Deck 1: Introduction to Anatomy Physiology

Question 1

Which organ system produces movement and generates heat?

A) skeletal system
B) digestive system
C) endocrine system
D) muscular system

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In laboratory, you will study tissues. This area of study is known as:

A) cytology.
B) gross anatomy.
C) physiology.
D) histology.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What is a good way to manage time in preparation for your anatomy and physiology class?

A) I study only on the weekends when I have many hours of free time.
B) I should stay up all night the night before the test to maximize what is stored in short ^-term memory.
C) I should delay studying until the day or two before the test to best remember the material.
D) I make a schedule and budget my time.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

How could you use the Learning Outcomes in this book to help you study?

A) Read through the Learning Outcomes after you have completed a section.
B) Write down the answers to the Learning Outcomes.
C) Rewrite each Learning Outcome in your notes.
D) Recite the Learning Outcomes until you have them memorized.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence, from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?

A) chemical level, tissue level, cellular level, organ system level, organ level, organismal level
B) cellular level, tissue level, chemical level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
C) cellular level, chemical level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level
D) chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level

Question 6

In laboratory, you will study the overall structure and shape of the femur bone without the aid of a microscope. This is a study known as:

A) microscopic anatomy.
B) systemic anatomy.
C) regional anatomy.
D) gross anatomy.

Question 7

Which organ system includes blood vessels and the heart?

A) lymphatic system
B) endocrine system
C) respiratory system
D) cardiovascular system

Question 8

What is a major function of the respiratory system?

A) digest food and absorb nutrients into the blood
B) deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body
C) return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system
D) produce vitamin D and retain water

Question 9

What does the SQ3R method stand for?

A) share, quiz, query, question, and read
B) search, quiet, research, read, and remember
C) survey, question, read, recite, and review
D) sort, query, read, recite, and review

Question 10

What type of learner performs best with study groups?

A) any type of visual learner
B) visual/nonverbal learner
C) visual/verbal learner
D) tactile/kinesthetic learner

Question 11

What is the smallest level of structural organization in the human body?

A) chemical level
B) tissue level
C) organ level
D) cellular level

Question 12

Sierra says she learns more from reading the textbook for class than from sitting in lecture. She must be a(n):

A) visual/nonverbal learner.
B) tactile/kinesthetic learner.
C) visual/verbal learner.
D) auditory/verbal learner.

Question 13

What characteristic of life involves the removal of waste products that result from metabolic processes?

A) irritability
B) reproduction
C) excretion
D) growth

Question 14

Which learner thrives in an environment with a practical ^-based laboratory or hands ^-on activities?

A) auditory/verbal
B) visual/nonverbal
C) visual/verbal
D) tactile/kinesthetic

Question 15

Which of the following is the most complex structural level of organization?

A) organ level
B) cellular level
C) chemical level
D) tissue level

Question 16

What is a good strategy for class or laboratory preparation?

A) Only read after you have attended class or laboratory.
B) Read and prepare notes before attending your class or laboratory.
C) Avoid reading before class as you may get confused.
D) Focus on reading your materials on the weekends when you have hours to spend.

Question 17

Why should a student use the SQ3R method?

A) The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for taking notes during lecture class.
B) The SQ3R method provides a plan for a student to improve textbook reading skills.
C) The SQ3R method provides a student with a strategy for improving test taking skills.
D) The SQ3R method provides a student with ways to improve time management skills.

Question 18

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing:

A) down.
B) forward.
C) to the side.
D) backward.

Question 19

Jesse felt comfortable using the microscope after listening to directions from his lab professor. His learning style preference must be:

A) visual/nonverbal learner.
B) auditory/verbal learner.
C) visual/verbal learner.
D) tactile/kinesthetic learner.

Question 20

Which two organ systems include the pancreas as a component?

A) digestive and urinary systems
B) endocrine and lymphatic systems
C) respiratory and cardiovascular systems
D) digestive and endocrine systems

Question 21

Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The elbow is ________ to the wrist.

A) superficial
B) proximal
C) inferior (caudal)
D) distal

Question 22

What best describes the directional term proximal?

A) toward the head
B) closer to the midline of the body
C) toward the front
D) closer to the point of origin

Question 23

On which body surface is the sural region?

A) anterior (ventral)
B) posterior (dorsal)
C) medial
D) superficial

Question 24

Which directional term indicates the front side of the body?

A) anterior (ventral)
B) posterior (dorsal)
C) superior (cranial)
D) medial

Question 25

What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity?

A) abdominal and pelvic cavities
B) pleural and pericardial cavities
C) cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities
D) thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Question 26

The vertebral region is superior to the:

A) sacral region.
B) cephalic region.
C) cervical region.
D) occipital region.

Question 27

In anatomical position, the palms are on the:

A) lateral surface.
B) posterior (dorsal) surface.
C) anterior (ventral) surface.
D) superior (cranial) surface.

Question 28

What major organs are housed in the thoracic cavity?

A) stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas
B) urinary bladder, reproductive organs
C) lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea
D) brain and spinal cord

Question 29

Which regions of the abdominopelvic cavity are situated medially?

A) right and left lumbar regions and the umbilical region
B) right and left hypochondriac regions, and the epigastric region
C) epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric regions
D) right hypochondriac, right lumbar, and right iliac (inguinal) regions

Question 30

The hand is also known as the:

A) plantar region.
B) acromial region.
C) pedal region.
D) manual region.

Question 31

A person in anatomical position is visualized to be:

A) laying down on his or her back.
B) sitting down.
C) laying down on the stomach.
D) standing upright.

Question 32

Dr. Mitchell performs open heart surgery. The incision he makes through the sternal region of his patient divides the thoracic cavity into equal left and right parts. This incision must be made along a:

A) transverse (horizontal) plane.
B) sagittal plane.
C) midsagittal (median) plane.
D) frontal (coronal) plane.

Question 33

Select the appropriate directional term to complete this sentence: The mouth is nose.

A) inferior (caudal)
B) posterior (dorsal)
C) distal
D) superior (cranial)

Question 34

A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides, palms facing forward, is in the:

A) anatomical position.
B) supine position.
C) frontal position.
D) sagittal position.

Question 35

The thoracic cavity is situated superior to the abdominopelvic cavity and separated by the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm creates a:

A) frontal (coronal) plane.
B) parasagittal plane.
C) transverse (horizontal) plane or cross section.
D) midsagittal (median) plane.

Question 36

What smaller cavity within the thoracic cavity houses the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, and trachea?

A) diaphragm
B) peritoneal cavity
C) mediastinum
D) abdominal cavity

Question 37

A directional term that means the same as posterior is:

A) ventral.
B) sagittal.
C) anterior.
D) dorsal.

Question 38

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A) mediastinum
B) diaphragm
C) pericardium
D) pleura

Question 39

The shoulder is also known as the:

A) digital region.
B) brachial region.
C) antebrachial region.
D) acromial region.

Question 40

A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is known as a:

A) sagittal plane.
B) frontal (coronal) plane.
C) transverse (horizontal) plane.
D) midsagittal (median) plane.

Question 41

A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed a(n):

A) stimulus.
B) regulator.
C) receptor.
D) effector.

Question 42

A mother breastfeeds her infant. As long as the baby suckles his mother's breast, the mother's mammary glands produce milk. Suckling, the stimulus, increases milk production, the response. This scenario is best described as:

A) a positive feedback loop.
B) a negative feedback loop.
C) anatomical position.
D) principle of complementarity of structure and function.

Question 43

The innermost serous membrane attached to the heart muscle is called the:

A) visceral pleura.
B) visceral pericardium.
C) parietal pericardium.
D) visceral peritoneum.

Question 44

What are the two major methods by which cells communicate to coordinate their functions?

A) temperature gradients and pressure gradients
B) positive feedback loops and negative feedback loops
C) effectors and responses
D) chemical messengers and/or electrical signals

Question 45

How does the effector restore homeostasis in a negative feedback loop?

A) The effector increases and reinforces the initial stimulus.
B) The effector amplifies the response, but does not continue indefinitely.
C) The effector opposes the initial stimulus and shuts off when conditions return to the normal range.
D) The effector causes a rapid change in a variable.

Question 46

What part of a feedback loop causes physiological responses to return the variable to the normal homeostatic range?

A) stimulus
B) effector
C) control center
D) receptor (sensor)

Question 47

Serous membranes line certain cavities within the:

A) dorsal cavities.
B) vertebral (spinal) cavity.
C) ventral cavities.
D) cranial cavity.

Question 48

What is a gradient?

A) equilibrium or balance between two unconnected areas
B) equal amounts of something exist in areas that are connected
C) maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
D) more of something exists in one area than another and the two areas are connected

Question 49

What would a needle travel through as it enters the right lung?

A) parietal pleura, serous fluid, visceral pleura, right lung
B) visceral pericardium, serous fluid, parietal pericardium, right lung
C) visceral pleura, serous fluid, parietal pleura, right lung
D) parietal pleura, serous fluid, right lung, visceral pleura

Question 50

The type of feedback that increases or enhances the effects of the variable is:

A) positive.
B) neutral.
C) responsive.
D) negative.

Question 51

What is NOT one of the four core principles related to homeostasis?

A) feedback loops
B) cell ^-cell communication
C) metabolism
D) gradients

Question 52

Select the letter that represents the left iliac (inguinal) region.

A) B
B) C
C) A
D) D

Question 53

A nerve cell releases chemical messengers to trigger changes in a nearby muscle cell. This is example of a core principle known as:

A) principle of complementarity of structure and function.
B) cell ^-cell communication.
C) gradients.
D) feedback loops.

Question 54

Which serous membrane covers the abdominal organs?

A) mediastinum
B) peritoneum
C) pleura
D) pericardium

Question 55

What of the following best summarizes the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

A) structure drives function
B) function follows structure
C) maintenance of a stable internal environment
D) form follows function

Question 56

Blood pressure in arteries is higher than the blood pressure in capillaries. Blood flows from arteries to capillaries due to the presence of a:

A) negative feedback loop.
B) positive feedback loop.
C) homeostatic imbalance.
D) gradient.

Question 57

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed:

A) effector control.
B) positive feedback.
C) integration.
D) homeostasis.

Question 58

Which region of the abdominopelvic cavity lies between the right and left lumbar regions?

A) epigastric region
B) umbilical region
C) right lumbar region
D) hypogastric region

Question 59

When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature heats up above the normal range. Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature. The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands, causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin. What part of this feedback loop is the effector?

A) sweat glands
B) brain
C) nerve cells
D) increased body temperature

Question 60

When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature heats up above the normal range. Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature. The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands, causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin. What part of this feedback loop is the stimulus?

A) increased body temperature
B) brain
C) sweat glands
D) nerve cells

Question 61

According to the principle of complementarity of structure and function, structure and function are related only at the cellular level.

Question 62

The transverse (horizontal plane or cross section) plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Question 63

Patients are always examined while they are standing in anatomical position.

Question 64

Match the following with the correct body cavity or subdivision.

Identify the cavity where the left lung is housed.

Question 65

Match the following with the correct body cavity or subdivision.

Identify the thoracic cavity.

Question 66

Match the following with the correct regional anatomical term.

Identify the cephalic region.

Question 67

Match the following with the correct regional anatomical term.

Identify the gluteal region.

Question 68

Serous fluid lubricates around organs and reduces friction as the organ moves against adjacent structures.

Question 69

Match the following with the correct regional anatomical term.

Identify the thoracic region.

Question 70

Match the following with the correct regional anatomical term.

Identify the popliteal region.

Question 71

You should wait to read the textbook until you have heard the material presented in lecture or laboratory.

Question 72

The simplest level of organization in the human body is the cellular level.

Question 73

The popliteal region is posterior (dorsal) to the patellar region.

Question 74

Match the following with the correct regional anatomical term.

Identify the vertebral region.

Question 75

Match the following with the correct body cavity or subdivision.

Identify the abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 76

The thymus is a component of both the endocrine and lymphatic systems.

Question 77

When studying, you should actively read the textbook by taking notes and making diagrams.

Question 78

Negative feedback loops produce responses in the opposite direction of the initial stimulus while positive feedback loops produce responses in the same direction of the initial stimulus.

Question 79

Match the following with the correct body cavity or subdivision.

Identify the mediastinum.

Question 80

Match the following with the correct body cavity or subdivision.

Identify the cavity that houses the heart.