Deck 2: The Supervisor As Leader

Question 1

Who among the following best exemplifies an authoritarian leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team leader who makes decisions himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Answer 1

C

Question 2

People who blame others or events beyond their control when something goes wrong are said to have a(n)

A) external locus of control.
B) democratic leadership style.
C) internal locus of control.
D) authoritarian leadership style.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Leading is the management function of

A) influencing people to act or not act in a certain way.
B) seeking direction and implementing ideas.
C) determining how to achieve organizational objectives.
D) setting up groups and allocating resources.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Who among the following best exemplifies a democratic leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 5

Corina supervises 12 cashiers at Prime Grocers. Lately, the cashiers have had several instances of substantial cash shortage because Corina has not been verifying their initial cash amount. When approached by her manager about this situation, Corina replied, "The cashiers are lazy and just do not care." Which of the following traits is Corina exhibiting?

A) Sense of humor
B) External locus of control
C) Empathy
D) Sense of responsibility

Question 6

Which of the following traits of a successful leader refers to his or her ability to be sensitive to the feelings of employees and higher management?

A) Empathy
B) Internal locus of control
C) Self-confidence
D) High energy level

Question 7

Who among the following best exemplifies a laissez-faire leader?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Edgar, a manager who lets his employees work as they wish and seldom interferes
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions himself and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 8

A(n) ________ refers to the belief that an individual is the primary cause of what happens to him or her.

A) individualistic orientation
B) tolerance for ambiguity
C) polycentric notion
D) internal locus of control

Question 9

The leadership style in which the leader allows subordinates to participate in decision making and problem solving is known as the

A) authoritarian leadership style.
B) laissez-faire leadership style.
C) democratic leadership style.
D) dictatorial leadership style.

Question 10

Who among the following most likely has an external locus of control?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Violet, who believes that her hard work led to her promotion
C) George, a team lead who makes decisions and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 11

Which of the following is true about managers and leaders according to management consultants Herb Greenberg and Patrick Sweeney?

A) Managers give directions, whereas leaders seek directions.
B) Managers implement ideas, whereas leaders initiate ideas.
C) Unlike leaders, managers inspire achievement.
D) Unlike leaders, managers influence people to act in a certain way.

Question 12

Which of the following traits is most likely to be a predictor of good leadership?

A) External locus of control
B) Self-confidence
C) Egocentrism
D) Self-righteousness

Question 13

In which of the following leadership styles does the leader remain uninvolved and let subordinates direct themselves?

A) Authoritarian leadership
B) Democratic leadership
C) Laissez-faire leadership
D) Dictatorial leadership

Question 14

A factor that differentiates leaders from managers is that leaders

A) inspire achievement, whereas managers seek and follow direction.
B) implement ideas, whereas managers initiate ideas.
C) engage in tactical planning, whereas managers engage in strategic planning.
D) are authoritative, whereas managers are democratic.

Question 15

Which of the following traits of a successful manager enables him or her to put in long hours willingly to handle the variety of duties that come with the job?

A) Self-confidence
B) High energy level
C) Empathy
D) Internal locus of control

Question 16

In the context of the characteristics of a successful leader, a supervisor who believes in his or her ability to get a job done is said to possess the trait of ________.

A) self-confidence
B) empathy
C) high energy level
D) internal locus of control

Question 17

Which of the following is true of democratic vs. authoritarian leadership?

A) Unlike authoritarian leaders, democratic leaders share more authority with employees.
B) Unlike democratic leaders, authoritarian leaders involve employees in decision making.
C) Unlike authoritarian leaders, democratic leaders merely dictate instructions to employees.
D) Unlike democratic leaders, authoritarian leaders let employees do what they want.

Question 18

In the context of the characteristics of a successful leader, which of the following traits does a supervisor lack if he or she has difficulty understanding what makes people tick?

A) High energy level
B) Internal locus of control
C) Empathy
D) Self-confidence

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a manager with an internal locus of control?

A) Will, who blames his team members for his poor performance ratings
B) Greg, who tries hard to take charge of events and makes sure things run smoothly
C) George, a team leader who makes decisions and gives instructions to his team members
D) Hannah, who encourages her subordinates to come up with solutions to problems

Question 20

A(n) ________ leader retains a great deal of power, making decisions and dictating instructions to employees.

A) authoritarian
B) democratic
C) laissez-faire
D) people-oriented

Question 21

Which of the following best describes servant leaders?

A) They put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above their own.
B) They view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.
C) They retain a great deal of authority and often dictate instructions to employees.
D) They believe that they play an important role at a company rather than an unimportant one.

Question 22

Which style of leadership involves putting other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above one's own?

A) Top-down hierarchical leadership
B) Authoritarian leadership
C) Entrepreneurial leadership
D) Servant leadership

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true about the different leadership styles?

A) Very few supervisors are completely authoritarian or totally democratic.
B) With authoritarian leadership, a leader shares a great deal of authority with subordinates.
C) Laissez-faire leadership is effective with jobs that require close monitoring.
D) A democratic leader is uninvolved and lets employees do what they want.

Question 24

According to the Hersey-Blanchard life cycle theory of leadership, leaders should

A) adapt their behaviors according to the maturity of their followers.
B) exhibit directive and supportive behaviors.
C) put other people's needs and interests above their own.
D) be more task oriented rather than relationship oriented.

Question 25

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, supportive behavior involves

A) telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.
B) setting challenging goals for followers to meet.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) being friendly and encouraging to followers.

Question 26

A(n) ________ leader is concerned primarily with the well-being of employees and emphasizes issues such as morale, job satisfaction, and relationships.

A) task-oriented
B) authoritarian
C) people-oriented
D) laissez-faire

Question 27

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, ________ behavior involves telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 28

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, ________ behavior involves recognizing that above all, followers are human beings.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 29

According to Fred Fiedler's contingency model, whether relationship-oriented or task-oriented leaders perform better depends on three characteristics of the situation

A) Type of organization, effectiveness of group, and time available
B) Leader-member relations, task structure, and the position power of the leader
C) Tolerance of ambiguity, problem or task, and need for independence
D) Relationship behavior, task behavior, and maturity of followers

Question 30

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, directive behavior involves

A) communicating clearly what is expected of followers.
B) setting challenging goals for followers to meet.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) being friendly and encouraging to followers.

Question 31

The ________ theory of leadership suggests that the primary activities of a leader are to make desirable and achievable rewards available to organization members who attain organizational objectives and to clarify the kinds of behavior that must be performed to earn those rewards.

A) contingency
B) X and Y
C) life cycle
D) path-goal

Question 32

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, a leader should

A) be more relationship-oriented rather than task-oriented.
B) put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above his or her own.
C) exhibit directive, participative, achievement, and supportive behaviors.
D) adapt his or her behavior according to followers' maturity.

Question 33

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, participative behavior involves

A) telling followers what to do and how they are to do it.
B) setting a challenging goal for a follower to meet and expressing confidence that the follower can meet this challenge.
C) seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations.
D) recognizing that above all, followers are human beings.

Question 34

Rules followed by Marine Corps officers are "never eat before your troops eat" and "never ask your troops to do something you wouldn't do." This is an example of ________ leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) people-oriented
C) task-oriented
D) laissez-faire

Question 35

According to which theory should leaders adjust the degree of task and relationship behavior in response to the growing maturity of their followers?

A) Life cycle theory of leadership
B) Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership
C) Path-goal theory of leadership
D) X and Y theory of leadership

Question 36

Which style of leadership is rarely practiced by supervisors because the nature of a supervisor's job requires close involvement with employees?

A) Authoritarian
B) Democratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) Task-oriented

Question 37

A characteristic feature of servant leaders is that they are ________ .

A) directive
B) egocentric
C) empathic
D) authoritative

Question 38

A leader who focuses on the jobs to be done and the goals to be accomplished is considered

A) empathetic.
B) people-oriented.
C) permissive.
D) task-oriented.

Question 39

According to the theory of path-goal leadership, ________ behavior involves setting a challenging goal for a follower to meet and expressing confidence that the follower can meet this challenge.

A) supportive
B) directive
C) participative
D) achievement

Question 40

According to Fiedler's contingency model, ________ refers to the formal authority granted to the leader by the organization.

A) task structure
B) laissez-faire
C) locus of control
D) position power

Question 41

An entrepreneurial leader having a clear picture of how he or she would like to see the company grow in the future fits the role of a ________ .

A) visionary
B) problem solver
C) decision maker
D) risk taker

Question 42

Which of the following is a reason why servant leaders are considered persuasive?

A) They are respected by the people around them.
B) They listen intently to the people who surround them.
C) They take time to make sure that those surrounding them are heard and understood.
D) They make much effort to help those around them achieve wellness.

Question 43

In the context of approaches to leadership, ________ leaders focus on leading by adhering to tasks.

A) transformational
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) spiritual

Question 44

Which of the following is true of entrepreneurial leaders?

A) They view risk-taking as an unnecessary component of being successful in business.
B) They have a clear picture of how they would like to see their company grow in the future.
C) They put other people's needs, aspirations, and interests above their own.
D) They are usually uninvolved and let employees do what they want.

Question 45

A leader who is a good listener, empathic, healing, aware, and persuasive meets the description of a(n) ________ leader.

A) task-oriented
B) servant
C) authoritative
D) laissez-faire

Question 46

Which of the following is a role skillfully filled by an entrepreneurial leader?

A) Risk taker
B) Healer
C) Good listener
D) Empathizer

Question 47

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following leadership behaviors invites followers to provide input as to what rewards would be desired upon completing tasks?

A) Participative behavior
B) Achievement behavior
C) Supportive behavior
D) Directive behavior

Question 48

The factor that differentiates transformational leadership from transactional leadership is that transformational leaders

A) focus on leading by adhering to tasks.
B) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
C) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.
D) adjust their degree of task and relationship behavior in response to the growing maturity of their followers.

Question 49

In the context of the various approaches to leadership, ________ reflects the extent to which leaders address the inner, non-material developmental needs of followers.

A) authentic leadership
B) ethical leadership
C) spiritual leadership
D) transformational leadership

Question 50

________ leadership involves believing that one plays a very important role at a company rather than an unimportant one.

A) Servant
B) Authoritarian
C) Democratic
D) Entrepreneurial

Question 51

A leader who acts as if losing money will result in personal financial loss and making money will result in additional financial income best exemplifies a(n) ________ leader.

A) authentic
B) democratic
C) entrepreneurial
D) transformational

Question 52

In the context of the various approaches to leadership, research suggests that although most people prefer ________ , the right type of leadership depends on the unique work context.

A) ethical leaders
B) transformational leaders
C) authentic leaders
D) spiritual leaders

Question 53

In the context of approaches to leadership, transactional leaders

A) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
B) focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.
C) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
D) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.

Question 54

In the context of approaches to leadership, ________ leadership reflects the extent to which a leader stands by his or her values and provides true and accurate feedback to followers.

A) entrepreneurial
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) democratic

Question 55

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, ________ involves a leader assigning a task that is challenging enough to stretch a follower, but not so challenging that the follower is unable to complete the task.

A) directive behavior
B) supportive behavior
C) participative behavior
D) achievement behavior

Question 56

In the context of leadership styles, a servant leader

A) deliberately chooses to help other people.
B) is not overly concerned about his or her followers.
C) is more task-oriented than relationship-oriented.
D) puts his or her needs above other people's needs.

Question 57

In the context of approaches to leadership, transformational leaders

A) view incentives and monitoring as effective means to ensure subordinates complete the organization's objectives.
B) focus on leading by adhering to tasks.
C) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
D) view people as the means through which to accomplish the organization's objectives.

Question 58

________ leadership is based on the attitude that the leader is self-employed.

A) Traditional
B) Transformational
C) Entrepreneurial
D) Servant

Question 59

In the context of approaches to leadership, ________ leaders focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.

A) transformational
B) authentic
C) transactional
D) authoritative

Question 60

In the context of approaches to leadership, ethical leadership reflects the extent to which leaders

A) address the spiritual developmental needs of followers.
B) stand by their values and provide true and accurate feedback to followers.
C) possess a moral code and abide by those moral standards.
D) focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.

Question 61

When employees and managers work in teams, a(n) ________ leadership style is generally appropriate.

A) democratic
B) authoritarian
C) laissez-faire
D) bureaucratic

Question 62

According to some management experts, a coach is a good analogy for a(n) ________ leadership style.

A) democratic
B) authoritarian
C) laissez-faire
D) bureaucratic

Question 63

When choosing a leadership style, an individual has to consider values, level of confidence in employees, strengths, and tolerance for ambiguity. These attributes describe

A) situation characteristics.
B) leader characteristics.
C) subordinate characteristics.
D) organization characteristics.

Question 64

Which of the following is one of the characteristics that influences the choice of leadership style for a supervisor?

A) Need for independence
B) Tolerance for ambiguity
C) Interest in solving a problem
D) Time available

Question 65

Which of the following is a situational characteristics that influences the choice of leadership style for a supervisor?

A) Need for independence
B) Tolerance for ambiguity
C) Interest in solving a problem
D) Time available

Question 66

Employees who are tolerant of ambiguity will most likely accept a(n) ________ style of leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) democratic
C) bureaucratic
D) dominant

Question 67

Which of the following is a subordinate characteristic in choosing a leadership style?

A) Knowledge and experience
B) Time available
C) Effectiveness of the group
D) Values

Question 68

Unstructured tasks, such as generating ideas to improve customer service or planning the department picnic, are most likely to benefit from the use of ________ leadership.

A) authoritarian
B) task-oriented
C) laissez-faire
D) democratic

Question 69

A structured task-that is, one with a set procedure to follow-is best managed by a(n)

A) relations-oriented leader.
B) authoritarian leader.
C) people-oriented leader.
D) democratic leader.

Question 70

If a department, team, or other work group has little experience in making its own decisions, the supervisor

A) should use a democratic leadership style.
B) may find that an authoritarian approach is easier to use.
C) may effectively use a participatory decision-making approach.
D) should delegate decisions to groups.

Question 71

In choosing a leadership style, readiness to take responsibility, understanding of and identification with goals, and expectations are categorized as ________ characteristics.

A) situation
B) organization
C) subordinate
D) leader

Question 72

Employees who are eager to assume responsibility will most likely appreciate ________ leadership.

A) dominant
B) bureaucratic
C) authoritarian
D) laissez-faire

Question 73

In which of the following cases is a supervisor most likely to benefit from a democratic approach to leadership?

A) When employees don't identify with goals
B) When employees are not tolerant of ambiguity
C) When employees are eager to assume responsibility
D) When employees expect a lot of direction from the supervisor

Question 74

People who want a lot of direction will most likely welcome ________ leadership.

A) laissez-faire
B) collaborative
C) servant
D) authoritarian

Question 75

Which of the following statements is true about successful leaders in emerging economies?

A) They focus on planning and communication and strive, along with those who work for them, toward the common good.
B) They tend to be global thinkers and are concerned primarily with long-term planning.
C) They refrain from using a hands-on approach to supervising employees.
D) They focus on the operational process and on monitoring individual performances.

Question 76

A manager should use a relatively democratic leadership style only when

A) enough time is available.
B) tasks are structured.
C) decisions need to be made quickly.
D) a work group has little experience in making its own decisions.

Question 77

In choosing a leadership style, one needs to consider the type of organization and the effectiveness of the group. These attributes describe

A) situation characteristics.
B) manager characteristics.
C) subordinate characteristics.
D) leader characteristics.

Question 78

Organizations that use self-managing work teams generally encourage a variety of employee characteristics that are associated with the successful use of democratic leadership and a low degree of

A) task-oriented behavior.
B) people-oriented behavior.
C) relationship-oriented behavior.
D) community-oriented behavior.

Question 79

When the supervisor involves employees in making decisions, he or she cannot always be sure of the outcomes. Supervisors differ in their level of comfort with this uncertainty, which refers to their

A) personal leadership strengths.
B) level of confidence in employees.
C) tolerance for ambiguity.
D) knowledge and experience.

Question 80

In the context of the characteristics of the situation that determines a leadership style, identify a true statement about coaches.

A) They pick qualified people, help them learn their jobs, and inspire peak performance.
B) They are unwilling to share authority and refrain from delegating responsibility to carry out operations.
C) They are a good analogy for an authoritarian leadership style.
D) They impose a lot of rules and restrictions on people's styles of working.