Deck 2 (CO): Some Basic Chemistry

Question 1

The bond between sodium and chloride in a molecule of NaCl is a(n)_____________ bond.

Answer 1

ionic

Question 2

An atom of carbon has _________ electrons to share with other atoms.

Answer 2

four

Question 3

For the elements iron and iodine,the chemical symbols are ________ and _________.

Answer 3

Fe,I

Question 4

When atoms gain or lose electrons,a(n)__________________ bond is formed.

Question 5

An atom of oxygen has ________ electrons to share with other atoms.

Question 6

A synonym for ionization (such as NaCl in water)is _________________________.

Question 7

The weak bonds that help maintain the 3-D shape of proteins and nucleic acids are ___________________ bonds.

Question 8

An ionic bond is formed when atoms gain or lose _______________________.

Question 9

For the elements sodium and sulfur,the chemical symbols are ________ and ________.

Question 10

For the elements cobalt and copper,the chemical symbols are _______ and ________.

Question 11

The number of positive or negative charges an ion has is called its ___________________.

Question 12

An anion is an ion with a __________________ charge.

Question 13

The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule are ________________ bonds.

Question 14

An atom that has lost or gained electrons is called a(n)________________________.

Question 15

A cation is an ion with a _____________________ charge.

Question 16

For the elements chlorine and calcium,the chemical symbols are _______ and ________.

Question 17

A bond in which electrons are shared between two atoms is a(n)__________________ bond.

Question 18

Dissociation means that a molecule breaks into its ____________________.

Question 19

For the elements potassium and phosphorus,the chemical symbols are ______ and _______.

Question 20

The bonds in a molecule of oxygen are _________________ bonds.

Question 21

The subunits of a molecule of glycogen are molecules of ________________________.

Question 22

Amino acids are the subunits of __________________________.

Question 23

Fatty acids and glycerol are the subunits of the energy storage molecules called ____________________________.

Question 24

The subunits of the true fats are ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 25

Peptide bonds are found between the ______________________ in a molecule of _____________________.

Question 26

Plasma is the name for the water within _____________________________.

Question 27

The name for the water around cells is ___________________________.

Question 28

While sweating,the body loses heat by the process of _____________________________.

Question 29

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group,a(n)_______________________,and a(n)_____________________________.

Question 30

Two polysaccharides made of glucose are ____________________ and _________________.

Question 31

The name for the water within blood vessels is _____________________.

Question 32

Disulfide bonds help maintain the 3-D shape of _____________________.

Question 33

The subunits of DNA and RNA are called _____________________________.

Question 34

The name for the water in lymph vessels is ________________________.

Question 35

The name for the water within cells is _________________________.

Question 36

The body as a whole changes temperature slowly because the body is mostly _____________.

Question 37

Starches are plant polysaccharides made of _________________________.

Question 38

The subunits of proteins are molecules called ____________________________.

Question 39

The bonds between the amino acids in a protein are ___________________ bonds.

Question 40

Glucose is a monosaccharide called a(n)___________________ sugar.

Question 41

The synovial fluid of joints is an example of the _______________________ function of water.

Question 42

Excess glucose is stored as ______________________ in the _________________________.

Question 43

The mucus of the large intestine is an example of the _______________________ function of water.

Question 44

The sense of taste depends on the _____________________ function of water.

Question 45

The lipids that form the largest part of cell membranes are the _________________________.

Question 46

A disaccharide such as sucrose is used by the body for ____________________________.

Question 47

The evaporation of sweat is a mechanism for the loss of ___________________________.

Question 48

A disadvantage of sweating is that it may lead to _________________________________.

Question 49

The polysaccharide that humans cannot digest is ______________________________.

Question 50

Starches from plants are digested by people to ____________________________.

Question 51

DNA is the genetic material in the ___________________________ of a cell.

Question 52

The excretion of waste products in urine depends on the _______________________ function of water.

Question 53

Phospholipids are present in all human cells as part of _______________________________.

Question 54

The energy storage molecule in the liver is ________________________.

Question 55

The energy-storage molecule in adipose tissue is ____________________________.

Question 56

The polysaccharide that stimulates peristalsis of the colon is __________________________.

Question 57

The transport of minerals in the blood depends on the _______________________ function of water.

Question 58

Glycogen is the storage form for excess __________________________.

Question 59

The carbohydrates that form self antigens on cell membranes are the ___________________.

Question 60

The genetic material of the chromosomes of a cell is ___________________________.

Question 61

Cells in the testes use cholesterol to synthesize ____________________________.

Question 62

The accumulation of carbon dioxide will cause the _____________ of body fluids to decrease.

Question 63

Two minerals that provide strength in bones are ______________________ and __________________________.

Question 64

The raw materials of cell respiration are ________________ and ___________________.

Question 65

The inorganic molecular products of cell respiration are ________________ and _______________.

Question 66

The mineral necessary for blood clotting is ___________________________.

Question 67

The precursor molecule for the steroid hormones is _____________________________.

Question 68

Cells in the ovaries use cholesterol to synthesize ____________________________.

Question 69

The monosaccharides that are part of DNA and RNA are the ________________________.

Question 70

The waste product of cell respiration is _______________________________.

Question 71

The mineral that carries oxygen in red blood cells is ________________________.

Question 72

Biologically useful energy is released in cell respiration in the form of _________________.

Question 73

A large molecule made of the elements C,H,O,N,and P would most likely be a(n)______________________________.

Question 74

The product of cell respiration that in excess will cause cellular pH to decrease is ____________________________.

Question 75

Two minerals that are needed for nerve impulse transmission are _________________ and _________________________.

Question 76

The steroid molecule that is part of cell membranes is __________________________.

Question 77

Pentose sugars are part of the larger molecules _____________ and ______________.

Question 78

The energy products of cell respiration are __________________ and _______________.

Question 79

The purpose of cell respiration is to produce ________________ from _________________.

Question 80

Cholesterol is the precursor molecule from which ______________________ hormones are made.