Deck 34: Pediatric Surgery

Question 1

What size are pediatric instruments?

A) Same as adults
B) Micro instrument
C) Smaller in dimension
D) All of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Pediatric surgery is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses many surgical specialties. Most procedures can be classified into one of three groups, including all of the following, EXCEPT __________.

A) trauma surgery
B) treatment of disease
C) treatment of PID
D) treatment of congenital anomalies

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital absence of ganglion cells, which control the relaxation and contraction that occur in peristalsis

Answer 3

J

Question 4

Neonates and infants usually are transported to the OR in a __________.

A) small stretcher
B) heated Isolette
C) large crib
D) parent's arms

Question 5

The causative agent of retinal defect, microcephaly, and microphthalmia is __________.

A) cytomegalovirus
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 6

The method of induction depends on all the following EXCEPT __________.

A) child's age
B) presence of a parent
C) whether there is IV access
D) sex of child

Question 7

The causative agent of hydrocephalus and deafness is __________.

A) cytomegalovirus
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 8

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
A combination of congenital defects

Question 9

The causative agent of cerebral calcifications, microcephaly, and heart defects is __________.

A) Toxoplasma gondii
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 10

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
The most common primary renal malignancy of children

Question 11

The causative agent of measles is __________.

A) Treponema pallidum
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 12

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital narrowing of the thoracic aorta that restricts blood flow to the lower body

Question 13

Pediatric medications are prescribed according to the child's __________.

A) developmental stage
B) age
C) weight
D) all of the above

Question 14

The causative agent of syphilis is __________.

A) Treponema pallidum
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 15

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Is a congenital anomaly characterized by a stricture or blockage of the passage between the nasal sinus and the pharyngonasal airways

Question 16

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
A congenital anomaly that includes several types of neural tube defects, including incomplete closure of the bony spinal column around the spinal cord

Question 17

During surgery, the prewarmed operating room (OR), warm air blanket, and overhead lighting contribute to __________.

A) OR environment
B) intraoperative procedure
C) intraoperative warming
D) all of the above

Question 18

The causative agent of chickenpox is __________.

A) Treponema pallidum
B) varicella-zoster virus
C) rubella virus
D) herpesvirus

Question 19

Infants and children can become rapidly dehydrated. Before surgery begins, a(n) ______________ line is inserted to maintain access to the circulatory system.

A) IV
B) endotracheal tube
C) catheter
D) tube

Question 20

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital anomaly in which large parts of the brain fail to develop

Question 21

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
A type of abdominal wall deformity in which the viscera develop outside the body, contained within a peritoneal sac

Question 22

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
An abdominal wall defect in which the viscera form outside the body

Question 23

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
These are embryonic remnants or slits in the neck region that persist as cysts or fistulas after birth

Question 24

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital cardiac defect in which a hole in the interatrial septum allows blood from the left atrium to flow into the right atrium

Question 25

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Is a fetal heart structure that shunts blood from the right ventricle into systemic circulation

Question 26

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Also called pyloric stenosis

Question 27

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital cardiac defect

Question 28

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Webbing of the fingers or toes as a result of incomplete separation of the digits in embryonic life

Question 29

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
A fistula connecting the esophagus with the trachea

Question 30

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Partial or complete division of the lip or palate prevents the infant from sucking effectively

Question 31

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Complete or partial absence of the esophagus

Question 32

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Pectus excavatum or pectus carinatum

Question 33

Match the congenital and genetic abnormalities with the definition.
a.Anencephaly
b.Atrial septal defect
c.Branchial cleft cysts and clefts
d.Chest wall deformities
e.Choanal atresia
f.Cleft lip or palate
g.Coarctation of the aorta
h.Esophageal atresia
i.Gastroschisis
j.Hirschsprung disease
k.Infantile hypertrophic
l.Omphalocele
m.Patent ductus arteriosus
n.Pulmonary valve stenosis
o.Spina bifida
p.Syndactyly
q.Tetralogy of Fallot
r.Tracheoesophageal fistula
s.Ventricular septal defect
t.Wilms tumor
Congenital cardiac defect in which the pulmonary valve leaflets are fused, restricting circulation of the blood from the right ventricle to the lungs