Deck 2: Essentials of Patient Care for the Sonographer

Question 1

Which one of the following statements is false regarding the nasogastric (NG) tube?

A) Never pull on the tube when moving the patient.
B) Check for leaks in both the NG tube and suction equipment. If found, report them immediately.
C) Raise or open the drainage bottle as necessary.
D) Never disconnect the tubing.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The normal amount of oxygen in the blood is:

A) 90%.
B) 85%.
C) 80%.
D) 75%.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

An intravenous (IV) fluid container should always be ________ cm above the level of the patient's vein.

A) 5 to 8
B) 8 to 12
C) 18 to 20
D) 25 to 30

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding hand washing?

A) Wash your hands after touching blood, body fluids, or contaminated items-only when gloves are not worn.
B) Wash your hands after removing gloves, between patient contacts, and whenever indicated to avoid the transfer of microorganisms to other patients or the environment.
C) Washing your hands between tasks and procedures on the same patient may be necessary to prevent cross-contamination of different body sites.
D) Use plain soap for routine hand washing and an antimicrobial agent or waterless agent for specific situations (e.g., to control outbreaks, for hyperendemic infections).

Question 5

How many beats per minute (bpm) is the normal adult pulse rate?

A) 30 to 50
B) 50 to 75
C) 60 to 100
D) 100 to 120

Question 6

An artificial opening in the abdominal wall surrounded by a ring of mucosal tissue is called a(n):

A) ostomy.
B) stoma.
C) catheter.
D) annula.

Question 7

When transferring catheterized patients, the urine-collecting bag must be:

A) attached to the wheelchair or gurney.
B) held below the level of the patient's bladder.
C) emptied before starting the ultrasound examination.
D) analyzed for bacterial infection.

Question 8

Which one of the following is a special safety precaution for oxygen therapy?

A) Smoking where oxygen is used is allowed.
B) An oxygen cylinder can be placed next to a patient during transport.
C) Electrical equipment may be placed next to an oxygen cylinder.
D) The tank is secured in the upright position away from any heat source.

Question 9

Breathing that stops spontaneously for any reason is called:

A) apnea.
B) asthma.
C) dyspnea.
D) cyanosis.

Question 10

Lifting an object should be done using the muscles of the:

A) back.
B) legs.
C) feet.
D) shoulder.

Question 11

The basic principles of body mechanics require all of the following except:

A) maintain a stable center of gravity by keeping your center of gravity low and your back straight and bending your hips and knees.
B) maintain a strong base of support by keeping your feet apart, placing one foot slightly ahead of the other with the toes pointing in the direction of activity.
C) when lifting, flex your hips to absorb jolts, and turn with your feet instead of your knees.
D) maintain a center of gravity by keeping your back straight and any objects being lifted close to your body.

Question 12

When transferring a patient from a wheelchair to the examination table, you should:

A) bend at the knees and lean forward.
B) bend the back and lean backward.
C) bend only the knees.
D) bend the knees and back.

Question 13

Infectious materials include all of the following except:

A) blood.
B) intact skin.
C) synovial fluid.
D) cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 14

Vital signs include all of the following except:

A) blood pressure.
B) pulse rate.
C) hematuria.
D) respiratory rate.

Question 15

The most common arrhythmias are:

A) supraventricular tachycardia.
B) tachycardia and bradycardia.
C) heart block.
D) asystole.

Question 16

Examples of airborne transmission include all of the following except:

A) tuberculosis.
B) measles.
C) chickenpox.
D) mumps.

Question 17

Examples of contact transmission include all of the following except:

A) flu.
B) pertussis.
C) impetigo.
D) scabies.

Question 18

Which one of the following statements is false regarding the protocol for taking a blood pressure?

A) If the patient is sitting, be sure he or she has both feet in the air.
B) The brachial artery in the upper arm is the usual site for manually taking a blood pressure.
C) Move any clothing out of the way to place the blood pressure cuff properly.
D) Place the cuff above the elbow, making sure it is approximately an inch above the elbow.

Question 19

According to the National Institutes of Health, hypertension is defined as a blood pressure greater than (in mm Hg):

A) 120/80.
B) 135/75.
C) 140/90.
D) 150/100.

Question 20

A shortness of breath or the feeling of not getting enough air, which may leave a person gasping, is called:

A) apnea.
B) wheezing.
C) hyperventilation.
D) dyspnea.

Question 21

The basic infection control guidelines used to reduce the risks of spreading infection are called:

A) infection precautions.
B) standard precautions.
C) environmental controls.
D) patient-focused precautions.

Question 22

Examples of droplet transmission include all of the following except:

A) mumps.
B) pneumonia.
C) strep throat.
D) chickenpox.

Question 23

The most common nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection is a(n):

A) appendicitis.
B) pneumothorax.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) gastrointestinal infection.

Question 24

Which one of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) is applied last?

A) Mask
B) Gown
C) Gloves
D) Shoe covers