Deck 5: Police Subculture

Question 1

Which of these is a value that is NOT always prized by others,but may be necessary for safe and effective police work?

A)Patriotism
B)Building a better society
C)Cynicism
D)Bravery

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What are the potential benefits from shifting to the Police Training Officer (PTO)approach from the Field Training Officer (FTO)approach?

Answer 2

PTO emphasizes knowledge,comprehension,application,analysis,synthesis,and evaluation.PTO have police who have engaged in ongoing problem solving may be both more self -reliant and more prepared to face challenging situations as they arise.The emphasis on analysis,synthesis,application,and evaluation may prepare officers who are more able to applies learning to new situations rather than just "knowing what they know." Because it develops leadership,it likely better prepares officers to rise to the occasion when they face a situation without the guidance of a higher -ranking officer.While FTO,has three phases that include learning the policies and rules,learning the complicated tasks police officers perform regularly,and firsthand observation by a field training officer.

Question 3

Typical violent encounters that officers respond to are considered what?

A)A source of a sense of satisfaction in their jobs
B)Random acts between total strangers,as portrayed by the media
C)Altercations between friends and acquaintances
D)Routine,thus unfulfilling to deal with

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Analyze the effectiveness of the fair employment practices mandated by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Question 5

The rules put in place to protect citizens and police organizations are known as

A)Standard operating procedures
B)Bureaucracy
C)A code of ethics
D)Institutional values

Question 6

Research has found that the police sergeants' attitudes and approaches

A)Are critical factors in shaping line officers' attitudes
B)Are the lynchpin of police subculture
C)Correlate to the performance of the officers under them
D)Have virtually no direct effects on their subordinates' activities

Question 7

Compare the histories of hiring women and minorities as police officers.

Question 8

In which of these locales do police officers perform daily tasks that involve interaction with ordinary citizens?

A)The stationhouse
B)The street environment
C)The courthouse
D)The prison

Question 9

Summarize the type and the characteristics of stress.

Question 10

Hopes of changing the world and engaging in exciting crime-fighting activities are considered ________ by younger officers and ________ by cynical older officers.

A)Necessary,counterintuitive
B)Important,unimportant
C)Useful,impairing
D)Aspirational,delusional

Question 11

A group of officers who work the same shift may be called what?

A)A band or a company
B)A troop or a congregation
C)A section or a division
D)A platoon or a squad

Question 12

Which of the following is an institutional value that is ubiquitous in policing?

A)Personal responsibility
B)Centralization
C)Decentralization
D)A traditional approach to managing police organizations

Question 13

At the end of a shift,police officers are likely to do all of the following EXCEPT which?

A)Change back into civilian attire
B)Finish their paperwork
C)Receive the next day's assignments
D)Prepare to head home

Question 14

The self-confirming nature of culture means that it is what?

A)Self-conscious
B)Self-reliant
C)Self-reinforcing
D)Self-centered

Question 15

The attitude of rejecting beliefs based on faith or tradition alone and demanding rigorous scientific proof for acceptance of ideas is called what?

A)Liberalism
B)Skeptical positivism
C)Cynicism
D)Suspicion

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE of preventative patrols for deterring would-be criminals?

A)Police administrators repeatedly ask researchers to study the issue
B)Police administrators are not swayed by the lack of research support for them.
C)Police administrators have cut back on them in the wake of research evidence.
D)Police administrators have increased them based on research evidence.

Question 17

Crank's term "inner circle" refers to

A)A powerful clique within a police department
B)The top three levels of the chain of command
C)The prosecutor,the investigating officer,and the arresting officer
D)Reporters who have experience with and understanding of police

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a possible consequence for the investigating officer when a prosecutor elects to develop a case?

A)An increase demand on the officer's on-duty and off-duty time
B)A sense of standing along in efforts to fight crime
C)An examination of the procedures followed in the investigation
D)An analysis of the quality of the report writing

Question 19

Besides generally increased effectiveness and increased community respect,what are the potential benefits of a diverse and representative police force?

Question 20

In terms of police subculture,the transfer of officers results in what?

A)Many periods of reduced performance while officers re-acclimate
B)Fresh perspectives shed on investigations and workflows
C)The spread of knowledge about co-workers from the larger department
D)An increase in socialization between and among officers

Question 21

The proper order for the three steps police officers use to identify an "asshole" is

A)Affront,remedy,clarification
B)Affront,clarification,remedy
C)Clarification,affront,remedy
D)Remedy,affront,clarification

Question 22

The relationship between the police and the media can be a double-edged sword because

A)Some journalists understand policing,while others don't
B)Some journalists are objective,while others sensationalize cases
C)Some media give space to police matters,while others ignore them
D)Some media coverage can aid investigations,while some can be damaging

Question 23

The most important aspect of end-of-shift time is giving officers a period to transition to home life.

Question 24

Police weapons are most often fired on firing ranges.

Question 25

Some,but not all,of the values that characterize police subculture are shared by all Americans.

Question 26

In the world of police work,common sense refers to recognizing hidden danger in a seemingly safe world.

Question 27

Organizations not only hold institutional values,but also promote them.

Question 28

According to sociologist Egon Bittner,the coercive authority of policing is the distinguishing feature that sets law enforcement apart from other professions.

Question 29

Policing is not the most objectively dangerous job.

Question 30

Presence in the community is an example of how a police officer exercises direct control.

Question 31

Suspicion can become a problem when

A)It spills over into an officer's private life
B)It pervades the work experience
C)It leads to being "on guard" at work
D)It comes to define police subculture

Question 32

Police control is somewhat synonymous with

A)Order maintenance
B)Territoriality
C)Coercive action
D)Dominion

Question 33

In the analysis of police interaction with "assholes," it is clear that the term street justice refers to

A)Justice administered on the street,rather than in court
B)Justice befitting the place and time of the incident
C)Actions that are outside the just process and possibly illegal
D)Actions that are toned down in order to fit the circumstances

Question 34

Many police calls are routine and frustrating.

Question 35

Emphasis on courage,intelligence,strength,and self-reliance are part of which police subculture component?

A)The masculine environment
B)The us-versus-them mentality
C)The sense of solidarity
D)The sense of moral superiority

Question 36

Police culture has values and norms that no other subculture shares.

Question 37

Off-duty conversations between fellow officers provide a means for emotional release.

Question 38

Inordinate fear of injury or death is known as

A)Hypervigilance
B)The paradox of policing
C)The victimization paradox
D)The sixth sense

Question 39

Internal review has been found to have little effect on police subculture.

Question 40

Because police officers have to make split-second decisions in the heat of the moment,inappropriate decisions should be expected some of the time.

Question 41

The study of the victims of crime is called ________.

Question 42

Police subculture is also sometimes called police ________.

Question 43

Many police officers judge lies based on the end result,rather than the type of lie.

Question 44

Sources of police subculture outside the police department are the street environment,other criminal justice agencies,and the ________.

Question 45

One kind of police activity in which lies are necessary and desirable is the operation in which an undercover officer sells a willing buyer a quantity of illegal narcotics,known as a ________ bust operations.

Question 46

Police work can result in isolation on the job,as well as isolation from the ________.

Question 47

The metaphor of police work as ________ profoundly influences police subculture.

Question 48

A police officer can exercise direct control or ________ control.

Question 49

Admonitions to drivers who speed may be offered out of genuine concern or delivered with sarcasm growing out of a sense of ________ superiority.

Question 50

Because nearly all traffic stops are involuntary,they are likely to be ________.

Question 51

The beginning of a shift when officers receive assignments is often called ________ call.

Question 52

"A body of knowledge that emerges through the shared application of practical skills to concrete problems encountered in daily routines and the normal course of activities" is one researcher's definition of ________.

Question 53

In police circles,putting on a display of high-mindedness is called ________.

Question 54

Officers who work the midnight to daybreak shift and/or weekends and holidays are limited in their ability to socialize with people outside their professional ________.

Question 55

Although secrecy and solidarity are both parts of police subculture,they are not involved in facilitating corruption.

Question 56

The tendency among police officers stick together and associate with each other is referred to as ________.

Question 57

The idea of a "confluence of themes" to characterize a subculture is credited to John ________.