Deck 11: Leadership and Trust

Question 1

The managerial grid developed by Blake and Mouton says that the best leadership style is

A)9,9.
B)5,5.
C)1,9.
D)9,1.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to House, a leader that sets challenging goals and expects employees to perform at their highest level is using which of the following leadership styles?

A)supportive
B)participative
C)directive
D)achievement- oriented

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to Hersey and Blanchard, a low task- high relationship situation (S4)would require the ________ leadership style.

A)selling
B)supporting
C)delegating
D)telling

Answer 3

supporting

Question 4

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.
If Patrick delineates which "what, how, and why" work should be performed, he would be focusing mainly on

A)creating task structure.
B)providing supportive relationships.
C)providing direction.
D)dealing with transactions.

Question 5

________ leaders actively try to solicit the opinions and input of subordinates before making decisions?

A)Directive
B)Laissez- faire
C)Situational
D)Democratic

Question 6

The key properties of a(n)________ seem to be inspirational possibilities that are value centered, realizable, and have superior imagery and articulation.

A)trust
B)setting
C)vision
D)identification

Question 7

________ leaders are perceived as agents of radical change rather than as caretakers of the status quo.

A)Environmental
B)Charismatic
C)Situational
D)Readiness

Question 8

Application of Path- Goal Theory
Harry knows that there are a variety of differing ways to effectively lead. However, he would like to be more effective at his job as well as helping his first- line managers also be effective leaders. As he thinks about his first- line managers, he realizes that they all demonstrate a wide variety of leadership styles. Jennie lets her employees know exactly what is expected of them and gives specific guidelines on how tasks are to be accomplished. Jack, on the other hand, always solicits employee information and suggestions before making a decision. Kate expects so much from her employees. She sets challenging goals and expects her employees to reach those goals. Then, there is Frank who is always outgoing and friendly, endlessly concerned with his employees and their welfare. Harry decides to use House's path- goal theory to analyze his current situation.
Which of the following leadership styles does Jack use?

A)achievement- oriented
B)participative
C)directive
D)supportive

Question 9

Men tend to use a more________ leadership style.

A)interpersonal- centered
B)task- centered
C)employee- centered
D)charisma- centered

Question 10

All except which of the following differentiate charismatic leaders from noncharismatic leaders?

A)a vision
B)consistency and focus
C)behavior that is ordinary
D)ability to communicate the vision

Question 11

According to Fiedler's LPC Theory,

A)leadership style depends on a set of traits.
B)leadership style is flexible.
C)leadership style is fixed.
D)leadership style changes because of the situation.

Question 12

A leader who involves employees in decision- making, delegates authority, and gathers input from employees, but makes the final decision his/herself is using the________ style of leadership.

A)democratic- participative
B)autocratic
C)laissez- faire
D)democratic- consultative

Question 13

According to Hersey and Blanchard, a high task- low relationship situation (S2)would require the ________ leadership style.

A)delegating
B)selling
C)directing
D)participating

Question 14

Fiedler's LPC questionnaire purports to measure the leader's behavioral orientation as either_________ or________ .

A)employee- oriented; production- oriented
B)initiating consideration; initiating structure
C)task- oriented; relationship- oriented
D)delegating; participating

Question 15

The dimension of trust termed________ refers to willingness to protect and save face for a person.

A)integrity
B)openness
C)competence
D)loyalty

Question 16

________ is a positive expectation that another will not act opportunistically.

A)Integrity
B)Loyalty
C)Trust
D)Followership

Question 17

Leaders who guide or motivate their followers toward established goals by clarifying role and task requirements are using________ leadership.

A)charismatic
B)autocratic
C)transactional
D)transformational

Question 18

According to Tannenbaum and Schmidt, which leadership style will be most effective in the long run?

A)laissez- faire
B)autocratic
C)situational
D)democratic

Question 19

Application of Path- Goal Theory
Harry knows that there are a variety of differing ways to effectively lead. However, he would like to be more effective at his job as well as helping his first- line managers also be effective leaders. As he thinks about his first- line managers, he realizes that they all demonstrate a wide variety of leadership styles. Jennie lets her employees know exactly what is expected of them and gives specific guidelines on how tasks are to be accomplished. Jack, on the other hand, always solicits employee information and suggestions before making a decision. Kate expects so much from her employees. She sets challenging goals and expects her employees to reach those goals. Then, there is Frank who is always outgoing and friendly, endlessly concerned with his employees and their welfare. Harry decides to use House's path- goal theory to analyze his current situation.


-Kate demonstrates which leadership style?

A)directive
B)participative
C)supportive
D)achievement- oriented

Question 20

Leaders who revitalize organizations by instilling a vision and deep sense of commitment in their followers are referred to as what type of leaders?

A)transformational
B)directive
C)transactional
D)supportive

Question 21

________ , as defined by Hersey and Blanchard, refers to the extent to which followers have the ability and the willingness to accomplish a specific task.

A)Training
B)Readiness
C)Motivation
D)Preparedness

Question 22

The ________ model of leadership behavior proposes that a leader should adjust his or her leadership style in accordance with the readiness of followers.

A)situational leadership
B)Fiedler's contingency
C)path- goal
D)leader- participation

Question 23

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.
After reading about Blake and Mouton's theory, Patrick scored 5,5 on the managerial grid. This would indicate that Patrick's style was

A)a country club manager.
B)a middle of the road manager.
C)high on both consideration and initiation of structure.
D)low on concern for task but high on concern for people.

Question 24

Knowledge based trust relies on ________ rather than ________ .

A)deterrence; information
B)information; deterrence
C)identification; deterrence
D)none of the above

Question 25

A leader who emphasizes the technical aspects of the job and is concerned with accomplishing the group's tasks is said to be________ , according to the University of Michigan studies.

A)production- oriented
B)employee- oriented
C)initiating
D)considerate

Question 26

________ type of leaders provide vision and sense of mission, instill pride, and gain the respect and trust of their followers.

A)Transactional
B)Directive
C)Charismatic
D)Supportive

Question 27

When there is a mismatch between leader's style and the type of situation in which leaders find themselves, Fiedler suggests that leaders

A)change both their leader style and the situation.
B)change their style to fit the situation.
C)change subordinate expectations.
D)change the situation.

Question 28

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.

-Tannenbaum and Schmidt would advise Patrick to move toward more________ centered styles.

A)employee
B)production
C)goal
D)task

Question 29

The most critical characteristic in determining another's trustworthiness is

A)consistency.
B)competence.
C)integrity.
D)loyalty.

Question 30

A model or theory of leadership that focuses on how leaders influence subordinates' perceptions of work goals and the path to achieve those goals is referred to as

A)Vroom- Yetton Model.
B)path- goal theory.
C)Fiedler's model.
D)situational leadership theory.

Question 31

The________ type of leader generally does not generate much emotion, passion or excitement among his or her followers.

A)transformational
B)participative
C)transactional
D)charismatic Heroic

Question 32

________ isolate characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders.

A)Transactional theories
B)Behavioral theories
C)Contingency theories
D)Trait theories

Question 33

________ is/are not one of the situational factors thought to influence the relationship between leader behavior and subordinate motivation to perform in the path- goal theory.

A)Task structure
B)Subordinate locus of control
C)Preferences of the leader
D)Characteristics of the work group

Question 34

Which of the following are the leadership styles described in House's path- goal theory?

A)autocratic, consultative, paternalistic, and participative
B)participative, directive, achievement- oriented, and supportive
C)directive, autocratic, bureaucratic, and supportive
D)supportive, bureaucratic, participative, and consultative

Question 35

The behavioral dimension of leadership involving the concern that the leader has for the feelings, needs, personal interest, problems, and well being of followers is referred to as

A)democratic.
B)initiating structure.
C)consideration.
D)autocratic.

Question 36

According to House's path- goal theory, a(n)________ leader is one who establishes expectations for followers, determines targets to attain, organizes tasks, sets deadlines and schedules, and closely monitors their progress.

A)directive leader
B)achievement- oriented leader
C)supportive leader
D)participative leader

Question 37

Janice is a friendly and outgoing manager who constantly shows concerns for the needs of her employees. According to House, she is demonstrating which type of leadership style?

A)directive
B)participative
C)achievement- oriented
D)supportive

Question 38

What is the basic assumption of situational approaches to leadership?

A)Increasing worker job satisfaction through consideration behavior will get leaders the best results.
B)The appropriate leadership style varies from one set of circumstances to another.
C)Initiating structure for employees by telling them what to do and how to do it is the most effective way to lead.
D)Effective leaders possess certain traits that are situation specific.

Question 39

According to path- goal theory, a leader's behavior is motivational to the degree that it makes employees' needs satisfaction contingent on effective performance and providing the coaching, guidance, support, and________ that are necessary for effective performance.

A)environmental factors
B)behaviors
C)sanctions
D)rewards

Question 40

Which of the following is not one of Hersey and Blanchard's stages in follower readiness?

A)A follower is both able and willing to do the job.
B)A follower is unable to do a job.
C)A follower is both unable and unwilling to do a job.
D)A follower is unable to do the job but willing to perform the task.

Question 41

Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self- interests for the good of the organization, and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on followers are________ leaders.

A)democratic
B)transactional
C)autocratic
D)transformational

Question 42

Blake and Mouton's managerial grid identifies the ________ style as characterized by a belief that efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree.

A)1,9
B)9,1
C)5,5
D)1,1

Question 43

Application of Hershey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)
Eric has a wide variety of employees he is trying to lead. Everything from age to experience to enthusiasm varies. Some employees need a lot of direction, and just the other day he upset one of the older, experienced workers, Hazel, by trying to help too much. After all, she probably did know the job better than he did, and she was a very willing and capable worker. She had worked at her job for 20 years. Yet he was only trying to be helpful, and he was trying to compensate for the day before when he had not told Joe enough. Joe was a new employee, very enthusiastic, but very little experience. Joe needed the roles defined and specific information on how to do some tasks. Hank, on the other hand, likes to share in decision- making, and Eric's main role is that of communication and facilitation. Eric has chosen to apply Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory.

-By now Eric is beginning to see that when followers are________ ; he does not need to do much.

A)able and willing
B)well trained
C)motivated
D)task oriented

Question 44

Jake always consults with his employees and uses their suggestions before making a decision. According to House, he is demonstrating which type of leadership style?

A)directive
B)achievement- oriented
C)supportive
D)participative

Question 45

Which of the following is included in the set of employee contingency factors identified in path- goal theory?

A)locus of control
B)work group
C)formal authority system
D)task structure

Question 46

According to the leader- participation model,

A)leaders should adjust their style to the situation.
B)employees should participate in management.
C)leaders should use group decision making whenever possible.
D)increased participation results in lower productivity.

Question 47

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.
If Patrick chooses the first option in which he centralizes authority and dictates work methods, which leadership style will he be using?

A)autocratic
B)laissez- faire
C)democratic- participative
D)democratic- consultative

Question 48

All of the following are theories that attempted to isolate key situational variables in order to understand leadership success except

A)the Ohio State Studies.
B)path- goal theory.
C)Hersey and Blanchard's model.
D)the Fiedler model.

Question 49

Lewin found that work quality and group satisfaction were highest using which leadership style?

A)autocratic
B)laissez- faire
C)dictatorial
D)democratic

Question 50

The________ leadership model is a combination of the trait and leader behavior approaches, with the addition of a situational element.

A)Vroom- Yetton
B)Blake and Mouton Management Grid
C)Fiedler's LPC model
D)Path- goal theory

Question 51

________ leaders are also charismatic.

A)Transformational
B)Directive
C)Democratic- participative
D)Transactional

Question 52

According to House's path- goal theory a(n)________ leader is one who actively seeks subordinate and group suggestions and opinions when making decisions that affect them.

A)directive leader
B)achievement- oriented leader
C)supportive leader
D)participative leader

Question 53

The leader that is most likely to contribute by asking penetration questions, helping the team talk through problems, and getting needed resources from external constituencies is known as the ________ leader.

A)conflict
B)troubleshooters
C)liaison
D)coach

Question 54

Great leaders demonstrate their EI by exhibiting five key components. Which is not one of these components?

A)self- motivation
B)opportunist
C)social skills
D)self- awareness

Question 55

The highest level of trust is

A)knowledge- based.
B)individual- based.
C)deterrence- based.
D)identification- based.

Question 56

Using Blake and Mouton's managerial grid, the most effective leader exhibits

A)charismatic skills.
B)an autocratic style.
C)both consideration and initiating structure.
D)consideration.

Question 57

The Blake and Mouton managerial grid is a part of which group of approaches?

A)situation
B)transformational
C)trait
D)behavioral

Question 58

What score does Fiedler use to determine leader style?

A)task structure
B)least- preferred coworker
C)leader position power
D)managerial grid

Question 59

The________ style of leadership behavior can be further classified in two ways: consultative and participative.

A)laissez- faire
B)democratic
C)autocratic
D)delegative

Question 60

The________ is/are based on "concern for people" and "concern for production."

A)University of Michigan studies
B)managerial grid
C)path- goal theory
D)University of Iowa studies

Question 61

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.

-If Patrick chooses to ask his employees their opinion as a group and then make the decision for his group he is demonstrating Vroom's________ style of decision making.

A)delegation
B)participative
C)autocratic
D)consultative

Question 62

According to Hersey and Blanchard, which leadership style would probably work best with Joe?

A)participating
B)selling
C)telling
D)delegating

Question 63

According to the University of Michigan studies, leaders who were________ were associated with higher group productivity and higher job satisfaction.

A)initiating
B)production- oriented
C)employee- oriented
D)considerate

Question 64

Application of Path- Goal Theory
Harry knows that there are a variety of differing ways to effectively lead. However, he would like to be more effective at his job as well as helping his first- line managers also be effective leaders. As he thinks about his first- line managers, he realizes that they all demonstrate a wide variety of leadership styles. Jennie lets her employees know exactly what is expected of them and gives specific guidelines on how tasks are to be accomplished. Jack, on the other hand, always solicits employee information and suggestions before making a decision. Kate expects so much from her employees. She sets challenging goals and expects her employees to reach those goals. Then, there is Frank who is always outgoing and friendly, endlessly concerned with his employees and their welfare. Harry decides to use House's path- goal theory to analyze his current situation.
If Harry follows the path- goal theory, which of the following could he do to help his first- line supervisors?

A)Compensate for shortcomings in the supervisors.
B)Explain the task even if he thinks the supervisors understand.
C)Compensate for shortcomings in the supervisors and the work setting.
D)Compensate for shortcomings in the work setting.

Question 65

Application of Hershey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)
Eric has a wide variety of employees he is trying to lead. Everything from age to experience to enthusiasm varies. Some employees need a lot of direction, and just the other day he upset one of the older, experienced workers, Hazel, by trying to help too much. After all, she probably did know the job better than he did, and she was a very willing and capable worker. She had worked at her job for 20 years. Yet he was only trying to be helpful, and he was trying to compensate for the day before when he had not told Joe enough. Joe was a new employee, very enthusiastic, but very little experience. Joe needed the roles defined and specific information on how to do some tasks. Hank, on the other hand, likes to share in decision- making, and Eric's main role is that of communication and facilitation. Eric has chosen to apply Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership theory.
According to Hersey and Blanchard, which leadership style would probably work best with Hazel?

A)delegating
B)participating
C)telling
D)selling

Question 66

________ leaders usually make decisions on their own and announce them to their direct reports.

A)Participative
B)Democratic
C)Autocratic
D)Charismatic

Question 67

________ is a situational leadership model.

A)Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid
B)Transformational leadership
C)The trait approach
D)The path- goal theory

Question 68

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.
Which leadership style will work for Patrick in either very favorable or very unfavorable situations?

A)democratic
B)transactional
C)relationship oriented
D)directive

Question 69

What is one thing that new team leaders generally do not do?

A)Retain too much control.
B)Abandon their team.
C)Know the right time to intercede.
D)Give too much autonomy to team members.

Question 70

Which of the following is generally not true about a manager?

A)His or her influence is based on formal authority or position.
B)He or she has legitimate power.
C)He or she is appointed.
D)He or she emerges from a group.

Question 71

In an organizational context, most manager- employee relationships are

A)identification- based.
B)individual- based.
C)deterrence- based.
D)knowledge- based.

Question 72

Fiedler's LPC theory states that task oriented leaders are more effective in situations that are either

A)moderately favorable or highly unfavorable.
B)moderately favorable.
C)highly favorable or highly unfavorable.
D)highly complex.

Question 73

Application of Path- Goal Theory
Harry knows that there are a variety of differing ways to effectively lead. However, he would like to be more effective at his job as well as helping his first- line managers also be effective leaders. As he thinks about his first- line managers, he realizes that they all demonstrate a wide variety of leadership styles. Jennie lets her employees know exactly what is expected of them and gives specific guidelines on how tasks are to be accomplished. Jack, on the other hand, always solicits employee information and suggestions before making a decision. Kate expects so much from her employees. She sets challenging goals and expects her employees to reach those goals. Then, there is Frank who is always outgoing and friendly, endlessly concerned with his employees and their welfare. Harry decides to use House's path- goal theory to analyze his current situation.

-This theory proposes that leader behavior will be ineffective when it is redundant to sources of or ________ incongruent with ________ .

A)environmental structure; subordinate characteristics
B)leadership; mind sets
C)environmental structure; company policy
D)subordinate characteristics; environmental structure

Question 74

A leader who involves employees in decision making, delegates authority, and allows the employees to have direct input into the final decision, with the leader serving as only one input from the group is using the ________ style of leadership.

A)autocratic
B)democratic- consultative
C)democratic- participative
D)laissez- faire

Question 75

If________ were correct, we could train people to be leaders.

A)behavioral theories
B)transactional theories
C)contingency theories
D)trait theories

Question 76

According to Lewin, quantity of work accomplished was equal using which two types of leadership styles?

A)laissez- faire and democratic
B)laissez- fair and autocratic
C)dictatorial and autocratic
D)democratic and autocratic

Question 77

In the managerial grid, the________ style is also termed "impoverished management."

A)9,1
B)5,5
C)1,1
D)1,9

Question 78

Identification of Leadership Behaviors
Patrick has just been hired in a management/leadership position for Trion's Inc. It should prove a challenging position due to the fact the Board of Directors wants to see the profit margin back to 5% in 18 months or less. Things have not been going well at Trion's Inc. Patrick wonders which leadership style will be more effective in order to accomplish the tasks that need to be done? He does not have much time so maybe he should centralize authority, dictate work methods, and make the decisions, at least for a while. However, that really is not the method Patrick prefers. He would rather involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, and encourage participation in decision- making, but make the final decision himself.
From what he has observed, the last leadership style that was used with the group of employees was to allow employees to do whatever they wanted, giving them complete freedom to make decisions. The only input from the leader was to supply necessary materials and answer questions.
Which leadership style are the employees accustomed to?

A)democratic- participative
B)democratic- consultative
C)laissez- faire
D)autocratic

Question 79

Application of Path- Goal Theory
Harry knows that there are a variety of differing ways to effectively lead. However, he would like to be more effective at his job as well as helping his first- line managers also be effective leaders. As he thinks about his first- line managers, he realizes that they all demonstrate a wide variety of leadership styles. Jennie lets her employees know exactly what is expected of them and gives specific guidelines on how tasks are to be accomplished. Jack, on the other hand, always solicits employee information and suggestions before making a decision. Kate expects so much from her employees. She sets challenging goals and expects her employees to reach those goals. Then, there is Frank who is always outgoing and friendly, endlessly concerned with his employees and their welfare. Harry decides to use House's path- goal theory to analyze his current situation.

-Frank uses the ________ leadership style.

A)achievement- oriented
B)directive
C)participative
D)supportive

Question 80

In moderately favorable situations, according to Fiedler which leader performs better?

A)production oriented
B)position oriented
C)structure oriented
D)relationship oriented