Deck 3: Variations in American Family Life

Question 1

Most immigrants:​

A) ​experienced hostility.
B) ​arrived in America with skills.
C) ​were eager to leave their homeland.
D) ​did not know where they would go once they got to America.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Most Native American families in the Colonial Era practiced:​

A) ​polygamy.
B) ​polyandry.
C) ​polygyny.
D) ​monogamy.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

American marriages and families are dynamic and must be understood as the products of wider cultural,demographic,and _______ developments.​

A) climatological​
B) ​dendrochronological
C) ​technological
D) ​archaeological

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The first year after freedom for the African Americans was called:​

A) ​the "Hallelujah" time.
B) ​the "traveling" time.
C) ​the "searching" time.
D) ​Jubilee.

Question 5

The first slaves brought to what today is the United States arrived at:​

A) ​Plymouth.
B) ​Yorktown.
C) ​Jamestown.
D) ​Charlestowne.

Question 6

In colonial families,adolescence:​

A) ​was considered to be an important transitional stage.
B) ​was celebrated with many rituals.
C) ​involved strenuous rites of passage for both boys and girls.
D) ​did not exist as a separate life stage.

Question 7

Under slavery,the African American family lacked ________ and ________ which helped give free African Americans and Whites stability.​

A) autonomy; kinship ties​
B) ​monogamy; economic importance
C) ​autonomy; economic importance
D) ​strong emotional bonds; economic importance

Question 8

The most dramatic decline in fertility in American history occurred in the 19^th century,dropping by:​

A) ​10%.
B) ​90%.
C) ​75%.
D) ​50%.

Question 9

Slave marriages were:​

A) ​recognized as legal only in the North.
B) ​recognized as legal if the slaves had written permission from their owners to marry.
C) ​recognized as legal only if both slaves had the same owner.
D) ​not recognized as legal.

Question 10

Industrialization created which of the following?​

A) ​Self-sufficiency
B) ​Breadwinners
C) ​Rural families
D) ​Increased participation of women in the paid labor force

Question 11

The colonial family considered children to be:​

A) ​innocent.
B) ​evil by nature.
C) ​the center of their lives.
D) ​economic units.

Question 12

In the colonial family,the married woman was:​

A) ​considered an equal.
B) ​allowed the right to inherit or sell property.
C) ​thought of as a helpmate.
D) ​economically independent.

Question 13

The European colonists who came to America attempted to replicate their familiar family system that emphasized all of the following except:​

A) ​family as an economic and social institution.
B) ​romantic love as the basis of mate selection.
C) ​subordination of women.
D) ​family-centered reproduction.

Question 14

During the Depression,unemployment jumped from 3 million in 1929 to over _____ in 1932.​

A) ​6 million
B) ​12 million
C) ​15 million
D) ​1 billion

Question 15

Native American families tend to share which of the following characteristics?​

A) ​Large family size
B) ​Low child mortality rates
C) ​Ceremonies and rituals marking adulthood
D) ​Extensive use of physical discipline

Question 16

The greatest diversity of American family life probably existed among:​

A) ​the European colonists.
B) ​the Native Americans.
C) ​African Americans.
D) ​immigrants to America.

Question 17

After industrialization:​

A) ​the family became a unit of production.
B) ​adolescents became economically independent.
C) ​women began to control the frequency of intercourse.
D) ​the belief in childhood innocence was replaced by the idea that children are evil.

Question 18

The most crucial factor that enabled people to survive the oppression of enslavement,difficulties of immigration,and impoverishment induced by industrialization was:​

A) ​economic success.
B) ​social agencies.
C) ​the family.
D) ​political ideology.

Question 19

In colonial times,children were often "bound out" or "fostered" as apprentices or domestic servants between the ages of:​

A) ​7 and 12.
B) ​2 and 6.
C) ​13 and 15.
D) ​16 and 17.

Question 20

As a result of industrialization:​

A) ​American families became more self-sufficient.
B) ​men's work was given higher status than women's work.
C) ​the family became more important as a work unit.
D) ​women lost power in terms of marital choice and frequency of intercourse.

Question 21

The ______ is a painful fact that has resulted primarily from high rates of divorce,increasing numbers of unmarried women with children,and women's lack of economic resources.​

A) ​economic dysfunction trend
B) ​"two-person career" trend
C) ​androgynization of poverty
D) ​feminization of poverty

Question 22

A group of people distinct from other groups because of cultural characteristics,such as language,religion,and customs that are transmitted from one generation to another,is known as a(n):​

A) ​racial group.
B) ​ethnic group.
C) ​minority group.
D) ​phenotype.

Question 23

Companionate marriages and families:​

A) ​were based on male authority and sexual repression.
B) ​protected children from the world.
C) ​emphasized patriarchal decision-making.
D) ​expected marriages to provide romance,sexual fulfillment,and emotional growth.

Question 24

In the contemporary family,_____ have had the greatest impact on reshaping the meaning and experiences of sexuality and parenthood.​

A) changes in divorce laws​
B) ​education and religious training
C) ​revolutions in contraception and biomedical technology
D) ​economic and political changes

Question 25

Which of the following values continue to be important to Asian Americans?​

A) ​A strong emphasis on assimilation
B) ​A sense of importance of individuals over families
C) ​Self-control to achieve societal goals
D) ​Abandonment of one's cultural heritage

Question 26

In the contemporary family,_____ factors have been responsible for major change in the familial roles played by women and men.​

A) ​biological
B) ​physical
C) ​economic
D) ​medical

Question 27

Which of the following is an important influence or value in the family lives of most Mexicans and Puerto Ricans?

A) Familismo
B) Complete assimilation
C) Independence from family ties
D) Gender equality

Question 28

Until the later decades of the 20^th century,most research about American marriages and families was conducted on:​

A) ​white,upper-class Americans.
B) ​white,middle-class Americans.
C) ​white,working-class Americans.
D) ​white Americans from all classes.

Question 29

Despite the considerable variations among tribal groups,two important aspects of most Native American families are:

A) extended families and high rates of intermarriage to non-Native Americans.
B) tribal identities and acculturation.
C) migration and tribal identities.
D) monogamy and extended families.

Question 30

​Which of the following is a characteristic of contemporary marriages and families?

A) ​Rising birth rates
B) ​Delayed marriage
C) ​Decrease in cohabitation
D) ​Fewer people remarrying after divorce

Question 31

Better education and higher incomes than the general population tends to be found in which of the following populations?​

A) ​Asian Americans
B) ​Native Americans
C) ​Hispanics
D) ​African Americans

Question 32

The largest ethnic group in the United States is:​

A) ​Asian Americans.
B) ​Hispanics.
C) ​African Americans.
D) ​Native Americans.

Question 33

Which of the following statements apply to Chinese American families?​

A) ​They tend to have lower levels of income than the general population.
B) ​Women do not work outside the home.
C) ​They tend to have conservative sexual values.
D) ​They tend to be less educated than the general population.

Question 34

Which of the following statements regarding Hispanics is correct?​

A) ​Their families are very similar.
B) ​Children are especially important.
C) ​They are the second fastest-growing ethnic group in the U.S.
D) ​Most are of Cuban descent.

Question 35

Social classes are typically identified using _________ indicators.​

A) ​economic
B) ​political
C) ​sexual
D) ​religious

Question 36

The family over time has moved from being an economically productive unit to a(n):​

A) ​consuming,service-oriented unit.
B) ​economically dependent unit.
C) ​primarily dysfunctional unit.
D) ​individualistic,self-serving unit.

Question 37

A group of people who share common phenotypical characteristics is known as a(n):​

A) ​minority group.
B) ​racial group.
C) ​phenotypical group.
D) ​ethnic group.

Question 38

Which group makes up the largest component of the Hispanic American population in the United States?

A) Cuban Americans
B) Mexican Americans
C) Puerto Rican Americans
D) Argentinian Americans

Question 39

African Americans:​

A) ​are currently the largest ethnic group in the U.S.
B) ​have been mainly single-earner families.
C) ​do not consider kinship bonds to be important.
D) ​have a long history of being dual-earner families.

Question 40

There has been a shift in American values from an emphasis on familism to an emphasis on:​

A) ​political agendas.
B) ​individualism and self-gratification.
C) ​being a team player.
D) ​communal orientation.

Question 41

Society's perception of childhood has varied little over the course of American history.​

Question 42

During the 19^th century,protecting children from the evils of the world became a major part of childrearing.​

Question 43

Which social class is largest?​

A) ​Upper class
B) ​Upper-middle class
C) ​Middle class
D) ​Lower class

Question 44

Movement up or down the social class ladder is called:​

A) ​structural locomotion.
B) ​social mobility.
C) ​class mobility.
D) ​extensive social networking.

Question 45

In colonial America,parents often selected their children's mates.​

Question 46

Middle-class parents tend to emphasize ______,while working-class parents emphasize _______ in their children.​

A) ​obedience; thrift
B) ​autonomy; compliance
C) ​grooming; hard work
D) ​politeness; honesty

Question 47

In which class do we most often find a two-person career?​

A) ​Upper class
B) ​Middle class
C) ​Working class
D) ​Lower class

Question 48

Premarital pregnancy was unusual in all parts of colonial America.​

Question 49

Slave culture discouraged casual sex and placed a high value on marital stability.​

Question 50

In the 19^th century,many women accepted and embraced a "doctrine of separate spheres."​

Question 51

In colonial America,love was considered a spousal duty.​

Question 52

Industrialization had little impact on American family life.​

Question 53

In 2015,the calculated poverty line for a family of four in the U.S.was:​

A) ​$7,900.
B) ​$39,999.
C) ​$18,700.
D) ​$24,250.

Question 54

The greatest diversity of American family life occurred after the great waves of immigration swept over America.​

Question 55

Native American extended families revolve around complex kinship networks based on:​

A) ​birth.
B) ​marriage.
C) ​adoption.
D) ​clan membership.

Question 56

Most European ethnic groups:​

A) ​no longer have minority status.
B) ​are discriminated against.
C) ​have a diminishing sense of ethnicity.
D) ​are experiencing an increase in male dominance.

Question 57

Slave marriages were recognized as legal unions,even though families were frequently physically separated due to the nature of servitude.​

Question 58

People who spend at least 27 weeks in the labor force but whose income falls below the poverty threshold are referred to as the _____ poor.​

A) ​working
B) ​absolute
C) ​ghetto
D) ​theoretical

Question 59

An ethnic identity that is used only when the individual chooses is known as a(n):​

A) ​symbolic ethnicity.
B) ​ethnicity of convenience.
C) occasional ethnicity.​
D) ​chosen ethnicity.

Question 60

White ethnicity is generally strongest in the:​

A) ​South and Southwest.
B) ​South and East.
C) ​East and Midwest.
D) ​Midwest and South.

Question 61

The culture of poverty is the only way to view the daily life of minority populations.

Question 62

Immigrants created great economic wealth for America.​

Question 63

By the beginning of the 20^th century,the primary focus of the family was becoming less centered on meeting the emotional needs of its members.​

Question 64

The largest ethnic group in the United States is Hispanics.​

Question 65

In the 1950s,many women found that the ideal lifestyle of the period left them longing for something more.​

Question 66

The government was quick to provide day-care centers for working families during World War II.​

Question 67

​Economic factors were the most important determinant in shaping family life in the 1950s.

Question 68

By the beginning of the 20^th century,American families lost many of their traditional functions.​

Question 69

Traditional gender and marital roles mostly prevailed during the 1950s.​

Question 70

Asian Americans are typical of other minority populations in family structure and social class.​

Question 71

Increasingly large numbers of Native Americans are marrying non-Native Americans.​

Question 72

Slave children in the U.S.were often forced into hard physical labor as young as age 5 or 6.​

Question 73

Immigrants were so eager to leave their homeland that they seldom knew where they were going to settle in America.​

Question 74

About 10% of the U.S.population is upper class.​

Question 75

Middle-class parents engage in "concerted cultivation."​

Question 76

Companionate marriages expect wives to be guardians of virtue and sexual restraint.​

Question 77

Chinese Americans tend to exert strong parental control while encouraging their children to develop a sense of independence.