Deck 11: Marriage,work,and Economics

Question 1

A father deciding whether he should attend his son's Little League game or whether he should work overtime is an example of:

A) role conflict.
B) interrole strain.
C) novitiate stage.
D) work spillover.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Time at work can create a feeling of _____,in which individuals feel they do not have or spend enough time in certain roles and relationships.​

A) ​role overload
B) ​work spillover
C) ​time strain
D) ​role strain

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Beliefs about what women and men ought to do is referred to as a:​

A) ​gender belief system.
B) ​gender ideology.
C) ​gender value system.
D) ​gender role orientation.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the homemaker role?​

A) ​It is a role given to either men or women,depending on who is at home.
B) ​It takes lower priority compared to other roles that women may have.
C) ​It is associated with economic independence.
D) ​It is associated with the status of "not working."

Question 5

What is cited as the primary reason that women's employment has increased?​

A) ​​Economic necessity​
B) ​Women want to work for physical fitness
C) ​Worse job opportunities for women
D) ​More mothers are married now than ever before

Question 6

When mothers and fathers feel they have or spend too little time with their children,life satisfaction is:​

A) ​slightly reduced for mothers and fathers.
B) ​greatly reduced for mothers and fathers.
C) ​significantly reduced for fathers but not for mothers.
D) ​significantly reduced for mothers but not for fathers.

Question 7

Which group is least likely to divide family roles along stereotypical gender lines?​

A) ​African American families
B) ​Latino families
C) ​Asian families
D) ​Caucasian families

Question 8

Students very often feel overwhelmed when exams in several courses are scheduled for the same day.Having too much to do within a given role is referred to as:

A) ​role strain.
B) ​role conflict.
C) ​crossover.
D) ​spillover.

Question 9

Family work is devalued in comparison to paid work because it:​

A) ​involves everyone.
B) ​does not require advanced education.
C) ​takes place in the home.
D) ​is unpaid.

Question 10

Ann is extremely stressed at work because state budget cuts may jeopardize a promotion she was in line for.During this time,she comes home and gets upset about the amount of work she still has to do in the household.She and her partner have a big argument about housework.This illustrates:

A) role strain.
B) role conflict.
C) crossover.
D) spillover.

Question 11

When the total prescribed activities for one or more roles are greater than an individual can comfortably or adequately handle,_____ occurs.

A) role overload
B) interrole conflict
C) role strain
D) full-time conflict

Question 12

The "traditional" division of labor involves:

A) work being divided by age.
B) work roles that are gendered and complementary.
C) work roles that are the same for men and women.
D) dividing labor depending on who is most skilled at a particular task.

Question 13

​The husband's traditional role as _______ has been his most fundamental role in marriage.

A) ​father
B) ​provider
C) ​neighbor
D) ​decision-maker

Question 14

What percentage of women who work while pregnant stay at home for the entire first year after motherhood?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 50%

Question 15

Probably the single activity to which the majority of employed men and women devote the most time outside of sleeping is:​

A) ​their children.
B) ​watching TV.
C) ​their jobs.
D) ​home upkeep.

Question 16

Men tend to see their role in housekeeping or child care as:​

A) ​critical to the family.
B) ​their primary role.
C) ​very fulfilling.
D) ​"helping their partner."

Question 17

When the demands attached to any particular status are contradictory or incompatible,we experience:​

A) ​role overload.
B) ​interrole conflict.
C) ​role strain.
D) ​work spillover.

Question 18

In 2014,the husband was the sole wage earner in _____ of U.S.married-couple families with children under 18 years old.​

A) ​6%
B) ​14%
C) ​30.8%
D) ​23.7%

Question 19

The effect of work on other aspects of our lives is known as:​

A) ​family work.
B) ​work spillover.
C) ​role overload.
D) ​role strain.

Question 20

As of 2014,____ of women were in the labor force.

A) 23%
B) 37%
C) 57%
D) 65%

Question 21

Families that function as economic partnerships dependent on the efforts of both husband and wife are known as:​

A) ​dual-career families.
B) ​dual-earner families.
C) ​co-provider families.
D) ​domestic corporations.

Question 22

Which couples have the least equitable division of household labor?​

A) ​Cohabiting couples
B) ​Same-sex couples
C) ​Married heterosexual couples
D) ​There is no difference.

Question 23

Hochschild has found that when companies offered family-friendly policies,most:​

A) ​employees did not use them.
B) ​employees used them.
C) ​men used them but few women did.
D) ​women used them but few men did.

Question 24

A less common reason men give for staying at home is:

A) retirement.
B) school.
C) disability.
D) a desire to take care of the home and their family.

Question 25

The greatest social needs in dual-earner marriages include which of the following?​

A) ​Accepting traditional gender values and norms
B) ​Providing adequate child care facilities for working parents
C) ​Promoting the importance of women remaining at home for at least a year after motherhood
D) ​Restructuring the workplace to meet needs of single men

Question 26

Which of the following terms is defined as a mix of sex and power with power being the dominant element?​

A) ​Sexual harassment
B) ​Gender-based occupational stratification
C) ​Sexual authority
D) ​Sexual influence

Question 27

Couples in which spouses work different,often nonoverlapping shifts so that one partner is home while the other is at work are called _____ couples.​

A) ​turn-taking
B) ​alternating
C) ​shift
D) ​"hello,goodbye"

Question 28

When someone acts in sexual ways so as to interfere with another person's job performance,it is called:​

A) ​occupational stratification.
B) ​a hostile environment.
C) ​sex discrimination.
D) ​a quid pro quo request.

Question 29

In two-parent families,we find that:​

A) ​mothers spend more time caring for children than fathers only if mothers are employed.
B) ​mothers' involvement with children is primarily spent in play.
C) ​women are primary caretakers; men are secondary.
D) ​men are more accessible and engaged with children than are women.

Question 30

A peer marriage is one:​

A) ​that emphasizes fairness and sharing.
B) ​in which the partners are colleagues at work.
C) ​that emphasizes each partner doing 50% of all tasks.
D) ​that focuses on role reversal.

Question 31

Approximately what percentage of married-couple families has a stay-at-home dad?​

A) ​6%
B) ​10%
C) ​16%
D) ​20%

Question 32

Earnings are about ___ higher in traditionally male occupations than in predominately female integrated occupations.​

A) ​5%
B) ​20%
C) ​30-50%
D) ​60-70%

Question 33

In 2015,women who worked full time earned about what percentage of the income of men?

A) 60.9%
B) 70.1%
C) 82.5%
D) 90.3%

Question 34

What is the primary day care solution for most employed mothers with children 5 to 14 years old?​

A) ​In-home day care
B) ​Family members
C) ​Licensed day care programs
D) School attendance​

Question 35

The process and responsibility for worrying about children is called:

A) mental labor.
B) emotion work.
C) childcare.
D) enlightenment.

Question 36

Between 2007 and 2009,the overall unemployment rate in the United States:​

A) ​doubled.
B) ​increased by 10%.
C) ​tripled.​
D) ​remained relatively unchanged.

Question 37

When looking at fathers' involvement with children,we find that:

A) fathers are more involved with daughters than with sons.
B) fathers are more involved with older children than younger children.
C) fathers are less involved with firstborn than later-born children.
D) fathers spend more time in play with sons than with daughters.

Question 38

Emotion work is primarily done by:​

A) ​men.
B) ​women.
C) ​employers.
D) ​children.

Question 39

Coping resources in dealing with unemployment include which of the following?​

A) ​Accepting reality
B) ​Defining the meaning of the problem
C) ​A feeling of mastery
D) ​Displacement intervention techniques

Question 40

Employed women have ________ compared to nonemployed homemakers.​

A) ​less domestic support from their partners
B) ​better mental health
C) ​more health problems
D) ​a lower sense of control

Question 41

Cohabiting couples share household duties more equally than do married couples.

Question 42

Couples who engage in shift work are more likely to divorce.

Question 43

One of the most noticeable areas of impact when fathers stay home is more involvement with children.

Question 44

​Work-family tensions seem to be greater on mothers than on fathers.

Question 45

At-home fathers typically stay home in order to be with the children.

Question 46

At-home fathers and breadwinner mothers follow a dominant-submissive pattern in their relationship.

Question 47

Some working women do not insist on husbands' equal participation in housework because they don't believe their husbands are competent.

Question 48

Studies suggest that employed wives do not exert any greater power in the home than nonemployed wives.

Question 49

Work spillover has the same effects on men as it does on women.

Question 50

About a third of children between 12 and 14 years of age are in self-care.

Question 51

Nonemployed women are physically healthier than employed women.

Question 52

​Women who work full-time earn about 80% of the income of men.

Question 53

African Americans are less likely to divide household tasks along gender lines than Caucasians.

Question 54

An equitable division of labor is the same as an equal division of labor.

Question 55

Working-class couples,though less ideologically traditional than in the past,are still not as openly enthusiastic about more egalitarian divisions of labor.​

Question 56

American workers work more hours than do Europeans.

Question 57

Every $7,500 in married women's incomes is associated with one less hour of household work.

Question 58

The division of family roles along stereotypical gender lines does not vary by race or class.

Question 59

Not having enough time with one's spouse is more distressing for women than for men.

Question 60

Day care in the United States is low-cost and heavily subsidized by the federal government.