Question 1

The patient has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. What is the best medication education the nurse gives to the patient's husband?&#10;A) &#34;The medication may help her symptoms for a little while.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;The medication has serious side effects if used for a long time.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Her symptoms will improve as long as she takes the medication.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Her symptoms should begin improving in a few days.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The medication for Alzheimer's disease, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, may help manage symptoms temporarily but does not cure the disease or stop its progression.

Question 2

The nurse plans care for a patient with Parkinson's disease. What will the best plan by the nurse include?&#10;A) Monitor the patient for the ability to chew and swallow.&#10;B) Check peripheral circulation for thrombophlebitis.&#10;C) Monitor the patient for psychotic symptoms.&#10;D) Limit exercise to decrease the possibility of fractures.

Accepted Answer

Patients with Parkinson's disease often have difficulty with chewing and swallowing due to muscle rigidity and tremors, so monitoring these abilities is crucial to prevent aspiration and ensure adequate nutrition.

Question 3

Which statement best explains why structural changes occur within the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease?&#10;A) Increased acetylcholine levels&#10;B) Increases in blood pressure and cholesterol levels&#10;C) Chronic inflammation and oxidative cellular damage&#10;D) Cerebral bleeding and associated hypoxia

Accepted Answer

Chronic inflammation and oxidative cellular damage are key factors in the development of Alzheimer's disease, leading to structural changes in the brain.

Question 4

Heat sensitivity, spascity, and visual impairment are symptoms most likely associated with which disorder?&#10;A) Parkinson's disease&#10;B) Multiple sclerosis (MS)&#10;C) Alzheimer's disease (AD)&#10;D) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder that affects the central nervous system and can lead to symptoms such as heat sensitivity, spasticity, and visual impairment due to the damage to the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers.

Question 5

The nurse plans to teach a class about Alzheimer's disease to a caregiver's support group. What will the best plan by the nurse include? &#10;&#10;A) Depression and aggressive behavior are common with the disease.&#10;B) Alzheimer's disease accounts for about 50% of all dementias.&#10;C) Glutamergic inhibitors are the most common class of drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease.&#10;D) Chronic inflammation of the brain may be a cause of the disease.&#10;E) Memory difficulties are an early symptom of the disease.

Accepted Answer

Depression and aggressive behavior are common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Chronic inflammation of the brain is considered a potential cause of Alzheimer's. Memory difficulties are typically one of the early symptoms of the disease.

Question 6

The patient receives levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet). What will the best teaching by the nurse include as relates to this medication?&#10;A) Avoid drinking caffeinated beverages.&#10;B) Take the medication with meals.&#10;C) Take the medication on an empty stomach.&#10;D) Take the medication with a protein food.

Accepted Answer

Levodopa is best absorbed on an empty stomach, as food, especially protein, can interfere with its absorption.

Question 7

The patient receives levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet). The nurse has completed medication education and determines that learning has occurred when the patient makes which statement?&#10;A) &#34;I need to increase my daily intake of protein.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I must increase the fiber in my diet.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I need to check my pulse before taking the medication.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I must avoid carbohydrates in my diet.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Increasing fiber in the diet can help manage constipation, a common side effect of levodopa-carbidopa therapy.

Question 8

Which degenerative disease of the central nervous system is the most common?&#10;A) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)&#10;B) Alzheimer's&#10;C) Multiple sclerosis (MS)&#10;D) Huntington's chorea

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease is the most common degenerative disease of the central nervous system, primarily affecting older adults and leading to dementia.

Question 9

The patient has multiple sclerosis and develops depression. What is the best education the nurse can give the patient's family?&#10;A) &#34;Anytime someone has a brain disease, depression will result.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Depression is very easy to treat with medications we have available.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;This is a common problem with chronic debilitating diseases but requires close monitoring.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;This is a result of the medications taken for control of symptoms.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Depression is common in patients with chronic debilitating diseases like multiple sclerosis, and it requires close monitoring and appropriate management.

Question 10

The patient receives trihexyphenidyl (Artane) for Parkinson's disease. Which assessment data will the nurse report to the physician?&#10;A) Dry mouth&#10;B) Anorexia&#10;C) Hypertension&#10;D) Urinary retention

Accepted Answer

Urinary retention is a significant side effect of trihexyphenidyl, an anticholinergic medication, and should be reported to the physician as it may require medical intervention.

Question 11

Which drug would most likely be an initial treatment for a patient with Alzheimer's disease?&#10;A) Levodopa (Larodopa)&#10;B) Haloperidol (Haldol)&#10;C) Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)&#10;D) Donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which drug would most likely be an...

Question 12

The nurse prepares to administer benztropine (Cogentin) to the patient. The nurse holds the dose and notifies the physician based on which assessment finding?&#10;A) A respiratory rate of 14&#10;B) A pulse of 112&#10;C) Blood pressure of 88/60 mmHg&#10;D) A temperature of 100.2&#176;F

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse prepares to administer benztropine (Cogentin)...

Question 13

The patient receives donepezil (Aricept) as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Which laboratory test(s) will the nurse primarily assess?&#10;A) Serum amylase levels&#10;B) Complete blood count&#10;C) Pulmonary function tests&#10;D) Liver function tests

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient receives donepezil (Aricept) as treatment...

Question 14

The patient receives aspirin, a multivitamin, and an antihistamine every day. What is the best instruction by the nurse prior to administering levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo)?&#10;A) &#34;You should not take the aspirin with your levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo).&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You should not take the antihistamine with your levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo).&#34;&#10;C) &#34;You should not take the multivitamin with your levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo).&#34;&#10;D) &#34;These medications are safe to take with levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo).&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient receives aspirin, a multivitamin, and...

Question 15

An older adult receives levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone (Stalevo). The nurse is primarily concerned about which problem with this patient?&#10;A) Hypertension&#10;B) Diarrhea&#10;C) Muscle twitching&#10;D) Dark urine

Accepted Answer

The answer of An older adult receives levodopa, carbidopa, and...

Question 16

From a pharmacology standpoint, which statement best explains why levodopa is superior to dopamine?&#10;A) It crosses the blood-brain barrier.&#10;B) It has fewer adverse effects.&#10;C) It has less risk for addiction.&#10;D) It can be administered orally.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From a pharmacology standpoint, which statement best...

Question 17

Several senior citizens have asked the nurse to do a presentation on degenerative diseases. What does the nurse plan to teach as the most common degenerative diseases? &#10;&#10;A) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis&#10;B) Multiple sclerosis&#10;C) Alzheimer's disease&#10;D) Huntington's chorea&#10;E) Parkinson's disease

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several senior citizens have asked the nurse...

Question 18

The nurse is teaching a class for caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the caregivers make which statement?&#10;A) &#34;Antianxiety drugs are not effective when the patient's anxiety is due to Alzheimer's disease.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;No new drugs are being developed for Alzheimer's disease.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Some health care providers think vitamin E and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications may help control Alzheimer's symptoms.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;All of the drugs used for Alzheimer's disease are from the same drug class..&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a class for...

Question 19

Pharmacotherapy for Parkinson's disease is intended to&#10;A) increase the amount of dopamine and reduce the amount of acetylcholine.&#10;B) increase the amount of dopamine and acetylcholine.&#10;C) reduce the amount of dopamine and increase the amount of acetylcholine.&#10;D) reduce the amount of dopamine and acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pharmacotherapy for Parkinson's disease is intended to&#10;A)...

Question 20

The patient is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The patient's wife asks the nurse how taking medicine will help her husband. What is the best response by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;The medications will help prevent muscle wasting in your husband.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;The medications will boost your husband's appetite and energy.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;The medications will balance serotonin and acetylcholine in your husband's brain.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;The medications will help your husband to eat and walk.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease....

Question 21

A patient who takes benztropine (Cogentin) has developed constipation. What treatment should the nurse recommend? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;Try drinking a glass of wine each evening.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Take docusate (Colace) every evening.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Increase your fluid intake.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Taking a walk each day may help.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;Stop taking your medication until your bowel function normalizes.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who takes benztropine (Cogentin) has...

Question 22

A nurse has provided medication education for a patient just diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The nurse would evaluate that this instruction is successful when the patient makes which statements? &#10;&#10;A) &#34;I guess I will have to give up eating my wife's banana pudding.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I should add some wheat germ to my breakfast cereal.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I should add olive oil to the salads I eat at noon each day.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I have to become a vegetarian.&#34;&#10;E) &#34;I will take my medication on an empty stomach.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse has provided medication education for...

Question 23

Which statement is the most accurate regarding acetylcholinesterase inhibitors when used for Alzheimer's disease?&#10;A) They reverse the structural damage within the brain.&#10;B) They increase synthesis of acetylcholine.&#10;C) They increase enzymatic breakdown, leading to increased neuronal production.&#10;D) They intensify the effect of acetylcholine at the receptor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is the most accurate regarding...

Question 24

What will the nurse include when teaching a caregivers' support group about Alzheimer's disease? &#10;&#10;A) Glutamergic inhibitors are the most common class of drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease.&#10;B) Depression and aggressive behavior are common with the disease.&#10;C) Memory difficulties are an early symptom of the disease.&#10;D) Chronic inflammation of the brain can be a cause of the disease.&#10;E) Pharmacologic therapies are given to help improve memory in Alzheimer's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What will the nurse include when teaching...

Question 25

A patient is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. What symptoms will the nurse most likely assess in this patient? &#10;&#10;A) Muscle weakness&#10;B) Difficulty maintaining balance&#10;C) Atrophy of the hands and legs&#10;D) Slow shuffling gait&#10;E) Progressive chorea

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is diagnosed with multiple sclerosis....

Question 26

A patient with Parkinson's disease is experiencing an increase in bradykinesia. What will the patient demonstrate with this manifestation? &#10;&#10;A) Slow speech&#10;B) Difficulty chewing&#10;C) Shuffling the feet when walking&#10;D) Stooped posture&#10;E) Lack of facial expression

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with Parkinson's disease is experiencing...

Question 27

The nurse observes a patient with Parkinson's disease having difficulty controlling hand movements. What did the nurse observe in this patient? &#10;&#10;A) Pill rolling&#10;B) Tremor&#10;C) Stooped posture&#10;D) Lack of arm swing&#10;E) Difficulty bending the arms

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse observes a patient with Parkinson's...

Question 28

The nurse providing medications to a patient with multiple sclerosis realizes that the goals of medication therapy for this patient include &#10;&#10;A) modifying the progression of the disease.&#10;B) treating acute exacerbations.&#10;C) managing symptoms.&#10;D) curing the disease.&#10;E) remyelinating nerve fibers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse providing medications to a patient...

Question 29

The nurse notes that a patient who has Parkinson's disease often has twitching of the eye and increased tremors when medications are being administered. The nurse discusses which changes in therapy with the provider?

A) Increasing the dose of medications
B) Changing the interval between doses of medication
C) Using a liquid form of the medication
D) Scheduling a drug holiday
E) Adding an adjunctive drug

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse notes that a patient who...

Question 30

A patient with progressive multiple sclerosis will be started on alemtuzumab (Lemtrada). The nurse should ensure which interventions are completed prior to initiating this therapy? &#10;&#10;A) A varicella zoster vaccination is scheduled.&#10;B) A complete blood count (CBC) has been drawn.&#10;C) A serum creatinine has been drawn.&#10;D) A skin exam has been completed.&#10;E) An indwelling urinary catheter is placed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with progressive multiple sclerosis will...

Deck 20: Drugs for Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System