Deck 2: Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods

Question 1

The relative frequency is the frequency of a class divided by the total number of measurements.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A scatter plot can be used to identify outliers.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A stem-and-leaf display is a graphical portrayal of a data set that shows the overall pattern of variation in the data set.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

When data are qualitative,the bars should never be separated by gaps.

Question 5

When we wish to summarize the proportion (or fraction)of items in a class,we use the frequency distribution for each class.

Question 6

Stem-and-leaf displays and dot plots are useful for detecting outliers.

Question 7

Beginning the vertical scale of a graph at a value different from zero can cause increases to look more dramatic.

Question 8

When looking at the shape of the distribution using a stem-and-leaf,a distribution is skewed to the right when the left tail is shorter than the right tail.

Question 9

Each stem of a stem-and-leaf display should be a single digit.

Question 10

In the first step of setting up a Pareto chart,a frequency table should be constructed of the defects (or categories)in decreasing order of frequency.

Question 11

A runs plot is a form of scatter plot.

Question 12

A bar chart is a graphic that can be used to depict qualitative data.

Question 13

It is possible to create different interpretations of the same graphical display by simply using different captions.

Question 14

Splitting the stems refers to assigning the same stem to two or more rows of the stem-and-leaf display.

Question 15

The stem-and-leaf display is advantageous because it allows us to actually see the measurements in the data set.

Question 16

When constructing any graphical display that utilizes categorical data,classes that have frequencies of 5 percent or less are usually combined together into a single category.

Question 17

In a Pareto chart,the bar for the OTHER category should be placed to the far left of the chart.

Question 18

When establishing the classes for a frequency table,it is generally agreed that the more classes you use,the better your frequency table will be.

Question 19

The sample cumulative distribution function is nondecreasing.

Question 20

A frequency table includes row and column percentages.

Question 21

Row or column percentages can be found in

A)Frequency tables.
B)Relative frequency tables.
C)Cross-tabulation tables.
D)Cumulative frequency tables.

Question 22

A _____________ displays the frequency of each group with qualitative data,and a _____________ displays the frequency of each group with quantitative data.

A)Histogram,stem-and-leaf display
B)Bar chart,histogram
C)Scatter plot,bar chart
D)Stem-and-leaf,pie chart

Question 23

When developing a frequency distribution,the class (group)intervals should be ___________.

A)Large
B)Small
C)Integer
D)Mutually exclusive
E)Equal

Question 24

If there are 130 values in a data set,how many classes should be created for a frequency histogram?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 25

Which one of the following graphical tools is used with quantitative data?

A)Bar chart
B)Histogram
C)Pie chart
D)Pareto chart

Question 26

Which of the following graphical tools is not used to study the shapes of distributions?

A)Stem-and-leaf display
B)Scatter plot
C)Histogram
D)Dot plot

Question 27

An observation separated from the rest of the data is a(n)___________.

A)Absolute extreme
B)Outlier
C)Mode
D)Quartile

Question 28

A plot of the values of two variables is a _____ plot.

A)Runs
B)Scatter
C)Dot
D)Ogive

Question 29

All of the following are used to describe qualitative data except the ___________.

A)Bar chart
B)Pie chart
C)Histogram
D)Pareto chart

Question 30

A ______________ shows the relationship between two variables.

A)Stem-and-leaf
B)Bar chart
C)Histogram
D)Scatter plot
E)Pie chart

Question 31

Leaves on a stem-and-leaf display should be rearranged so that they are in increasing order from left to right.

Question 32

A ______________ can be used to differentiate the vital few causes of quality problems from the trivial many causes of quality problems.

A)Histogram
B)Scatter plot
C)Pareto chart
D)Ogive plot
E)Stem-and-leaf display

Question 33

Which of the following graphs is for qualitative data?

A)Histogram
B)Bar chart
C)Ogive plot
D)Stem-and-leaf

Question 34

______________ and _____________ are used to describe qualitative (categorical)data.

A)Stem-and-leaf displays,scatter plots
B)Scatter plots,histograms
C)Box plots,bar charts
D)Bar charts,pie charts
E)Pie charts,histograms

Question 35

All of the following are used to describe quantitative data except the ___________.

A)Histogram
B)Stem-and-leaf chart
C)Dot plot
D)Pie chart

Question 36

A stem-and-leaf display is best used to ___________.

A)Provide a point estimate of the variability of the data set
B)Provide a point estimate of the central tendency of the data set
C)Display the shape of the distribution
D)None of these

Question 37

When grouping a large sample of measurements into classes,the ______________ is a better tool than the ___________.

A)Histogram,stem-and-leaf display
B)Box plot,histogram
C)Stem-and-leaf display,scatter plot
D)Scatter plot,box plot

Question 38

________ can be used to study the relationship between two variables.

A)Cross-tabulation tables
B)Frequency tables
C)Cumulative frequency distributions
D)Dot plots

Question 39

A(n)______ is a graph of a cumulative distribution.

A)Histogram
B)Scatter plot
C)Ogive plot
D)Pie chart

Question 40

If there are 120 values in a data set,how many classes should be created for a frequency histogram?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 41

If there are 62 values in a data set,how many classes should be created for a frequency histogram?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 42

The percentage of measurements in a class is called the ___________ of that class.

A)Frequency
B)Relative frequency
C)Leaf
D)Cumulative percentage

Question 43

A CFO is looking at how much the company is spending on computing.He samples companies in the pharmaceutical industry and develops the following stem-and-leaf graph. If you were creating a frequency histogram using these data,how many classes would you create?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 44

A flaw possessed by a population or sample unit is ___________.

A)Always random
B)A defect
C)Displayed by a dot plot
D)The cause for extreme skewness to the right

Question 45

A CFO is looking at how much the company is spending on computing.He samples companies in the pharmaceutical industry and develops the following stem-and-leaf graph. What is the approximate shape of the distribution of the data?

A)Normal
B)Skewed to the right
C)Skewed to the left
D)Bimodal
E)Uniform

Question 46

A company collected the ages from a random sample of its middle managers,with the resulting frequency distribution shown below. What is the midpoint of the third class interval?

A)22.5
B)27.5
C)32.5
D)37.5
E)42.5

Question 47

A CFO is looking at how much the company is spending on computing.He samples companies in the pharmaceutical industry and develops the following stem-and-leaf graph. What would be the first class interval for the frequency histogram?

A)5.2-6.5
B)5.2-6.0
C)5.0-6.0
D)5.2-6.6
E)5.2-6.4

Question 48

A CFO is looking at how much the company is spending on computing.He samples companies in the pharmaceutical industry and develops the following stem-and-leaf graph. What would be the class length used in creating a frequency histogram?

A)1.4
B)8.3
C)1.2
D)1.7
E)0.9

Question 49

A company collected the ages from a random sample of its middle managers,with the resulting frequency distribution shown below. What is the relative frequency for the largest interval?

A).132
B).226
C).231
D).283
E).288

Question 50

The US local airport keeps track of the percentage of flights arriving within 15 minutes of their scheduled arrivals.The stem-and-leaf plot of the data for one year is below. What would be the class length for creating the frequency histogram?

A)1.4
B)0.8
C)2.7
D)1.7
E)2.3

Question 51

The number of measurements falling within a class interval is called the ___________.

A)Frequency
B)Relative frequency
C)Leaf
D)Cumulative sum

Question 52

The US local airport keeps track of the percentage of flights arriving within 15 minutes of their scheduled arrivals.The stem-and-leaf plot of the data for one year is below. How many flights were used in this plot?

A)7
B)9
C)10
D)11
E)12

Question 53

The US local airport keeps track of the percentage of flights arriving within 15 minutes of their scheduled arrivals.The stem-and-leaf plot of the data for one year is below. In developing a histogram of these data,how many classes would be used?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 54

A company collected the ages from a random sample of its middle managers,with the resulting frequency distribution shown below. What would be the approximate shape of the relative frequency histogram?

A)Symmetrical
B)Uniform
C)Multiple peaks
D)Skewed to the left
E)Skewed to the right

Question 55

If there are 30 values in a data set,how many classes should be created for a frequency histogram?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 56

A relative frequency curve having a long tail to the right is said to be ___________.

A)Skewed to the left
B)Normal
C)A scatter plot
D)Skewed to the right

Question 57

The general term for a graphical display of categorical data made up of vertical or horizontal bars is called a(n)___________.

A)Pie chart
B)Pareto chart
C)Bar chart
D)Ogive plot

Question 58

A histogram that tails out toward larger values is ___________.

A)Skewed to the left
B)Normal
C)A scatter plot
D)Skewed to the right

Question 59

A CFO is looking at how much the company is spending on computing.He samples companies in the pharmaceutical industry and develops the following stem-and-leaf graph. What is the smallest percentage spent on computing?

A)5.9
B)5.6
C)5.2
D)5.02
E)50.2

Question 60

A graphical portrayal of a quantitative data set that divides the data into classes and gives the frequency of each class is a(n)___________.

A)Ogive plot
B)Dot plot
C)Histogram
D)Pareto chart
E)Bar chart

Question 61

A local electronics retailer recently conducted a study on purchasers of large screen televisions.The study recorded the type of television and the credit account balance of the customer at the time of purchase.They obtained the following results. What percentage of the customers had the highest credit balances and purchased an LCD television?

A)36.30
B)5.90
C)19.60
D)56.30
E)16.20

Question 62

The following is a partial relative frequency distribution of grades in an introductory statistics course. Find the relative frequency for the B grade.

A).78
B).27
C).65
D).37
E).47

Question 63

A histogram that tails out toward smaller values is ___________.

A)Skewed to the left
B)Normal
C)A scatter plot
D)Skewed to the right

Question 64

Recently an advertising company called 200 people and asked them to identify the company that was in an ad running nationwide.The following results were obtained. What percentage of those surveyed were female and could not recall the company?

A)40.0
B)22.0
C)52.4
D)66.7
E)37.9

Question 65

The number of items rejected daily by a manufacturer because of defects for the last 30 days are: 20,21,8,17,22,19,18,19,14,17,11,6,21,25,4,19,9,12,16,16,10,28,24,6,21,20,25,5,17,8
How many classes should be used in constructing a histogram?

A)6
B)5
C)7
D)4
E)8

Question 66

At the end of their final exam,550 students answered an additional question in which they rated the teaching effectiveness of their instructor,with the following results. What proportion of the students who rated their instructor as very or somewhat effective received a B or better in the class?

A)0.345
B)0.254
C)0.482
D)0.898
E)0.644

Question 67

A very simple graph that can be used to summarize a quantitative data set is called a(n)___________.

A)Runs plot
B)Ogive plot
C)Dot plot
D)Pie chart

Question 68

Recently an advertising company called 200 people and asked them to identify the company that was in an ad running nationwide.The following results were obtained. What percentage of those surveyed could not correctly recall the company?

A)58.00
B)56.89
C)55.00
D)43.10
E)42.00

Question 69

The number of weekly sales calls by a sample of 25 pharmaceutical salespersons is below. 24,56,43,35,37,27,29,44,34,28,33,28,46,31,38,41,48,38,27,29,37,33,31,40,50
How many classes should be used in the construction of a histogram?

A)4
B)6
C)10
D)5
E)2

Question 70

Consider the following data on distances traveled by people to visit the local amusement park and calculate the relative frequency for the shortest distance.

A).375
B).150
C).500
D).300
E).333

Question 71

The following is a relative frequency distribution of grades in an introductory statistics course. If this was the distribution of 200 students,find the frequency of failures.

A)12
B)6
C)23
D)46
E)3

Question 72

Consider the following data on distances traveled by people to visit the local amusement park and calculate the relative frequency for the distances over 24 miles.

A).375
B).150
C).125
D).025
E).325

Question 73

Using the following data,describe the shape of the data distribution.

A)Skewed to the left
B)Bimodal
C)Normal
D)Skewed to the right

Question 74

A local electronics retailer recently conducted a study on purchasers of large screen televisions.The study recorded the type of television and the credit account balance of the customer at the time of purchase.They obtained the following results. What percentage of purchases were plasma televisions by customers with the smallest credit balances?

A)50.00
B)39.20
C)56.30
D)34.80
E)19.60

Question 75

Using the following data,what would be the leaf unit in a stem-and-leaf display?

A)1.0
B)10
C).1
D).01
E).2

Question 76

An example of manipulating a graphical display to distort reality is ___________.

A)Starting the axes at zero
B)Making the bars in a histogram equal widths
C)Stretching the axes
D)Starting the axes at zero and Stretching the axes

Question 77

Using the following data,what would be the range of the values of the stem in a stem-and-leaf display?

A)11-17
B)11-18
C)10-18
D)12-17
E)12-18

Question 78

The following is a relative frequency distribution of grades in an introductory statistics course. If this was the distribution of 200 students,find the frequency for the highest two grades.

A)44
B)118
C)59
D)74
E)35

Question 79

As a general rule,when creating a stem-and-leaf display,there should be ______ stem values.

A)Between 3 and 10
B)Between 1 and 100
C)No fewer than 20
D)Between 5 and 20

Question 80

The number of weekly sales calls by a sample of 25 pharmaceutical salespersons is below. 24,56,43,35,37,27,29,44,34,28,33,28,46,31,38,41,48,38,27,29,37,33,31,40,50
What is the shape of the distribution of the data?

A)Skewed with tail to the right
B)Skewed with tail to the left
C)Normal
D)Bimodal