Deck 42: Sonographic and Doppler Evaluation of the Female Pelvis

Question 1

Which one of the following are small vessels found along the periphery of the uterus?

A) Uterine arteries
B) Arcuate vessels
C) Iliac arteries
D) Peripheral vessels

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In transvaginal scanning, the scanning plane that is 90 degrees from the sagittal plane is the ______________ plane.

A) transverse
B) parasagittal
C) axial
D) coronal

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Menarche may be defined as which one of the following?

A) The state after reaching puberty during which menses occur every 21 to 28 days
B) When menses have ceased permanently
C) Time before the onset of menses
D) Midcycle

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The thin outer layer of the uterus is separated from the immediate layer by which one of the following?

A) Peripheral arteries
B) Uterine arteries
C) Arcuate vessels
D) Radial arteries

Question 5

The endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior enhancement in which one of the following phases?

A) Menses
B) Proliferative
C) Ovulatory
D) Luteal

Question 6

Arcuate artery calcifications may be observed in patients who are _______________.

A) pregnant
B) perimenopausal
C) postmenopausal
D) premenopausal

Question 7

Which one of the following techniques uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube?

A) Transvaginal
B) Perineal
C) Sonohysterography
D) Transendometrography

Question 8

Nabothian cysts are found near which one of the following anatomic structures?

A) Isthmus
B) Vagina
C) Endocervical canal
D) Peritoneum

Question 9

The transvaginal transducer should be soaked in disinfectant between uses for a minimum of _______________.

A) 3 to 5 minutes
B) 10 to 20 minutes
C) 30 to 60 minutes
D) 1 to 2 hours

Question 10

Depending on the menstrual cycle, the inner lining of the uterine cavity that appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound is which one of the following structures?

A) Myometrium
B) Perineum
C) Endouterine
D) Endometrium

Question 11

To image the fundus of the uterus with transvaginal sonography, the transducer should be angled so that the handle is positioned as described in which one of the following?

A) Closer to the bed
B) Farther from the bed
C) Lateral to the patient
D) Perpendicular to the patient

Question 12

The difference between the peak systole and the peak diastole is the __________.

A) LS ratio
B) S/D ratio
C) D/S ratio
D) CI ratio

Question 13

Symmetrical bilateral pelvic masses are likely to be which one of the following?

A) Ovarian cysts
B) Uterine fibroids
C) Pelvic muscles
D) Iliac vessels

Question 14

The middle layer of the uterus is which one of the following?

A) Serosa
B) Endometrium
C) Body
D) Myometrium

Question 15

Which one of the following techniques is the best way to measure the cervical-fundal dimension of the uterus?

A) Transvaginal
B) Translabial
C) Transabdominal
D) Endorectal

Question 16

The thickness of the endometrium should be measured in which one of the following planes?

A) Transverse
B) Longitudinal
C) Coronal
D) Oblique

Question 17

On the sagittal image with endovaginal sonography, the cervix of an anteverted uterus is seen in the _____________ of the screen, whereas the fundus of the anteverted uterus is found in the _____________ of the screen.

A) upper portion; lower portion
B) right side; lower portion
C) left side; right side
D) right side; left side

Question 18

The Doppler measurement that uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean over one cardiac cycle is the ________________ index.

A) pulsatility
B) resistive
C) mean systolic
D) mean diastolic

Question 19

Flexion refers to the axis of the uterine body relative to the ___________.

A) fundus
B) cervix
C) vagina
D) cornua

Question 20

The Doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divided by the highest systolic peak is which one of the following?

A) Pulsatility index
B) Mean Doppler gradient
C) Pourcelot resistive index
D) Mean systolic measurement

Question 21

Sonohysterography is usually performed on premenopausal women between days ________ of the menstrual cycle.

A) 3 and 5
B) 6 and 10
C) 10 and 14
D) 21 and 28

Question 22

Limitations of translabial scanning may be overcome by which one of the following?

A) Emptying the patient's bladder
B) Elevating the patient's head
C) Elevating the patient's hips
D) Assuming the left lateral decubitus position

Question 23

After the transducer has been soaked in a glutaraldehyde-type solution, which one of the following is an important step to ensure safe handling?

A) Check the cord for damage.
B) Wear gloves when handling the transducer.
C) Immediately place the transducer into a protective container.
D) Thoroughly rinse the transducer with water.

Question 24

On transabdominal imaging of the female pelvis, the distended urinary bladder:

A) is an acoustic window to view the pelvic anatomy.
B) serves as a "cystic" reference.
C) displaces the bowel into the false pelvis.
D) All of the above are correct.