Deck 1: An Introduction to Business Statistics

Question 1

A population is a set of existing units.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In a data set of information on college business students,an example of an element is their cumulative GPA.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Selecting many different samples and running many different tests can eventually produce a result that makes a desired conclusion be true.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

An example of a quantitative variable is the manufacturer of a car.

Question 5

Cross-sectional data are data collected at the same point in time.

Question 6

Using a nonrandom sample procedure in order to support a desired conclusion is an example of an unethical statistical procedure.

Question 7

The number of sick days per month taken by employees for the last 10 years at Apex Co.is an example of time series data.

Question 8

It is possible to use a random sample from one population to make statistical inferences about another related population.

Question 9

If we examine some of the population measurements,we are conducting a census of the population.

Question 10

In an experimental study,the aim is to manipulate or set the value of the response variable.

Question 11

A quantitative variable can also be referred to as a categorical variable.

Question 12

Statistical inference is the science of using a sample of measurements to make generalizations about the important aspects of a population of measurements.

Question 13

The number of sick days taken by employees in 2008 for the top 10 technology companies is an example of time series data.

Question 14

The science of describing the important aspects of a set of measures is called statistical inference.

Question 15

Daily temperature in a local community collected over a 30-day time period is an example of cross-sectional data.

Question 16

A random sample is selected so that every element in the population has the same chance of being included in the sample.

Question 17

In an observational study,the variable of interest is called a response variable.

Question 18

An example of a qualitative variable is the mileage of a car.

Question 19

Time series data are data collected at the same time period.

Question 20

Processes produce outputs over time.

Question 21

Primary data are data collected by an individual.

Question 22

An identification of police officers by rank would represent a(n)____________ level of measurement.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 23

Data that are collected by an individual through personally planned experimentation or observation are _____________.

A)Secondary data
B)Quantitative data
C)Primary data
D)Variables

Question 24

The two types of quantitative variables are:

A)Ordinal and ratio
B)Interval and ordinal
C)Nominative and ordinal
D)Interval and ratio
E)Nominative and interval

Question 25

__________ is a necessary component of a runs plot.

A)Observation over time
B)Qualitative variable
C)Random sampling of the data
D)Cross-sectional data

Question 26

Which of the following is a categorical variable?

A)Air temperature
B)Bank account balance
C)Daily sales in a store
D)Whether a person has a traffic violation
E)Value of company stock

Question 27

Measurements from a population are called:

A)Elements.
B)Observations.
C)Variables.
D)Processes.

Question 28

Jersey numbers of soccer players is an example of a(n)___________ variable.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 29

Which of the following is a quantitative variable?

A)The manufacturer of a cell phone
B)A person's gender
C)Mileage of a car
D)Whether a person is a college graduate
E)Whether a person has a charge account

Question 30

A ratio variable has the following characteristic:

A)Meaningful order
B)Inherently defined zero value
C)Categorical in nature
D)Predictable

Question 31

The weight of a chemical compound used in an experiment that is obtained using a well-adjusted scale represents a(n)_____________ level of measurement.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 32

______________ is the science of using a sample to make generalizations about the important aspects of a population.

A)Time series analysis
B)Descriptive statistics
C)Random sample
D)Statistical inference

Question 33

Examining all population measurements is called a _____________.

A)Census
B)Frame
C)Sample
D)Variable

Question 34

A(n)_____________ variable is a qualitative variable such that there is no meaningful ordering or ranking of the categories.

A)Ratio
B)Ordinal
C)Nominative
D)Interval

Question 35

Secondary data are data taken from an existing source.

Question 36

A person's telephone area code is an example of a(n)_____________ variable.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 37

College entrance exam scores,such as SAT scores,are an example of a(n)_____________ variable.

A)Ordinal
B)Ratio
C)Nominative
D)Interval

Question 38

Temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit)is an example of a(n)__________ variable.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 39

The number of miles a truck is driven before it is overhauled is an example of a(n)_____________ variable.

A)Nominative
B)Ordinal
C)Interval
D)Ratio

Question 40

Any characteristic of a population unit is a(n):

A)Measurement
B)Sample
C)Observation
D)Variable

Question 41

A ____________ variable can have values that are numbers on the real number line.

A)Qualitative
B)Quantitative
C)Categorical
D)Nominative

Question 42

A ___________ is a display of individual measurements versus time.

A)Runs plot
B)Statistical analysis
C)Random sample
D)Measurement

Question 43

A(n)____________ variable can have values that indicate into which of several categories of a population it belongs.

A)Qualitative
B)Quantitative
C)Ratio
D)Interval

Question 44

A study is being conducted on the effect of gas price on the number of miles driven in a given month.Residents in two cities,one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast are randomly selected and asked to complete a questionnaire on the type of car they drive,the number of miles they live from work,the number of children under 18 in their household,their monthly income,and the number of miles they have driven over the past 30 days.List the response variable(s).

Question 45

If we collect data on the number of wins each team in the NFL had during the 2011-12 season,we have _____________ data.

A)Cross-sectional
B)Time series

Question 46

Any characteristic of an element is called a ____________.

A)Set
B)Process
C)Variable
D)Census

Question 47

The change in the daily price of a stock is what type of variable?

A)Qualitative
B)Ordinal
C)Random
D)Quantitative

Question 48

Data collected for a particular study are referred to as a data ____________.

A)Variable
B)Measurement
C)Set
D)Element

Question 49

The process of assigning a value of a variable to each element in a data set is called ___________.

A)Sampling
B)Measurement
C)Experimental analysis
D)Observational analysis

Question 50

___________ refers to describing the important aspects of a set of measurements.

A)Cross-sectional analysis
B)Runs plot
C)Descriptive statistics
D)Time series analysis

Question 51

A set of all elements we wish to study is called a ____________.

A)Sample
B)Process
C)Census
D)Population

Question 52

A ____________ is a subset of the units in a population.

A)Census
B)Process
C)Sample
D)Variable

Question 53

A sequence of operations that takes inputs and turns them into outputs is a ____________.

A)Process
B)Statistical inference
C)Runs plot
D)Random sampling

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT an example of unethical statistical practices?

A)Inappropriate interpretation of statistical results
B)Using graphs to make statistical inferences
C)Improper sampling
D)Descriptive measures that mislead the user
E)None of these

Question 55

One method of determining whether a sample being studied can be used to make statistical inferences about the population is to:

A)Run a descriptive statistical analysis
B)Calculate a proportion
C)Create a cross-sectional data analysis
D)Produce a runs plot

Question 56

If we collect data on the number of wins the Dallas Cowboys earned each of the past 10 years,we have _____________ data.

A)Cross-sectional
B)Time series

Question 57

When the data being studied are gathered from a published source,this is referred to as a(n)_______________.

A)Existing data source
B)Observational data source
C)Experimental data source
D)Cross-sectional data source

Question 58

A data set provides information about some group of individual _____________.

A)Variables
B)Elements
C)Statistics
D)Measurements

Question 59

A study is being conducted on the effect of gas price on the number of miles driven in a given month.Residents in two cities,one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast are randomly selected and asked to complete a questionnaire on the type of car they drive,the number of miles they live from work,the number of children under 18 in their household,their monthly income,and the number of miles they have driven over the past 30 days.Is this an experimental or observational study?

Question 60

Statistical ____________ refers to using a sample of measurements and making generalizations about the important aspects of a population.

A)Sampling
B)Process
C)Analysis
D)Inference

Question 61

Using the following data table of the average hours per week spent on Internet activities by 15- to 18-year-olds for the years 1999-2008,construct the runs plot and interpret.

Question 62

Looking at the runs plot of gasoline prices over the past 30 months,describe what it tells us about the price of gas during these 30 months.

Question 63

A study is being conducted on the effect of gas price on the number of miles driven in a given month.Residents in two cities,one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast are randomly selected and asked to complete a questionnaire on the type of car they drive,the number of miles they live from work,the number of children under 18 in their household,their monthly income,and the number of miles they have driven over the past 30 days.List the factor(s).