personality disorders

Question 46

Ayesha decided to go to therapy to address her low sexual desire and limited sex life with her husband. She talks about lots of issues from her past. The event from her past that her therapist believes is most responsible for her low sexual desire is:

A) sexual molestation.
B) the birth of her child.
C) infertility difficulties.
D) job satisfaction.

Question 47

Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in either low or high levels?

A) Estrogen
B) Prolactin
C) Testosterone
D) Progesterone

Question 48

Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in low but not high levels?

A) Estrogen
B) Prolactin
C) Testosterone
D) Progesterone

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of female sexual interest/arousal disorder?

A) Lack of clitoral swelling
B) Lack of interest in sexual activity
C) Inadequate lubrication during sexual activity
D) Lack of sexual fantasies

Question 50

An otherwise healthy man reports almost no interest in sexual activity and has had very few sexual experiences in the past several years. This person MOST likely is experiencing:

A) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
B) paraphilia.
C) sexual aversion.
D) sexual repulsion.

Question 51

Some individuals experience a normal interest in sex but choose not to engage in sexual relations. Such people would be diagnosed with:

A) sexual aversion.
B) hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
C) no sexual dysfunction.
D) failure of the sexual response cycle.

Question 52

A woman reports having vivid sexual fantasies, yet she is unable to experience either clitoral or labial swelling or vaginal lubrication. The MOST likely diagnosis for this woman would be:

A) vaginismus.
B) frigidity.
C) female orgasmic disorder.
D) female sexual interest/arousal disorder.

Question 53

In males, the penis becomes erect during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

A) Excitement
B) Arousal
C) Orgasm
D) Resolution

Question 54

Which is NOT an example of a sociocultural cause of low sexual desire?

A) A partner who lacks sexual skills
B) Loss of a job
C) Infertility problems
D) Use of pain medication

Question 55

A young woman who formerly had a fairly high sex drive, and who reports no new medical problems, nonetheless experiences an unexpected drop in sex drive. What would be an important question to ask her, before recommending some sort of psychotherapy?

A) "Have you been exposed to high levels of testosterone lately?"
B) "Have you recently started taking birth control pills?"
C) "Have you recently stopped using marijuana?"
D) "Have you experienced lower levels of prolactin lately?"

Question 56

To be classified as having male hypoactive sexual desire disorder, a man would have a reduced interest in sex and little sexual activity, with these conditions lasting:

A) a week.
B) a month
C) six months.
D) a year.

Question 57

Why might someone with obsessive-compulsive disorder have low sexual desire?

A) The person finds contact with body fluids and odors unpleasant.
B) The person compulsively seeks sexual partners.
C) The person obsesses about having no sexual partners.
D) The person is too afraid to enjoy sexual activity.

Question 58

In females, the labia swells during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

A) Desire
B) Arousal
C) Orgasm
D) Resolution

Question 59

A recently married, physically healthy man expresses great love for his new spouse, yet he feels almost no sexual desire for her. One likely cause of his condition is:

A) belief in a cultural double standard about women.
B) decreased testosterone output due to drinking on his wedding night.
C) increased estrogen output now that he has settled down.
D) a relationship that is too positive and healthy.

Question 60

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder differs from male hypoactive sexual desire disorder MOST notably in that it:

A) includes difficulties in both the desire and arousal stages of the sexual response cycle.
B) leads to reproductive difficulties.
C) is much more likely to have a physical cause than a psychological cause.
D) is much more difficult to treat.

Question 61

Which of the following is a sociocultural cause for male erectile disorder?

A) Diabetes
B) Loss of a job
C) Mild depression
D) Performance anxiety

Question 62

Based on the likely sociocultural factors related to erectile disorders, the BEST advice you could give to an aging couple would be to:

A) "Retire or quit your job or jobs."
B) "Provide more intense and lengthy penile stimulation."
C) "Focus on intercourse over other forms of sexual expression."
D) "Give up; there is no effective treatment."

Question 63

William, a 20-year-old who is having his first sexual relationship, has gone to see a sex therapist about a sexual dysfunction problem. What is William MOST likely suffering from?

A) Dyspareunia
B) Inhibited ejaculation
C) Early ejaculation
D) Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Question 64

Erectile dysfunction occurs during the _____ phase of sexual arousal.

A) excitement
B) orgasmic
C) desire
D) resolution

Question 65

A normal healthy man experiences:

A) 20 to 30 minutes of penile erection per night of sleep.
B) most nocturnal tumescence during deep (delta) sleep.
C) brief, fleeting nighttime erections.
D) erections during REM sleep.

Question 66

What is the MOST common biological cause of erectile failure in men?

A) Diabetes
B) Performance anxiety
C) Vascular problems
D) Abnormal hormone levels

Question 67

A person who (unfortunately) had the following disorders-clogged arteries, diabetes, and kidney failure-would be at special risk for:

A) erectile disorder.
B) early ejaculation
C) dyspareunia.
D) vaginismus.

Question 68

If Dr. Henson is looking for a biological cause of an erectile disorder, she would MOST productively look for a:

A) neurological problem.
B) vascular problem.
C) reproductive problem.
D) renal problem.

Question 69

According to Masters and Johnson, performance anxiety may result in a man:

A) failing to break a snap gauge band.
B) breaking a snap gauge band.
C) experiencing severe depression after sexual activity.
D) adopting a spectator role during sexual activity.

Question 70

Tony sees a physician for erectile disorder and wants to understand why it is happening to him. His physician is likely to tell him that most cases of erectile disorder are caused by:

A) psychosocial factors.
B) physical impairment.
C) a combination of psychosocial and physical causes.
D) causes other than psychosocial or physical ones.

Question 71

From a psychological perspective, early ejaculation is usually the result of:

A) sexual aversion.
B) sexual impotence.
C) organic problems.
D) sexual inexperience.

Question 72

In the United States, over the past several decades, the typical duration of sexual intercourse has:

A) increased, as has the distress of those suffering from early ejaculation.
B) increased, while the distress of those suffering from early ejaculation has decreased.
C) decreased, while the distress of those suffering from early ejaculation has increased.
D) decreased, as has the distress of those suffering from early ejaculation.

Question 73

According to DSM-5, the cut-off point for diagnosing early ejaculation is within _____ of initiating sexual activity.

A) 30 seconds
B) 1 minute
C) 3 minutes
D) 10 minutes

Question 74

The most common male sexual dysfunction is:

A) erectile disorder.
B) orgasmic disorder.
C) early ejaculation.
D) dyspareunia.

Question 75

Compared with erectile disorder, early ejaculation is:

A) common among older men.
B) likely to have a physical explanation.
C) likely related to a low testosterone level.
D) common among men of all ages.

Question 76

According to DSM-5, all excitement disorders have in common the diagnostic requirement that the difficulty:

A) begins in adolescence or early adulthood.
B) causes significant distress or impairment.
C) is apparent in all sexual encounters.
D) lasts at least one year.

Question 77

A man does not have any penile erections during sleep. This indicates:

A) a normal response.
B) nocturnal penile tumescence.
C) performance anxiety.
D) a biologically based erectile dysfunction.

Question 78

An orgasm is a release of sexual tension through:

A) vascular congestion.
B) muscle contraction.
C) cardiac relaxation.
D) psychological desire.

Question 79

Which of the following occupations is MOST similar to what Masters and Johnson identified as the spectator role in sexual behavior?

A) Priest
B) Airline pilot
C) Actor
D) Judge

Question 80

A man awakens after eight hours of normal sleep and has an unbroken snap gauge band. There is a good chance that the man has a:

A) physical basis for his erectile problems.
B) socioculturally related erectile disorder.
C) psychologically related erectile disorder.
D) normal sex life.