Deck 8 (MC): The Nervous System

Question 1

The part of peripheral nerve tissue that forms the myelin sheath is the:

A)axon
B)Schwann cell nucleus
C)oligodendrocyte
D)Schwann cell membrane

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which statement is NOT true of the neuroglia?

A)The oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath.
B)Neuroglia is found only in the CNS.
C)The astrocytes contribute to the blood-brain barrier.
D)The microglia form small neurons.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The neurons that carry impulses entirely within the CNS are called:

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)interneurons
D)unmyelinated neurons

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The part of peripheral nerve tissue that helps promote regeneration of neurons is the:

A)neuroglia
B)myelin sheath
C)neurolemma
D)astrocyte

Question 5

The part of peripheral nerve tissue that electrically insulates the neuron is the:

A)neuroglia
B)myelin sheath
C)neurolemma
D)cell body

Question 6

A neuron consists of:

A)a cell body
B)dendrites
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and one axon

Question 7

Which statement is NOT true of the central nervous system (CNS)?

A)The CNS consists of the spinal cord and brain.
B)The CNS is in the dorsal cavity.
C)The CNS is covered by the meninges.
D)The cells of the CNS are neurons and Schwann cells.

Question 8

The type of neuroglia that helps form the blood-brain barrier is:

A)astrocytes
B)oligodendrocytes
C)Schwann cells
D)microglia

Question 9

The part of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body is the:

A)dendrite
B)Schwann cell
C)axon
D)myelin sheath

Question 10

Which part of the nervous system is NOT paired with its correct division?

A)brain - CNS
B)nerves in arm - PNS
C)spinal cord - CNS
D)cranial nerves - CNS

Question 11

The part of peripheral nerve tissue that forms the neurolemma is the:

A)Schwann cell nucleus and cytoplasm
B)oligodendrocyte
C)Schwann cell membrane
D)astrocyte

Question 12

Which statement is NOT true of the nervous system?

A)All of the CNS is protected by bone.
B)Nerve tissue consists of neurons and some specialized cells.
C)Peripheral nerves emerge only from the spinal cord.
D)Its functions include sensation,movement,and learning.

Question 13

The neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to effectors are called:

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)interneurons
D)unmyelinated neurons

Question 14

Which statement is NOT true of nerve tissue?

A)The dendrites carry impulses toward the cell body of a neuron.
B)Schwann cells are found only in the PNS.
C)If the cell body of a neuron dies,the rest of the neuron dies.
D)A neuron has only one axon and it is always microscopic in length.

Question 15

The type of neuroglia that forms the myelin sheath is the:

A)astrocytes
B)oligodendrocytes
C)Schwann cells
D)microglia

Question 16

The type of neuroglia that phagocytizes pathogens is:

A)astrocytes
B)oligodendrocytes
C)Schwann cells
D)microglia

Question 17

The part of a neuron that carries impulses toward the cell body is the:

A)dendrite
B)axon
C)Schwann cell
D)myelin sheath

Question 18

The neurons that carry impulses from receptors to the CNS are called:

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)interneurons
D)unmyelinated neurons

Question 19

The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus is the:

A)dendrite
B)cell body
C)axon
D)myelin sheath

Question 20

Which statement is NOT true of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

A)The PNS consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
B)The autonomic nervous system is part of the PNS.
C)The cells of the PNS are neurons and astrocytes.
D)Sensory and motor neurons are part of the PNS.

Question 21

The dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains:

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)either sensory or motor neurons
D)interneurons

Question 22

A group of neurons with shared functions in the CNS is called a:

A)sensory group
B)nerve
C)motor group
D)nerve tract

Question 23

Which statement is NOT true of synapses?

A)Synaptic transmission is only one way.
B)The presynaptic neuron releases the neurotransmitter.
C)The postsynaptic neuron contains an inactivator.
D)The inactivator may send the impulse back across the synapse if necessary.

Question 24

Which statement is NOT true of a nerve impulse?

A)Depolarization involves the entry of potassium ions.
B)Transmission at synapses requires neurotransmitters.
C)An action potential is electrical.
D)The electrical impulse is carried by the neuron's cell membrane.

Question 25

A nerve impulse at a synapse between two neurons is best described as:

A)electrical
B)chemical
C)mechanical
D)physical

Question 26

An electrical nerve impulse is carried by:

A)the cytoplasm of the neuron
B)the membrane of the neuron
C)the myelin sheath around the neuron
D)the neurolemma around the neuron

Question 27

A spinal nerve has:

A)two roots to the spinal cord
B)both sensory and motor neurons
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and some have interneurons

Question 28

Sensory neurons carry impulses from:

A)CNS to effectors
B)effectors to CNS
C)CNS to receptors
D)receptors to CNS

Question 29

Motor neurons carry impulses from:

A)CNS to effectors
B)effectors to CNS
C)CNS to receptors
D)receptors to CNS

Question 30

A nerve impulse along the neuron's cell membrane is best described as:

A)electrical
B)chemical
C)mechanical
D)physical

Question 31

Depolarization of a neuron involves:

A)entry of potassium ions and a positive charge outside
B)entry of sodium ions and a positive charge outside
C)entry of potassium ions and a negative charge outside
D)entry of sodium ions and a negative charge outside

Question 32

Which statement is NOT true of synapses?

A)The presynaptic membrane is part of an axon.
B)Some synapses are inhibitory,and magnify the impulse.
C)The postsynaptic membrane has receptor sites for the neurotransmitter.
D)Each neurotransmitter has its own inactivator.

Question 33

A neuron in a state of polarization has:

A)a positive charge outside and a negative charge inside
B)a negative charge outside and a positive charge inside
C)a positive charge outside and inside
D)a negative charge outside and inside

Question 34

Synaptic transmission of a nerve impulse involves:

A)a presynaptic neuron with a neurotransmitter
B)a postsynaptic neuron with an inactivator
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the synapse,the space to be crossed

Question 35

The electrical change that occurs on a neuron membrane that receives a stimulus is called:

A)the resting potential
B)polarization
C)repolarization
D)depolarization

Question 36

An action potential is _____,and includes _____.

A)chemical/polarization and depolarization
B)electrical/polarization and depolarization
C)chemical/depolarization and repolarization
D)electrical/depolarization and repolarization

Question 37

At synapses,nerve impulse transmission is accomplished by means of:

A)saltatory conduction
B)inactivators
C)neurotransmitters
D)the myelin sheath

Question 38

Depolarization of a neuron is:

A)a stabilization of charges on either side of the cell membrane
B)a neutralization of charges within the cytoplasm
C)a decrease of charges within the cytoplasm
D)a reversal of charges on either side of the cell membrane

Question 39

Which statement is NOT true of neurons?

A)Sensory neurons carry impulses to effectors.
B)Interneurons are found only in the CNS.
C)Motor neurons carry impulses away from the CNS.
D)Nerve tracts are within the CNS.

Question 40

A group of axons and dendrites in the PNS is called a:

A)sensory group
B)nerve
C)motor group
D)nerve tract

Question 41

The total number of pairs of spinal nerves is:

A)28
B)29
C)30
D)31

Question 42

The nerve that supplies the anterior side of the lower limb is the:

A)phrenic
B)popliteal
C)femoral
D)sciatic

Question 43

The nerves that supply the diaphragm are called:

A)phrenic nerves
B)intercostal nerves
C)radial nerves
D)sciatic nerves

Question 44

The cell bodies of motor neurons are located in the:

A)ventral root ganglia
B)dorsal root ganglia
C)white matter of the spinal cord
D)gray matter of the spinal cord

Question 45

The part of the spinal cord that,in cross-section,is shaped like the letter H is the:

A)white matter
B)gray matter
C)junction of the dorsal and ventral roots
D)pattern of the ascending tracts

Question 46

The nerve that supplies the thumb side of the forearm is called the:

A)intercostal nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)radial nerve
D)median nerve

Question 47

The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains:

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)either sensory or motor neurons
D)interneurons

Question 48

Which peripheral nerve is NOT paired with its correct distribution?

A)intercostal - chest wall
B)ulnar - lateral side of upper limb
C)sciatic - posterior side of lower limb
D)femoral - anterior side of lower limb

Question 49

Which of the following pairs is incorrect?

A)ventral root of spinal nerve - motor neurons
B)dorsal root of spinal nerve - sensory neurons
C)white matter of spinal cord - axons and dendrites of interneurons
D)gray matter of spinal cord - cell bodies of sensory neurons

Question 50

The tracts of the spinal cord that carry impulses to the brain are the:

A)ascending,or motor tracts
B)descending,or motor tracts
C)ascending,or sensory tracts
D)descending,or sensory tracts

Question 51

Which statement is NOT true of the spinal cord?

A)The ascending tracts are gray matter and are sensory.
B)In a cross-section,the gray matter is shaped like the letter H.
C)The cauda equina is the spinal nerves that descend below the end of the spinal cord.
D)The descending tracts are white matter and are motor.

Question 52

The tracts of the spinal cord that carry impulses away from the brain are the:

A)ascending,or motor tracts
B)descending,or motor tracts
C)ascending,or sensory tracts
D)descending,or sensory tracts

Question 53

The cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the:

A)ventral root ganglia
B)gray matter of the spinal cord
C)white matter of the spinal cord
D)dorsal root ganglia

Question 54

The axons of interneurons are located in the:

A)ventral root ganglia
B)dorsal root ganglia
C)white matter of the spinal cord or brain
D)gray matter of the spinal cord or brain

Question 55

The nerves that supply the chest wall are called:

A)phrenic nerves
B)intercostal nerves
C)sciatic nerves
D)brachial nerves

Question 56

The number of pairs of spinal nerves-cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral,and coccygeal-in order,are:

A)7,12,5,5,1
B)7,7,5,5,2
C)8,12,4,4,1
D)8,12,5,5,1

Question 57

Which group of spinal nerves is NOT matched with the correct number of pairs?

A)lumbar - 5
B)thoracic - 8
C)cervical - 8
D)sacral - 5

Question 58

Which statement is NOT true of the location of the spinal cord?

A)It is found in the vertebral canal formed by the vertebrae.
B)The meninges are between the spinal cord and the vertebrae.
C)Superiorly,the spinal cord ends at the foramen magnum.
D)Inferiorly,the spinal cord ends at the sacrum.

Question 59

The dorsal root ganglion of a spinal nerve contains the cell bodies of ___ neurons,and the gray matter of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of ___ neurons.

A)association/motor
B)motor/sensory
C)motor/association
D)sensory/motor

Question 60

The nerve that supplies the posterior side of the lower limb is the:

A)phrenic nerve
B)radial nerve
C)femoral nerve
D)sciatic nerve

Question 61

The part of the brain that regulates blood pressure and heart rate is the:

A)medulla
B)pons
C)hypothalamus
D)cerebrum

Question 62

The effector of a reflex arc:

A)generates an electrical impulse to the CNS
B)performs the reflex act
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and has one or more synapses

Question 63

The part of the brain that regulates muscle tone is the:

A)cerebellum
B)cerebrum
C)hypothalamus
D)medulla

Question 64

The part of a reflex arc that carries impulses to the CNS is the:

A)receptor
B)effector
C)motor neuron
D)sensory neuron

Question 65

These structures are part of a reflex arc:
Which set of numbers is the proper sequence of the pathway of impulses?

A)4,3,2,1,5
B)4,1,3,2,5
C)1,4,3,5,2
D)1,4,2,5,3

Question 66

The part of a reflex arc that carries impulses to the effector is the:

A)receptor
B)CNS
C)sensory neuron
D)motor neuron

Question 67

A reflex is:

A)a voluntary action that happens quickly
B)an involuntary response to a stimulus
C)a voluntary action that we do not have to think about
D)a twitch in a muscle

Question 68

The part of a reflex arc that contains one or more synapses is the:

A)receptor
B)CNS
C)effector
D)motor neuron

Question 69

The part of a reflex arc that performs the reflex act is the:

A)receptor
B)CNS
C)effector
D)sensory neuron

Question 70

The two parts of the brain that regulate breathing are the:

A)cerebrum and cerebellum
B)thalamus and hypothalamus
C)medulla and pons
D)hypothalamus and cerebrum

Question 71

The part of the brain that suppresses unimportant sensations is the:

A)hypothalamus
B)cerebrum
C)cerebellum
D)thalamus

Question 72

The practical importance of stretch reflexes is to:

A)keep the body upright
B)avoid objects seen approaching
C)react to stress quickly
D)prevent further injury to the body

Question 73

The part of the brain that regulates body temperature is the:

A)cerebrum
B)hypothalamus
C)thalamus
D)medulla

Question 74

What happens in a stretch reflex?

A)A stretched muscle is stretched further.
B)A stretched muscle will contract.
C)Part of the body pushes away a painful stimulus.
D)Part of the body is pulled away from a painful stimulus.

Question 75

Which statement is NOT true of a reflex arc?

A)The central nervous system is not directly involved.
B)A motor neuron carries impulses to the effector.
C)A sensory neuron carries impulses from a receptor.
D)The action that results is involuntary.

Question 76

The receptor of a reflex arc:

A)detects the stimulus
B)generates an electrical impulse
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and receives the return impulse

Question 77

The part of a reflex arc that detects the stimulus is the:

A)receptor
B)CNS
C)effector
D)motor neuron

Question 78

The practical importance of flexor reflexes is to:

A)keep the body upright
B)avoid objects seen approaching
C)maintain balance
D)prevent further injury to the body

Question 79

Which statement is NOT true of spinal cord reflexes?

A)They do not depend on the brain.
B)The brain cannot inhibit them.
C)Each reflex involves a particular reflex arc.
D)Some are useful clinically to evaluate the functioning of the nervous system.

Question 80

What happens in a flexor reflex?

A)A stretched muscle is flexed.
B)A stretched muscle will contract.
C)Part of the body pushes away from a painful stimulus.
D)Part of the body is pulled away from a painful stimulus.