Deck 8: Water Why Water Is Critical for Human Beings and the Planet

Question 1

The best way to reduce your water footprint is to drink coffee instead of water.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Most countries that lack safe drinking water do not desalinate water that may be present in a nearby ocean because

A)it is too hard to remove fish and other wildlife.
B)it is easier to collect and use rainwater.Plus, rainwater is free and readily available.
C)desalination doesn't remove bacteria.
D)desalination plants are expensive to build and use large amounts of energy to operate.
E)None of the above.

Answer 2

desalination plants are expensive to build and use large amounts of energy to operate.

Question 3

The amount of water used per day by the average U.S.citizen is about the same as the amount used to fill an Olympic sized swimming pool.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

To maintain optimal health, an adult should consume 64 ounces of water per day.

Question 5

If salt water is 3.5% salt by mass, _____ grams of salt will exist in 100.0 mL of salt water.

Question 6

The term potable means

A)able to be carried.
B)safe to drink.
C)filled with salt.
D)containing debris.
E)heavy.

Question 7

The amount of potable water is about 3% of the total water on Earth.

Question 8

Two sources of pollution that contaminated Newton Creek outside of New York City were

A)raw sewage and oil refineries.
B)an oil spill and nuclear waste.
C)run off from nearby chicken farms and coal fired power plants.
D)fertilizer run off and lack of good circulation.
E)acidification and cow manure.

Question 9

What two countries have the largest global water footprint?

A)Russia and China
B)The United States and Mauritania in West Africa
C)Australia and India
D)Greenland and Paraguay
E)Mexico and Canada

Question 10

Which of the following countries has the largest water footprint?

A)China
B)South Africa
C)Norway
D)United States
E)Greenland

Question 11

When a gas becomes a liquid, this phase change is called

A)evaporation.
B)sublimation.
C)condensation.
D)freezing.
E)melting.

Question 12

A superfund site is

A)a large place to store water.
B)an abandoned place where hazardous materials are located.
C)a river that is conducive to rowing.
D)a land operation that is used to remove salt from water.
E)an estuary from which salt water has been removed.

Question 13

All drinking water in the United States, regardless of source, must pass through a water treatment plant.

Question 14

_________ is a source of freshwater for many people on Earth.

A)Evaporation
B)Sublimation
C)Snow melt
D)Condensation
E)Ocean water

Question 15

During water treatment, how is small debris removed from unclean water?

A)by adding chlorine
B)by adding fluorine
C)by adding a flocculent
D)by passing the water through a screen
E)All of the above.

Question 16

Of the 3% of fresh water available on Earth, where does the majority of this water exist?

A)in the air as water vapor
B)in groundwater aquifers
C)in lakes and rivers
D)in glaciers and snow
E)in swimming pools

Question 17

During water purification, _________ is added to remove viruses and bacteria.

A)NaCl
B)F₂
C)N₂
D)CH₄
E)Cl₂

Question 18

The change of phase from water vapor to snow is called

A)evaporation.
B)precipitation.
C)condensation.
D)sublimation.
E)melting.

Question 19

Estimate which of the following contributes the least to an individual's water footprint.

A)drinking water
B)showering
C)watering the lawn
D) flushing the toilet
E)buying and eating bacon for breakfast

Question 20

About how much of the water present on Earth is salt water?

A)25%
B)50%
C)75%
D)90%
E)97%

Question 21

Intermolecular forces are a type of covalent bond.

Question 22

During a phase change, which is true?

A)Intermolecular hydrogen bonds can be broken
B)Ionic bonds are broken in a salt or other ionic compound
C)Non-polar covalent bonds can become polar covalent bonds
D)Polar covalent bonds are disrupted

Question 23

A molecule that is polar will

A)have a balanced distribution of electrons.
B)always contain a hydrogen atom.
C)have an unevenness of electrical charge.
D)be less dense in its solid form than its liquid form.
E)experience hydrogen bonding.

Question 24

Which of the following elements, when present in high enough concentration, can stain the color of the teeth?

A)calcium
B)magnesium
C)zinc
D)lithium
E)fluorine

Question 25

If salt water is 3.5% salt by mass, _____ grams of salt are in one liter of salt water.

Question 26

At which location will a pot of pasta take the longest time to cook?

A)Denver, CO
B)Mt.Everest
C)Salt Lake City, Utah
D)Boston, MA

Question 27

The isotopes of hydrogen exist in the same ratio, regardless of the geographic location of the hydrogen atom.

Question 28

What is the reason that some counties in Texas have lower crime rates than other counties across the state?

A)The police force in these areas has begun a rehabilitation program that has drastically reduced crime in certain areas
B)Local drinking water contains lithium which is an element normally found in drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders
C)Prisons located in these counties have severe penalties for even the lowest level misdemeanors
D)Citizens in these counties spend significantly more on firearms per year than the average Texas citizen.

Question 29

A hydrogen bond

A)forms between two hydrogen atoms on the same molecule.
B)forms between a hydrogen atom on one molecule and a N, O or F atom on another molecule.
C)forms between a hydrogen atom at one end of a molecule and a C atom at the other end of the same molecule.
D)is generally stronger than an ionic bond.
E)causes the boiling point of water to be lower than that of most other substances.

Question 30

The strongest type of intermolecular force is

A)ion-dipole forces.
B)dipole-dipole forces.
C)hydrogen bonding.
D)ionic bonding.
E)covalent bonding.

Question 31

The electron density in the water molecule

A)is concentrated at the center of the molecule.
B)is localized near the oxygen atom.
C)is centered near each hydrogen atom.
D)is distributed evenly through the entire molecule.
E)alternates from one side of the molecule to another.

Question 32

Which of the following phase transitions will require the input of heat?

A)sublimation
B)condensation
C)evaporation

Question 33

Intermolecular forces

A)connect the two hydrogen atoms in a water molecule together.
B)hold one water molecule to its neighboring molecules.
C)are about 50 times stronger than covalent bonds in water molecules.
D)exist only between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
E)are the reason why it is so expensive to desalinate water.