Deck 10: Weight Management and Energy Balance

Question 1

Weight loss resulting from a low- carbohydrate diet is primarily due to

A) water loss.
B) protein loss.
C) fat loss.
D) None of the answers is correct.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The fat that is stored in the abdominal region is classified as

A) gynoid fat.
B) visceral fat.
C) central fat.
D) subcutaneous fat.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding dieting and/or weight- loss diets is incorrect?

A) Consuming modest portions of any food is beneficial.
B) Carbohydrates are the main cause for weight gain.
C) Such diets are designed to reduce caloric intake.
D) Americans spend more than $60 billion annually on weight- loss programs.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following surgeries reduces the functional volume of the stomach?

A) gastric banding
B) colectomy
C) liposuction
D) gastric bypass surgery

Question 5

Which of the following prescription weight- loss medications inhibits an intestinal enzyme needed for the breakdown of fat?

A) Belviq
B) Qsymia
C) Meridia
D) Xenical

Question 6

Which of the following hormones is both released when the stomach is distended and triggers the feeling of satiation?

A) cholecystokinin
B) insulin
C) glucagon
D) leptin

Question 7

What is the approximate TEF of a 260- calorie bagel?

A) 62 calories
B) 260 calories
C) 2.6 calories
D) 26 calories

Question 8

According to BMI, a woman who is 5 feet 6 inches tall and weighs 175 pounds is considered to be

A) of normal weight.
B) overweight.
C) underweight.
D) obese.

Question 9

Which of the following factors can lower an individual's basal metabolic rate?

A) caffeine or nicotine intake
B) starvation
C) epinephrine release during stress
D) large body size

Question 10

Which of the following hormones signals the brain to decrease in food intake?

A) leptin
B) thyroid hormone
C) cholecystokinin
D) ghrelin

Question 11

Binge eating disorder involves

A) abuse of laxatives.
B) side effects such as scar tissue on the knuckles.
C) abuse of diet pills.
D) recurrent episodes of bingeing without purging.

Question 12

Which of the following procedures is cosmetic and not a way to lose weight?

A) gastric bypass surgery
B) treatment with sibutramine
C) liposuction
D) gastric banding

Question 13

One of the easiest ways to assess whether you are at a healthy weight is to

A) compare yourself to your friends.
B) look in the mirror.
C) weigh yourself.
D) calculate your BMI.

Question 14

Which of the following conditions is not related to being overweight?

A) osteoarthritis
B) allergic reactions
C) type 2 diabetes
D) certain types of cancer

Question 15

Which of the following actions is not a diagnostic criterion of bulimia nervosa?

A) excessive caloric restriction
B) self- induced vomiting
C) abuse of laxatives or diuretics
D) excessive exercise

Question 16

Which of the following methods of assessing body fat percentage involves the use of a BodPod?

A) air displacement
B) underwater weighing
C) bioelectrical impedance
D) dual- energy X- ray absorptiometry

Question 17

Which of the following substances that increase satiety has the most dramatic effect?

A) sugar
B) artificial sweeteners
C) vitamins
D) protein

Question 18

Which of the following weight- loss medications has been prohibited by the FDA?

A) Belviq
B) supplements containing ephedra
C) orlistat
D) Qysmia

Question 19

Which of the following products has been proven to promote weight loss?

A) chitosan
B) guar gum
C) bitter orange
D) None of the answers is correct.

Question 20

Which of the following prescription weight- loss medications reduces hunger and increases thermogenesis?

A) Belviq
B) orlistat
C) sibutramine
D) Qsymia

Question 21

The factor that most affects an individual's BMR is the

A) degree of physical activity.
B) number of hours slept each night.
C) number of calories consumed.
D) individual's lean body mass.

Question 22

Which of the following surgeries involves the removal of subcutaneous fat?

A) gastric banding
B) gastric bypass
C) liposuction
D) valvuloplasty

Question 23

Which of the following statements describes the likely cause of suppressed appetite after gastric bypass surgery?

A) Bypassing the small intestine results in higher levels of leptin secretion.
B) The stomach produces lower levels of intrinsic factor.
C) The surgery renders foods unpalatable.
D) The loss of stomach area results in the production of lower levels of ghrelin.

Question 24

Which of the following statements correctly describes a factor that contributes to the growing obesity epidemic?

A) People now consume too many ready- to- eat foods prepared outside the home.
B) People have become less physically active.
C) Portion sizes have become too large.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Question 25

What is lanugo?

A) a common side effect of liposuction surgery
B) fine, downy hair that sometimes is associated with anorexia nervosa
C) a sudden drop in blood pressure resulting from excessive dieting
D) a supplement that claims to increase metabolism

Question 26

Which of the following hormones is produced in fat tissue and helps regulate body fat by signaling the brain to reduce food intake?

A) thyroid hormone
B) ghrelin
C) cholecystokinin
D) leptin

Question 27

A man who has a BMI of 20 is considered to be

A) at a healthy weight.
B) overweight.
C) underweight.
D) obese.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about eating disorders is incorrect?

A) The highest prevalence of eating disorders is among African- American women.
B) Among women of all ages, eating disorders are most prevalent in adolescents and young adults.
C) Eating disorders are psychological illnesses.
D) Over their lifetimes, about twice as many women as men struggle with eating disorders.

Question 29

Which of the following nutritious foods is the most energy dense?

A) 1 cup of mashed potatoes
B) 1 cup of granola
C) 1 tbsp of real mayonnaise
D) 1 oz cooked chicken breast

Question 30

Which of the following methods of assessing body fat percentage involves passing an electric current through the body?

A) bioelectrical impedance
B) underwater weighing
C) skinfold thickness measurements
D) dual- energy X- ray absorptiometry

Question 31

Which of the following activities expends the most calories per hour?

A) bicycling at less than 10 miles per hour
B) swimming slow freestyle laps
C) walking at 3.5 miles per hour
D) stretching

Question 32

Which of the following terms describes the sensation of having had enough to eat?

A) scarcity
B) anxiety
C) hunger
D) satiety

Question 33

Which of the following hormones is produced in the stomach and stimulates hunger?

A) ghrelin
B) cholecystokinin
C) thyroid hormone
D) leptin

Question 34

About 60 percent of an individual's daily energy needs is determined by

A) both the amount of physical activity and the thermic effect of food.
B) the amount of physical activity.
C) the thermic effect of food.
D) the individual's basal metabolic rate.

Question 35

What is the energy content of unsaturated fats?

A) 7 calories per gram
B) 4 calories per gram
C) 11 calories per gram
D) 9 calories per gram

Question 36

Which of the following hormones affects basal metabolic rate?

A) thyroid hormone
B) leptin
C) ghrelin
D) cholecystokinin

Question 37

Which of the following types of surgery involves stapling the majority of the stomach shut?

A) gastric bypass surgery
B) liposuction
C) gastric banding
D) hernia surgery

Question 38

Which of the following BMI values is considered to represent a healthy weight?

A) between 18.5 and 24.9
B) between 18.5 and 39.9
C) 18.4 and under
D) between 20 and 39.9

Question 39

The release of which of the following hormones is signaled when the stomach is distended?

A) thyroid hormone
B) cholecystokinin
C) ghrelin
D) leptin

Question 40

An individual who walks about 10,000 steps daily walks about how far each day?

A) 7 miles
B) 5 miles
C) 1 mile
D) 3 miles

Question 41

African Americans have BMRs that are about 10 percent lower than those of Caucasians.

Question 42

Self- starvation and excessive weight loss characterize the eating disorder called anorexia nervosa.

Question 43

To successfully maintain weight loss, people need to adjust their diet, engage in physical activity, and modify their behavior.

Question 44

Leptin is a hormone that is made in the stomach and increases hunger.

Question 45

In gastric banding, a silicone band is placed around the lower end of the stomach to greatly reduce emptying time.

Question 46

Abnormal and potentially harmful eating behaviors that do not meet the specific criteria for an eating disorder are categorized as disordered eating.

Question 47

Rapid weight loss during the first week of low- carbohydrate dieting is due to the loss of water and stored glycogen.

Question 48

The fiber in vegetables contributes to their bulk and their ability to prolong satiety.

Question 49

It is recommended that overweight individuals lose 4 to 7 pounds per week.

Question 50

A BMI of 30 is considered healthy.

Question 51

A person in negative energy balance can expect to lose weight.

Question 52

Underwater weighing as a method for calculating percentage of body fat is based on the fact that fat is less dense than muscle.

Question 53

Nonexercise- associated thermogenesis (NEAT) is the energy expenditure that occurs during fidgeting, standing, and chewing gum.

Question 54

Overweight individuals weigh 10 to 15 pounds more than their healthy weights.

Question 55

Purchasing a large bag of potato chips instead of a small bag doesn't usually change the amount you actually eat.

Question 56

Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of bingeing and purging.

Question 57

The fat that surrounds organs in the chest, stomach, and above the hips is called subcutaneous fat.

Question 58

About 20 percent of your daily energy needs is determined by your BMR.

Question 59

Each gram of glycogen removed from storage in the liver also causes the loss of 5 grams of water.

Question 60

Taking 10,000 steps is the equivalent of walking 7 miles.

Question 61

Deciding to begin eating breakfast and to skip a snack before lunch is an example of behavior modification.

Question 62

Eating low- volume, high- calorie foods helps in weight management.

Question 63

A woman with a hip circumference of more than 35 inches is at a higher risk for certain diseases than a woman with slimmer hips.

Question 64

Individuals who undergo gastric bypass surgery can experience nutrient deficiencies due to reduced absorption of nutrients.

Question 65

To be absorbed, vitamin B12 needs extrinsic factor from the stomach, which is missing after gastric bypass surgery.

Question 66

Over time, positive energy balance leads to weight loss.

Question 67

Dining at home is associated with a higher BMI.

Question 68

The basal metabolism rate (BMR) is the amount of energy the body expends to meet its basic physiological needs.

Question 69

The difference between the numbers of calories needed to maintain weight before and after weight loss is known as the energy gap.

Question 70

Body mass index (BMI) is a calculation of your weight in relationship to your age.

Question 71

Cholecystokinin is a hormone released when the stomach is distended.

Question 72

The basal metabolism rate (BMR) decreases about 1 to 2 percent per decade for adults.

Question 73

A BodPod measures air displacement as a method of estimating BMI.

Question 74

The fat located under the skin is called visceral fat.

Question 75

An environment characterized by cheap and easily obtainable food may be one of the biggest culprits in the current obesity epidemic.

Question 76

Techniques that focus on changing the eating patterns that contribute to weight gain or impede weight loss are referred to as behavior modification techniques.

Question 77

Storing too much subcutaneous fat is more likely to lead to health problems than storing too much visceral fat.

Question 78

A person needs an energy deficit of approximately 3,500 calories over time to lose one pound of fat.

Question 79

Hormone fluctuations before a woman ovulates tend to increase her BMR.

Question 80

Cellulite is a type of fat that is distinctly different from other fat within the body.