Question 1

The symptoms of gout are due to&#10;A) an increase in the excretion of uric acid.&#10;B) buildup of uric acid in the blood.&#10;C) cartilage loss in the joints.&#10;D) a decrease in uric acid in the blood.

Accepted Answer

Gout symptoms are caused by the buildup of uric acid in the blood, leading to the formation of urate crystals in the joints.

Question 2

A client takes calcium three times a day in the form of supplements. The nurse will advise the client to take the drug&#10;A) with tea or coffee.&#10;B) on an empty stomach.&#10;C) with zinc supplements.&#10;D) with food.

Accepted Answer

Taking calcium supplements with food can enhance absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort.

Question 3

The client has gout and receives allopurinol (Zyloprim). The nurse has completed medication education and evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statements? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;It may take a few days or weeks for me to get the full effect of this medication.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should not drink alcohol while taking this drug.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;If I develop a skin rash, I should contact the prescriber.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I should not crush this medication.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;I should take this medication with food.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Allopurinol may take a few days or weeks to show full effects (A). Alcohol can increase uric acid levels and should be avoided (B). A skin rash can indicate a serious reaction and should be reported (C). Taking the medication with food can help reduce stomach upset (E).

Question 4

The nurse is teaching about the need for vitamin D in the body. The nurse would put these steps of vitamin D activation and action in which order?&#10;A) Calcium absorption is increased in the small intestine&#10;B) Calcifediol is formed&#10;C) Dietary products are consumed&#10;D) Calcitriol is formed&#10;E) Cholecalciferol is synthesized&#10;Standard Text: Click and drag the options below to move them up or down.

Accepted Answer

Dietary products are consumed (C) which contain vitamin D or its precursors. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is synthesized in the skin or ingested (E). It is then converted to calcifediol in the liver (B). Calcifediol is further converted to calcitriol in the kidneys (D), which increases calcium absorption in the small intestine (A).

Question 5

The nurse teaches a class for college students about osteoporosis. What is the best information to include?&#10;A) Prevention of osteoporosis begins in early adulthood.&#10;B) Medication is the primary treatment to prevent and halt bone loss.&#10;C) Osteoporosis is an inevitable part of aging.&#10;D) Men do not need to be concerned about osteoporosis.

Accepted Answer

Prevention of osteoporosis should begin in early adulthood through lifestyle choices such as adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Question 6

The client has osteomalacia, and the physician has ordered a treatment to restore calcium balance. What will the nurse plan to administer to the client?&#10;A) Calcium supplements and dark green, leafy vegetables&#10;B) Calcium supplements and milk products&#10;C) Calcium supplements and potassium&#10;D) Calcium supplements and vitamin D

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the body, and its supplementation is necessary to treat osteomalacia effectively.

Question 7

The nurse administers calcium intravenously (IV) to the client. What will a key assessment by the nurse include?&#10;A) Assess the serum glucose levels.&#10;B) Assess the intravenous (IV) site.&#10;C) Assess the serum potassium levels.&#10;D) Assess for peripheral edema.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should assess the intravenous (IV) site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis, as calcium can be irritating to the veins and may cause complications if not monitored properly.

Question 8

Which sign is common with hypocalcemia?&#10;A) Bruising&#10;B) Hypertension&#10;C) Muscle wasting&#10;D) Muscle spasms

Accepted Answer

Muscle spasms are a common sign of hypocalcemia due to increased neuromuscular excitability.

Question 9

An important function of calcium is to&#10;A) regulate acid-base balance.&#10;B) improve glucose absorption.&#10;C) increase energy.&#10;D) regulate nerve transmission.

Accepted Answer

Calcium plays a crucial role in nerve transmission by facilitating the release of neurotransmitters at synapses.

Question 10

The client receives alendronate (Fosamax) as treatment for osteoporosis. The nurse has completed medication education and evaluates learning has occurred when the client makes which statements? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;I cannot lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Milk will help with the absorption of this medication.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I should call my doctor if I experience heartburn.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I must take this with a full glass of water.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;The medication can be taken with or without food.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Alendronate should be taken with a full glass of water, and the patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation. Heartburn can be a side effect that should be reported to a doctor. Milk and food can interfere with absorption, so they should be avoided when taking the medication.

Question 11

The client receives alendronate (Fosamax) as treatment for osteoporosis. Which symptoms, caused by an adverse effect of the medication, does the nurse teach should be reported to the physician?&#10;A) Ringing of the ears&#10;B) Hot and dry skin&#10;C) Vision changes and photophobia&#10;D) Muscle spasms and facial twitching

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client receives alendronate (Fosamax) as treatment...

Question 12

The nurse assesses the client might be experiencing toxicity from colchicine. Which statement by the client would most likely confirm the nurse's suspicion?&#10;A) &#34;My joints hurt more.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I have nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain every day.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I don't see as well as I used to, and my taste has changed.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I wake up at night with muscle cramps.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse assesses the client might be...

Question 13

The nurse has taught the client with osteoporosis about how to manage the illness. Which statement by the client indicates that additional teaching is necessary?&#10;A) &#34;I will avoid drinking alcohol.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I will walk for 30 minutes every day.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I will take my calcium at bedtime.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I will drink milk regularly.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse has taught the client with...

Question 14

The client's calcium level is low. What will be the nurse's primary concern?&#10;A) Seizures&#10;B) Bone fractures&#10;C) Hypoglycemia&#10;D) Depression

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client's calcium level is low. What...

Question 15

The client has arthritis and has just learned that she is pregnant. What is the best instruction by the nurse?&#10;A) Avoid using heat on the joint.&#10;B) Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) is the best medication for you.&#10;C) You could try splinting for discomfort.&#10;D) Glucocorticoids are considered safe during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client has arthritis and has just...

Question 16

The client receives hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil). Which test does the nurse tell the client should be done on a regular basis?&#10;A) Serum potassium&#10;B) Eye exams&#10;C) Serum glucose&#10;D) Blood pressure

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client receives hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil). Which...

Question 17

The client takes calcium supplements. What is the best instruction by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;This drug may cause insomnia.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Take your calcium with a meal.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;It does not matter if vitamin D is added.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Take them on an empty stomach.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client takes calcium supplements. What is...

Question 18

The client takes a bisphosphonate for osteoporosis. Which assessment is best in determining the effectiveness of the medication?&#10;A) Normal serum calcium levels&#10;B) Absence of fractures&#10;C) Bone density scan&#10;D) Absence of bone pain

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client takes a bisphosphonate for osteoporosis....

Question 19

The mechanism of action of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as raloxifene (Evista), is to&#10;A) increase calcium levels in the bone.&#10;B) slow bone resorption.&#10;C) inhibit synthesis of microtubules.&#10;D) increase bone mass and density.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mechanism of action of selective estrogen...

Question 20

A child has rickets and is being treated at the clinic. In addition to taking vitamin D as prescribed, what is the best information the nurse can provide?&#10;A) Avoid dairy products while taking vitamin D.&#10;B) Be sure to take brand name, not generic, vitamin D.&#10;C) Spend at least 20 minutes/day in the sunlight.&#10;D) Take your vitamin D on an empty stomach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child has rickets and is being...

Question 21

A client who has osteoporosis says, &#34;I am exercising more. I go to the gym once a week.&#34; How should the nurse respond? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;What kind of exercises are you doing?&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You should try to exercise three to five times a week.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;That is not enough.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Is there somewhere that you can walk on the days you don't go to the gym?&#34;&#10;E) &#34;Exercise will not improve your osteoporosis.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who has osteoporosis says, &#34;I...

Question 22

A nurse is presenting community education for a group of patients with osteoarthritis. The nurse gives which information regarding the goals of pharmacotherapy for osteoarthritis? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;Medications for osteoarthritis help to prevent development of rheumatoid arthritis.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Medications are given to help reduce the pain of osteoarthritis.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Some of the medications for osteoarthritis focus on reducing inflammation.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;We can give medications to prevent the development of osteoarthritis.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;Antibiotics are given to treat common infections caused by osteoarthritis.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is presenting community education for...

Question 23

A client states, &#34;I stopped taking my medications for osteoporosis. I couldn't see how they were helping me any.&#34; How should the nurse respond? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;The results from these medications are hard for you to see.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;It takes about 6 months to see any results.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;When did you stop taking the medications?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Were there any other reasons that you decided to discontinue the medications?&#34;&#10;E) &#34;You are not helping us help you when you don't follow directions.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client states, &#34;I stopped taking my...

Question 24

A client has been prescribed denosumab (Prolia). What medication education should the nurse provide? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;I will give your medication in the form of an injection.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You may feel more fatigued than usual when taking this drug.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Be certain to keep your appointments for follow-up.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Do not take any kind of calcium supplement or vitamin D supplement while taking this drug.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;We must monitor your cholesterol while you are taking this drug.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client has been prescribed denosumab (Prolia)....

Question 25

A client is receiving therapy for gout. Which information should the nurse provide? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;You should not drink alcohol.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You should increase intake of fatty fish like salmon and sardines.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Take a vitamin C supplement while on your medication for gout.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Increase your fluid intake to 2 to 4 liters each day.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;If your joint pain does not improve, let us know.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is receiving therapy for gout....

Question 26

A patient calls the clinic to report severe exacerbation of gout. The patient says, &#34;My probenecid (Probalan) is not helping.&#34; The nurse would consider which information before responding?&#10;A) The patient is confused on the drug name as probenecid (Probalan) is administered intravenously.&#10;B) The patient will not have relief of pain until probenecid (Probalan) levels are increased, which takes at least 48 hours.&#10;C) Probenecid (Probalan) is not used to treat acute attacks of gout.&#10;D) The patient should take the probenecid (Prolan) with an acidic drink like orange juice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient calls the clinic to report...

Question 27

A patient has been prescribed a bisphosphonate for treatment of osteoporosis. The nurse prioritizes teaching about immediately reporting which finding?&#10;A) New onset thigh pain&#10;B) Nausea&#10;C) Headache&#10;D) Dry, itchy skin

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has been prescribed a bisphosphonate...

Question 28

During a medication history, the client states, &#34;I take the calcium supplement called calcitriol.&#34; How should the nurse respond to this statement? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;Calcitriol is a vitamin D supplement.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;What other medications do you take?&#34;&#10;C) &#34;You don't understand the medications you are taking.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Do you also take a vitamin D supplement?&#34;&#10;E) &#34;Do you take the prescription strength or over-the-counter?&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a medication history, the client states,...

Question 29

A patient reports having &#34;arthritis.&#34; The nurse would determine that the patient's arthritis is rheumatoid arthritis if which findings are reported by history? &#10;&#10;A) Joint pain&#10;B) Frequent fever&#10;C) Pulmonary disease&#10;D) Pericarditis&#10;E) Inflammation in joints

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient reports having &#34;arthritis.&#34; The nurse...

Question 30

A patient has been prescribed a bisphosphonate for treatment of osteoporosis. The nurse evaluates that additional teaching is required if the patient makes which statement? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;It will take at least 5 years for the maximum effect of this drug to happen.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;If I stop taking this drug, all of the bone density improvement will rapidly disappear.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I still need to eat foods high in calcium.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I should spend 15 to 20 minutes in the sun on most days.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;The medication I took to correct my vitamin D deficiency was in preparation for this new treatment.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has been prescribed a bisphosphonate...

Deck 48: Drugs for Bone and Joint Disorders