Deck 13 (MR): The Vascular System

Question 1

Which of the following statements are true of the nervous regulation of blood pressure (BP)(Select all that apply)?

A)The vasomotor center is in the hypothalamus of the brain.
B)Pressoreceptors throughout the length of the aorta detect changes in BP.
C)The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves are sensory for BP changes.
D)Increased vasoconstriction,to raise BP,is brought about by an increase in sympathetic impulses to the walls of arteries.
E)Nervous regulation of BP is a negative feedback mechanism.
F)If BP is high and must be brought back to normal,heart rate will decrease and vasodilation will occur.

Answer 1

C,D,E,F

Question 2

Which of the following statements are true of capillaries (Select all that apply)?

A)Their walls are made of simple squamous epithelium.
B)Blood plasma in capillaries becomes tissue fluid by the process of filtration.
C)The process of osmosis returns some tissue fluid to the blood at the venous end of capillaries.
D)The process of filtration brings dissolved nutrients to tissues.
E)The colloid osmotic pressure of blood is created by plasma proteins such as albumin.
F)The flow of blood into a capillary network is regulated by a precapillary sphincter.

Answer 2

A,B,C,D,E,F

Question 3

Which of the following statements are true of the body's responses to a small loss of blood (Select all that apply)?

A)Heart rate will increase.
B)Vasoconstriction will take place.
C)Filtration in the kidneys will increase.
D)Breathing will decrease to conserve energy.

Answer 3

A,B

Question 4

Which of the following statements are true of fetal circulation (Select all that apply)?

A)The foramen ovale permits fetal blood to flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle.
B)The ductus arteriosus permits fetal blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
C)Gases,nutrients,and waste products are exchanged between fetal blood and maternal blood in the placenta.
D)The two umbilical veins take blood directly to the fetal heart.
E)The two umbilical arteries take blood from the fetus to the placenta.
F)Shortly after birth,the ductus arteriosus constricts and the flap of the foramen ovale closes.

Question 5

Which of the following statements are true of the maintenance of blood pressure (BP)(Select all that apply)?

A)If more blood returns to the heart,the ventricles contract more forcefully to pump it out,and this raises BP.
B)The hormone ADH helps the kidneys conserve water,and helps prevent a decrease in BP.
C)The elasticity of the large arteries helps decrease diastolic BP.
D)If BP decreases,filtration in the kidneys decreases.
E)Aldosterone stimulates the reabsorption of Na+ ions by the kidneys,which lowers BP.
F)If BP decreases,the kidneys secrete the enzyme renin,which stimulates the secretion of epinephrine to prevent a further decrease.g.Norepinephrine stimulates vasoconstriction in skin,viscera,and skeletal muscles,all of which lower BP.
H)The hormone ANP increases the excretion of K+ ions by the kidneys,which helps conserve water and raise BP.

Question 6

Which of the following statements are true of arteries and veins (Select all that apply)?

A)Venous anastomoses ensure that oxygenated blood will get to tissues.
B)The endothelium of both arteries and veins contributes to the prevention of abnormal clotting.
C)The smooth muscle layer of veins is thicker than that of arteries because veins are farther from the heart.
D)Only veins have valves,which keep the blood moving between heartbeats.
E)The fibrous connective tissue layer of arteries is relatively thin because the blood is moving fast.
F)Arterial anastomoses ensure that blood will be able to return to the heart.

Question 7

Which of the following statements are true of venous return (Select all that apply)?

A)Starling's law of the heart depends upon venous return.
B)Venous return is the volume of blood the veins return to the heart.
C)Ordinary walking increases venous return because it increases the skeletal muscle pump.
D)Breathing faster and deeper will increase venous return.

Question 8

Which of the following statements are true of hepatic portal circulation (Select all that apply)?

A)The liver is essential because its two sets of capillaries help regulate blood pressure.
B)Blood from the digestive organs and spleen circulates through the liver before returning to the heart.
C)As blood flows through the liver,excess glucose is stored as glycogen.
D)The liver is a storage site for iron and the water-soluble vitamins.

Question 9

Which of the following statements are true of the locations of arteries and veins (Select all that apply)?

A)The femoral artery and vein are in the thigh.
B)The common iliac veins empty into the superior vena cava.
C)The celiac artery branches into the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries.
D)The right and left common carotid arteries are branches of the ascending aorta.
E)The jugular veins drain blood from the shoulders and arms.
F)The renal arteries are branches of the thoracic aorta.