Deck 2 (MC): Some Basic Chemistry

Question 1

Dissociation of salts is important to:

A)free ions to take part in other reactions
B)produce energy
C)keep salt molecules stable in water
D)keep salt molecules stable as solids

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A cation has a:

A)positive charge,and an example is a chloride ion
B)negative charge,and an example is a potassium ion
C)positive charge,and an example is a calcium ion
D)negative charge,and an example is an iron ion

Answer 2

C

Question 3

An atom that has gained an electron is now called:

A)an ion that is neutral
B)an ion with a charge of +1
C)an ion with a charge of -1
D)an atom with a charge of +1

Answer 3

C

Question 4

An anion has a:

A)positive charge,and an example is a hydrogen ion
B)negative charge,and an example is a bicarbonate ion
C)positive charge,and an example is a chloride ion
D)negative charge,and an example is a sodium ion

Question 5

Ionization of salts such as sodium chloride takes place:

A)when the temperature rises
B)when the temperature falls
C)in the solid state
D)in water

Question 6

The term dissociation refers to:

A)ionic bonds
B)the breaking of bonds in a water solution
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and covalent bonds

Question 7

A cation has a:

A)positive charge
B)negative charge
C)neutral charge
D)none of these,because the charge may vary

Question 8

Which statement is NOT true of ionic bonds?

A)They form salts.
B)In the solid state they are very strong.
C)In water,many ionic bonds weaken.
D)They involve the sharing of electrons.

Question 9

A covalent bond is formed when:

A)two or more atoms share electrons
B)two atoms form ions and are attracted to each other
C)one atom loses two electrons that are gained by another atom
D)a carbon atom loses all of its electrons to other atoms

Question 10

Which statement is NOT true of ions?

A)An ion has either a positive or negative charge.
B)Atoms become ions by gaining or losing protons.
C)Ions with unlike charges are attracted to one another and form ionic bonds.
D)An atom that loses an electron will have a charge of +1.

Question 11

Which element is NOT paired with its correct symbol?

A)hydrogen - H
B)sulfur - S
C)calcium - Ca
D)iron - I

Question 12

For iron,iodine,potassium,and phosphorus,the correct chemical symbols,in order,are:

A)I,Io,P,Ph
B)Fe,I,P,Ph
C)I,Io,K,P
D)Fe,I,K,P

Question 13

For cobalt,copper,calcium,and carbon,the correct chemical symbols,in order,are:

A)Cb,Co,Ca,C
B)Co,Cp,Ca,Cr
C)Cb,Cu,Cm,C
D)Co,Cu,Ca,C

Question 14

An ionic bond is formed when:

A)an atom of sodium loses an electron to another atom of sodium
B)an atom of sodium shares two electrons with two atoms of chlorine
C)an atom of sodium gains an electron from an atom of chlorine
D)an atom of sodium loses an electron to an atom of chlorine

Question 15

A synonym for dissociation is:

A)decomposition
B)ionization
C)synthesis
D)reformulation

Question 16

Which element is NOT paired with its correct symbol?

A)carbon - C
B)potassium - P
C)nitrogen - N
D)cobalt - Co

Question 17

Which element is NOT paired with its correct symbol?

A)sodium - S
B)oxygen - O
C)magnesium - Mg
D)chlorine - Cl

Question 18

For sodium,sulfur,zinc,and chlorine,the correct chemical symbols,in order,are:

A)S,Su,Z,Cl
B)Na,S,Zn,Cl
C)No,Su,Z,C
D)Na,S,Z,Cl

Question 19

A bond in which electrons are shared between atoms is:

A)ionic
B)reciprocal
C)covalent
D)di-electron

Question 20

An anion has a:

A)positive charge
B)negative charge
C)neutral charge
D)none of these,because the charge may vary

Question 21

Which statement is NOT true of covalent bonds?

A)These bonds are not weakened when in water.
B)A molecule of water is formed by covalent bonds.
C)These bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
D)The atoms of most inorganic molecules are bonded by covalent bonds.

Question 22

Glucose is a molecule that is a:

A)hexose sugar
B)monosaccharide
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and inorganic

Question 23

Large molecules of DNA and RNA are made of the smaller subunits called:

A)glucose
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)amino acids
D)nucleotides

Question 24

Disulfide bonds may be part of:

A)some starches
B)some proteins
C)DNA and RNA
D)true fats

Question 25

Glycogen and starch are ___ that are made of ___.

A)disaccharides/sucrose
B)polysaccharides/glucose
C)disaccharides/glucose
D)polysaccharides/sucrose

Question 26

Glucose molecules are the subunits of:

A)starch
B)glycogen
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and cellulose

Question 27

The chemical formula for glucose is:

A)C₁₂H₆O₁₂
B)C₁₂H₆O₆
C)C₆H₆O₆
D)C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 28

Fatty acids and glycerol are the subunits of:

A)phospholipids
B)true fats
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and cholesterol

Question 29

Which statement is NOT true of saturated fats?

A)Most are plant oils.
B)They have the maximum number of hydrogens.
C)They have single bonds between carbons.
D)They have been implicated in heart disease.

Question 30

An atom of carbon has ___ electrons to share to form ___ bonds.

A)2/ionic
B)4/covalent
C)2/covalent
D)4/ionic

Question 31

Which statement is NOT true of amino acids?

A)They all contain the elements C,H,O,and N.
B)They are the subunits of proteins.
C)A chain of amino acids is linked by ionic bonds.
D)There are about 20 different amino acids in human proteins.

Question 32

The bonds that make water cohesive are:

A)disulfide bonds
B)hydrogen bonds
C)ionic bonds
D)water bonds

Question 33

Large molecules of glycogen are made of the smaller subunits called:

A)glucose
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)amino acids
D)nucleotides

Question 34

Glucose,fructose,and galactose are:

A)hexose sugars
B)monosaccharides
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and all have the same chemical formula

Question 35

Glucose is a molecule that is a:

A)double sugar
B)hexose sugar
C)pentose sugar
D)triple sugar

Question 36

Large molecules of true fats are made of the smaller subunits called:

A)fatty acids and glucose
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)amino acids
D)nucleotides

Question 37

Which statement is NOT true of the subunits of organic molecules?

A)Glycogen is made of glucose.
B)Glycerol is found in true fats and in diglycerides.
C)DNA subunits are called deoxyprecursors.
D)The subunits of enzymes are amino acids.

Question 38

The bonds that hold the two chains of an insulin molecule together are:

A)disulfide bonds
B)peptide bonds
C)ionic bonds
D)protein bonds

Question 39

Large molecules of protein are made of the smaller subunits called:

A)glucose
B)fatty acids and glycerol
C)amino acids
D)nucleotides

Question 40

The bonds that help maintain the three-dimensional shape of proteins and nucleic acids are:

A)covalent bonds
B)hydrogen bonds
C)ionic bonds
D)water bonds

Question 41

The storage form for energy in adipose tissue is:

A)glycogen
B)true fats
C)pentose sugars
D)oligosaccharides

Question 42

Intercellular fluid is found:

A)within cells
B)between cells
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and around cells

Question 43

Which statement is NOT true of unsaturated fats?

A)They have one or more double bonds between carbons.
B)They have the maximum number of hydrogens.
C)Most are plant oils.
D)They are made of fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 44

Swallowing depends upon water as a:

A)solvent
B)lubricant
C)cushion
D)heat absorber

Question 45

Which of these is an example of the lubricant function of water?

A)the senses of smell and taste
B)synovial fluid in joints
C)transport of nutrients in the blood
D)excretion of waste products in urine

Question 46

The fluid found in spaces between cells is called:

A)lymph
B)plasma
C)intracellular fluid
D)tissue fluid

Question 47

Plasma is a fluid that is found:

A)in veins
B)in arteries
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and in capillaries

Question 48

The fluid found within veins is called:

A)lymph
B)plasma
C)intracellular fluid
D)tissue fluid

Question 49

The fluid found within lymph vessels is called:

A)lymph
B)plasma
C)intracellular fluid
D)tissue fluid

Question 50

The storage form for glucose in the liver is:

A)glycogen
B)true fats
C)pentose sugars
D)oligosaccharides

Question 51

Intracellular fluid is found:

A)within cells
B)between cells
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and in tissue spaces

Question 52

The fact that water changes temperature slowly is important for:

A)digestion of food
B)pumping of the heart
C)keeping a fairly constant body temperature
D)nerve impulse transmission

Question 53

The excretion of waste products in urine depends upon water as a:

A)solvent
B)lubricant
C)cushion
D)heat absorber

Question 54

Water can absorb a great deal of heat,and this is important for:

A)sweating to lose excess body heat
B)digestion of very large meals
C)nerve impulse transmission
D)production of RBCs

Question 55

Which of these is NOT an example of the importance of water as a solvent?

A)the senses of smell and taste
B)synovial fluid in joints
C)transport of nutrients in the blood
D)excretion of waste products in urine

Question 56

Lymph is a fluid that is found:

A)in lymph vessels
B)in tissue spaces
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and between cells

Question 57

The sense of taste depends upon water as a:

A)solvent
B)lubricant
C)transporter
D)heat absorber

Question 58

The fluid found within cells is called:

A)intercellular fluid
B)plasma
C)intracellular fluid
D)extracellular fluid

Question 59

The fluid found in spaces between cells is called:

A)tissue fluid
B)intercellular fluid
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and lymph

Question 60

The process of sweating depends upon water as a:

A)solvent
B)lubricant
C)transporter
D)heat absorber

Question 61

The undigested part of food that promotes peristalsis is:

A)cholesterol
B)cellulose
C)true fats
D)proteins

Question 62

The catalysts of cellular reactions are:

A)phospholipids
B)nucleic acids
C)hexose sugars
D)enzymes

Question 63

Vitamin D may be synthesized in the body from:

A)amino acids
B)phospholipids
C)cholesterol
D)disaccharides

Question 64

The precursor molecule for steroid hormones is:

A)cholesterol
B)cellulose
C)phospholipids
D)enzymes

Question 65

The function of DNA is to:

A)be the genetic code within cells
B)serve as the site of protein synthesis
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and form chromosomes

Question 66

For people,the function of cellulose is to promote:

A)energy production between meals
B)peristalsis
C)loss of heat in hot weather
D)retention of heat in cold weather

Question 67

The disaccharides are sugars that:

A)will be digested and used for energy,such as sucrose
B)will become part of DNA and RNA
C)will be digested for energy,such as fructose
D)are part of specialized enzymes

Question 68

Disaccharides in the diet are digested and used for:

A)energy
B)amino acids
C)proteins
D)cell membranes

Question 69

Which of these is NOT a disaccharide?

A)sucrose
B)galactose
C)maltose
D)lactose

Question 70

Cholesterol is important for the:

A)synthesis of steroid hormones
B)production of vitamin D
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and as part of cell membranes

Question 71

The self antigens on cell membranes are:

A)starch
B)pentose sugars
C)glucose
D)oligosaccharides

Question 72

Which organic molecule is NOT part of cell membranes?

A)glucose
B)protein
C)phospholipid
D)cholesterol

Question 73

Within the body,proteins may be:

A)enzymes
B)hormones
C)structural components of tissues
D)all of these

Question 74

The function of RNA is:

A)protein synthesis
B)cell respiration
C)to help synthesize DNA
D)to help synthesize ATP

Question 75

The pentose sugars are part of:

A)starches
B)DNA and RNA
C)specialized enzymes
D)cell membranes

Question 76

Sucrose and lactose are:

A)monosaccharides
B)disaccharides
C)oligosaccharides
D)polysaccharides

Question 77

The oligosaccharides are attached to:

A)DNA and RNA as part of the genetic code
B)certain enzymes as part of the active site
C)structural proteins to provide stability
D)cell membranes as self antigens

Question 78

The carbohydrates that are part of DNA and RNA are:

A)glucose
B)starch
C)pentose sugars
D)oligosaccharides

Question 79

RNA is different from DNA in that:

A)RNA is a single strand of amino acids
B)RNA has the base uracil where DNA has thymine
C)both A and B
D)neither A nor B

Question 80

The genetic material (genetic code)within cells is:

A)enzymes
B)RNA
C)DNA
D)phospholipids